GCS-CEAS: a novel tool for exposure assessment during disaster response

GCS-CEAS：灾难响应期间暴露评估的新工具

基本信息

批准号：
10699942
负责人：
IRA LEIFER
金额：
$ 20.49万
依托单位：
BUBBLEOLOGY RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL, INC.
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2023
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2023-05-01 至 2024-04-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10699942
关键词：
Academia Accounting Address Adsorption Agriculture Air Alkanes Anesthetics Archives Benzene Breath Tests Calibration Chemicals Collection Communities Complex Data Data Collection Data Set Detection Diagnostic Disadvantaged Disasters Equilibrium Event Exhalation Floods Fluorescence Gas Chromatography Gases Government Health Hurricane Hydrocarbons In Situ Industry Infrastructure Laboratories Lasers Maintenance Marketing Measurement Measures Monitor Natural Disasters Oils Price Proxy Reaction Time Research Resolution Risk Sampling Site Small Business Innovation Research Grant Source Specific qualifier value Surveys System Technical Expertise Technology Testing Time Toluene Transport Process Uncertainty Volatilization Xylene absorption chemical disaster chemical release climate change cost cost effective design detection limit ethylbenzene experience extreme weather first responder gas analyzer health application innovation interest landfill manufacture member mobile application novel operation portability real time monitoring response sample collection sensor success timeline tool

项目摘要

BRI will develop and demonstrate a Gas Chromatography Selector (GCS) that front-ends a Cavity Enhanced Absorption Spectrometer (CEAS) for the fast, accurate, selective, sensitive (0.025 ppbv, or better, using pre- concentration) measurement of a wide spectrum of volatile organic hydrocarbons (VOHs) that are beyond current CEAS technology. BRI will develop and demonstrate an inexpensive, reusable Pre-concentration Sample Module (PSM) to collect samples for later analysis. Thus GCS-CEAS significantly extends industry- leading CEAS technology capabilities for air quality monitoring opening many new applications. GCS-CEAS will be suitable for mobile applications with a time response comparable to or better than other gas analyzers (1-2 minutes). Extreme weather events are increasing instances of cascading technological disasters, e.g., hurricanes damage infrastructure, causing chemical releases, and thus, exposure. GCS-CEAS addresses the resulting VOHs released and can be expanded to include any gas that can be measured by gas chromatography. Thus, GCS-CEAS supports disaster response as a reliable, accurate sensor that detects an extensive range of toxic gases for exposure assessment for first responders and the community. The GCS-CEAS uses fast (0.1-2 s time response) analysis by the CEAS of CH4 to guide GCS-CEAS data collection or PSM collection for later analysis. GCS-CEAS can be adapted easily to other VOHs of interest. Envisioned mobile applications are for cars, a 4WD vehicles, or small ATVs. There are direct health applications: exposure, breath analysis, diagnostics, or monitoring exhaled anesthetic. GCS-CEAS will be commercially accessible, requiring minimal technical expertise, maintenance, and calibration. Fusion of mobile real-time, focused speciation by GCS-CEAS with archival full speciation will transform source monitoring. GCS-CEAS enables in-plume sample collection that stationary monitors can easily miss or misinterpret to estimate exposure. Mobile data are snapshot data that removes the large uncertainty in stationary datasets wherein transport processes and emission unsteadiness become confounded. We demonstrate field application of GCS-CEAS using remote PSM sample collection downwind of the Carson Refinery for complete analysis by the bench top system. Tasks involve developing and validating optimization modules to meet target time response, accuracy, selectivity, and detection limits and accounting for H2 balance effects on CEAS calibration. Target GCS-CEAS accuracy is 5%. PSM target detection limits are sub-25 ppt at 1-3 minute time response for BTEX and alkanes, similar to fluorescence analyzer time-scales, which only measure (selectively) one (not large molecule) gas per analyzer and cannot be re-tasked for other gases, unlike the GCS-CEAS.

BRI 将开发并演示一种气相色谱选择器 (GCS)，该选择器前端是腔增强型吸收光谱仪 (CEAS) 可快速、准确、选择性、灵敏（0.025 ppbv 或更好，使用预浓度）测量超出范围的多种挥发性有机碳氢化合物（VOH）当前的CEAS技术。 BRI 将开发并展示一种廉价、可重复使用的预浓缩样品模块 (PSM) 用于收集样品以供以后分析。因此，GCS-CEAS 显着扩展了行业领先的 CEAS 空气质量监测技术能力开启了许多新应用。 GCS-CEAS 将适用于移动应用，其时间响应可与其他应用相当或更好气体分析仪（1-2 分钟）。极端天气事件正在增加级联技术的实例灾害，例如飓风破坏基础设施，导致化学品泄漏，从而造成暴露。 GCS-CEAS 解决了由此产生的 VOH 释放问题，并且可以扩展到包括可以通过气体测量的任何气体色谱法。因此，GCS-CEAS 作为可靠、准确的传感器来支持灾难响应广泛的有毒气体，用于急救人员和社区的暴露评估。 GCS-CEAS使用CH4的CEAS的快速（0.1-2秒时间响应）分析来指导GCS-CEAS数据收集或 PSM 收集以供以后分析。 GCS-CEAS 可以轻松适应其他感兴趣的 VOH。设想的移动应用程序适用于汽车、四轮驱动车辆或小型全地形车。有直接健康应用：暴露、呼吸分析、诊断或监测呼出的麻醉剂。 GCS-CEAS 将商业上可获得，需要最少的技术专业知识、维护和校准。 GCS-CEAS 移动实时、集中形态分析与档案完整形态分析的融合将发生转变源头监控。 GCS-CEAS 能够在羽流内采集样本，固定监测器很容易错过或误解估计暴露程度。移动数据是快照数据，消除了很大的不确定性固定数据集，其中传输过程和排放不稳定变得混乱。我们使用顺风处的远程 PSM 样本采集来演示 GCS-CEAS 的现场应用卡森炼油厂通过台式系统进行完整分析。任务涉及开发和验证优化模块以满足目标时间响应、准确性、选择性、检测限和核算 H2 平衡对 CEAS 校准的影响。 GCS-CEAS 目标准确度为 5%。 PSM 目标检测限为 BTEX 和烷烃的 1-3 分钟时间响应低于 25 ppt，类似于荧光分析仪时间尺度，每个分析仪仅（选择性地）测量一种（非大分子）气体，并且不能重新分配给其他分析仪气体，与 GCS-CEAS 不同。