Enhanced Surveillance for New Vaccine Preventable Diseases

加强对新疫苗可预防疾病的监测

• 批准号: 7912032
• 负责人: MARY A STAAT
• 金额: $ 48.85万
• 依托单位: CINCINNATI CHILDRENS HOSP MED CTR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-08-31 至 2010-08-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7912032
• 关键词: Enhanced; Surveillance; New; Vaccine; Preventable

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The purpose of this cooperative agreement is to support a network of sites that provide surveillance and data collection on new vaccine use, the impact of the new vaccines and new vaccine policies through enhanced inpatient and outpatient surveillance, applied epidemiologic research, and investigator-initiated investigations. The research objectives of this program are to 1) evaluate the impact of new vaccines or new vaccine policies on disease in site populations, 2) evaluate the impact of new vaccines or new vaccine policies on administration of other vaccines and 3) understand the burden of vaccine preventable diseases or potentially vaccine preventable diseases in the population. The intent of the NVSN program is to utilize a network of population-based sites to conduct active surveillance for acute respiratory infections (ARI) and acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in addition to providing a framework in which to study other important vaccine related questions. We propose to continue our work in conducting population-based surveillance in Hamilton County, Ohio for acute respiratory infections and acute gastroenteritis to better understand the burden of influenza and rotavirus and to conduct applied epidemiologic studies to examine the impact of influenza and rotavirus vaccines in our community. Proposed studies include vaccine effectiveness studies using case-control and case-cohort methods, determining the cost of rotavirus disease in children hospitalized or cared for as outpatients or in the ED and assessing the background rate of intussusception. In addition, we propose conducting a series of complementary studies in collaborating pediatric practice networks to assess the impact of new vaccines on immunization providers. Specifically, we will evaluate the impact of new vaccines on immunization coverage levels and the number of injections administered per up-to-date child, provider knowledge, attitudes, intentions, and self-reported practices regarding use of new and combination vaccines and the cost impact of new vaccines on pediatric practices and their immunization delivery. We have provided evidence of our extensive experience developing surveillance systems in both the hospital and emergency department at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC) and our ability to work effectively within our community with health care providers and public health agencies as well as collaboratively with the existing NVSN sites and the CDC. We are thus in a unique position to provide the extensive services and expertise required in this application. The NVSN will address a number of priority areas in the Healthy People 2010 objectives. The infrastructure of such a network along with carefully planned research activities utilizing population-based enhanced surveillance and computerized databases with disease and immunization histories will provide the data needed to examine progress towards meeting the Healthy People 2010 objectives. Immunization and infectious disease issues are a top priority in the US as described in Healthy People 2010 objectives. Several of these objectives such as the reduction or elimination of vaccine preventable diseases (objective 14-1) and the evaluation of vaccination coverage for universally recommended vaccines (objective 14-22), are addressed in this application. Population-based surveillance will assess the disease burden of specific infections while applied epidemiologic studies assessing vaccine coverage will identify barriers to good coverage. Providing accurate rates of intussusception (IS), a potential adverse event of rotavirus vaccine is also addressed in this application (objective 14-30).

描述（由申请人提供）：该合作协议的目的是支持一个网站网络，这些网站通过增强的住院和门诊监测，提供有关新疫苗使用的监视和数据收集，新疫苗和新的疫苗政策的影响，应用的流行病学研究以及研究者发起的研究。该计划的研究目标是1）评估新疫苗或新的疫苗政策对现场种群中疾病的影响，2）评估新疫苗或新疫苗政策对其他疫苗的施用的影响，3）了解可预防疫苗的负担或潜在的可预防疾病的疫苗。 NVSN计划的目的是利用基于人群的站点网络来对急性呼吸道感染（ARI）和急性胃肠炎（年龄）进行主动监视，此外还提供了研究其他重要疫苗相关问题的框架。我们建议继续在俄亥俄州汉密尔顿县进行急性呼吸道感染和急性胃肠炎的努力，以更好地了解流感和轮状病毒的负担，并进行应用流行病学研究，以检查我们社区中流感和rotavirus疫苗的影响。拟议的研究包括使用病例对照和病例 - 霍特方法的疫苗有效性研究，确定了住院或在ED中住院或护理的儿童中轮状病毒疾病的成本，并评估了肠s的背景速度。此外，我们建议在协作小儿实践网络中进行一系列补充研究，以评估新疫苗对免疫提供者的影响。具体而言，我们将评估新疫苗对免疫覆盖水平的影响以及对使用新疫苗和新疫苗对使用新疫苗的使用以及新疫苗对儿科实践及其免疫接种的影响的每名儿童，提供者知识，态度，意图和自我报告的实践的注射次数。我们提供了我们在辛辛那提儿童医院医疗中心（CCHMC）的医院和急诊室开发监视系统的广泛经验的证据，以及我们与医疗保健提供者和公共卫生机构在社区中有效地在社区中合作的能力，以及与现有的NVSN站点和CDC合作。因此，我们处于独特的位置，可以提供本应用程序中所需的广泛服务和专业知识。 NVSN将解决2010年健康人民目标中的许多优先领域。这种网络的基础设施以及利用基于人群的增强监视和具有疾病和免疫历史的计算机化数据库的精心计划的研究活动将提供研究所需的数据，以研究实现健康人2010年目标的进展。如《健康人》 2010年的目标，免疫接种和传染病问题是美国的重中之重。在本申请中解决了这些目标中的一些，例如减少或消除可预防疾病的疫苗预防疾病（目标14-1）以及对普遍推荐的疫苗（目标14-22）的疫苗接种覆盖率的评估。基于人群的监视将评估特定感染的疾病负担，同时评估疫苗覆盖率的流行病学研究将确定良好覆盖范围的障碍。在本应用中还解决了肠tussusections疫苗的准确速率（IS），轮状病毒疫苗的潜在不利事件（目标14-30）。