Integrative Neural Systems Underlying Vital Aerodigestive Tract Functions

重要呼吸消化道功能的综合神经系统

• 批准号: 7749885
• 负责人: JOANNE ROBBINS
• 金额: $ 2.22万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-07-09 至 2010-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7749885
• 关键词: Address; Adverse effects; Affect; Anatomy; Animal Experimentation; Area; Attention; Back; Basic Science; Brain Stem; Breathing; Central Nervous System Diseases; Clinical; Clinical Investigator; Clinical Research; Cognition; Deglutition; Deglutition Disorders; Diagnosis; Discipline; Disease; Education; Elderly; Engineering; Esthesia; Evaluation; Funding; Head and Neck Cancer; Hospitals; Human; Image; Ingestion; Intervention; Knowledge; Language; Lead; Limb structure; Longevity; Medical; Medicine; Methods; Minority; Nervous System Trauma; Neuraxis; Neurologist; Otolaryngologist; Paper; Parkinson Disease; Pathologist; Patient Care; Patients; Peripheral; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases; Phonation; Physics; Prevention; Public Health; Radiation; Radiology Specialty; Research; Research Priority; Respiration; Risk Factors; Scientist; Secondary to; Sleep; Specialist; Speech; Stroke; Structure; Students; System; Training; Translating; Translational Research; Translations; Travel; Universities; Ursidae Family; Wisconsin; bench to bedside; chemotherapy; clinical application; cost; functional outcomes; improved; knowledge translation; medical schools; meetings; multidisciplinary; muscle strength; novel; patient oriented research; posters; relating to nervous system; symposium; tube feeding; vocalization

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Translational research involves transferring new knowledge generated in the basic research realm to application for human/patient problems in the clinical arena. In this way conceptual understanding of normal mechanisms can be brought to bear on patient care research in a timely manner - known as bench to bedside. Synergistically, knowledge can transfer from the bedside to the bench when clinical research transfers new concepts back into the realm of basic research for improved understanding of underlying mechanisms. The effects of central nervous system (CNS) damage have long been studied for numerous conditions and their functional outcomes particularly for the limb musculature. More recently, attention has been focusing in two areas, first on bulbar innervated mechanisms critical for vital functions such as respiration, airway protection and ingestion and secondly on the effects of training muscle strength, endurance and coordination on integrative systems control. Changes in bulbar innervated aerodigestive tract structure, musculature and central control occur across the life span and secondary to CNS disorders (e.g. stroke, Parkinson's disease) and peripheral neuropathies (e.g. post-radiation and/or chemotherapy for head and neck cancers). These central and peripheral disorders result in dysphagia, and disorders affecting sleep, breathing and phonation. Traditional interventions previously regarded as safe, are being investigated as risk factors that may lead to disastrous consequences (e.g. feeding tube placement). An urgent need for translational, patient-oriented research to address the interaction of central and peripheral mechanisms and limit adverse effects on upper aerodigestive tract function is clear. This conference will provide a unique multidisciplinary forum for the first interaction among several clinical investigators and basic scientists including but not limited to: speech language pathologists, otolaryngologists, neurologists, physiologists, sleep medicine specialists, biomedical imagers (medical physics, engineering, radiology) and neuroscientists. The purpose is to integrate findings from animal research and the evaluation of parallel mechanisms in humans, to identify research priorities to enhance the translation of knowledge of integrative systems control into practice. This request is for support for a "flagship" conference, entitled "Integrative Neural Systems Underlying Vital Aerodigestive Tract Functions". Jointly sponsored by the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health and the Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center of the William S. Middleton VA Hospital, this conference is intended to promote high quality research on brainstem mechanisms and facilitate the clinical application of unique and novel methods for diagnosis and intervention. The meeting will provide a forum for established scholars and their doctoral students/fellows to share ideas and translate knowledge into new research initiatives. Funds will provide travel support for invited speakers, selected minorities, scientists presenting papers/posters and administrative costs. This will be a "flagship" conference, entitled "Integrative Neural Systems Underlying Vital Aerodigestive Tract Functions". This conference is intended to promote high quality research and clinical translation, by addressing the neurophysiologic, anatomic and neural underpinnings of swallowing, sleep, respiration and vocalization, critical functions with overarching issues of sensation, cognition/volitional control and imaging. The conference will facilitate clinical application of basic research understanding to developing unique and novel methods for prevention, diagnosis and intervention for conditions that affect tens of millions of people across the lifespan. The conference will provide a unique forum for established scholars and their doctoral students and fellows from multiple inter-related disciplines to interact, share ideas, present, collaborate and make important contributions.

描述（由申请人提供）：转化研究涉及将基础研究领域中产生的新知识转移到临床领域中人类/患者问题的应用。通过这种方式，可以及时对患者护理研究进行概念性理解 - 被称为卧床。从协同的角度来看，当临床研究将新概念转移到基础研究领域以提高对基本机制的理解时，知识可以从床边转移到台式。长期以来，已经研究了中枢神经系统（CNS）损伤的作用，尤其是在肢体肌肉组织方面的功能结果。最近，注意力一直集中在两个领域，首先是对重要功能（例如呼吸，气道保护和摄入）至关重要的鳞茎支配机制，其次是训练肌肉强度，耐力和协调对综合系统控制的影响。在整个寿命中发生了鳞茎支配的机动道，肌肉和中心控制的变化，其继发于中枢神经系统疾病（例如中风，帕金森氏病）和周围神经病（例如，辐射后和/或头部和颈部癌症的化学疗法）。这些中心和周围疾病会导致吞咽困难，以及影响睡眠，呼吸和发音的疾病。先前认为是安全的传统干预措施正在被研究为可能导致灾难性后果的风险因素（例如，进食管的放置）。迫切需要对中央机制和外围机制的相互作用，并限制对上层气管造成功能的不利影响的迫切需求。这次会议将为几个临床研究者和基础科学家之间的首次互动提供一个独特的多学科论坛，包括但不限于：语言病理学家，耳鼻喉科医生，神经病学家，生理学家，睡眠医学专家，生物医学成像仪（医学物理学，工程，放射学）和神经科学家。目的是将动物研究的发现和对人类平行机制的评估进行整合，以确定研究优先级，以增强整合系统控制知识的转换。该请求是支持“旗舰”会议，标题为“基于至关重要的机动区域功能的综合神经系统”。威斯康星大学医学与公共卫生学院以及威廉·S·米德尔顿弗吉尼亚州医院的老年研究教育和临床中心共同赞助，该会议旨在促进有关脑干机制的高质量研究，并促进临床应用独特的新方法诊断和干预方法。会议将为既定学者及其博士/研究员提供一个论坛，以分享想法并将知识转化为新的研究计划。资金将为受邀演讲者，选定的少数民族，介绍论文/海报和行政费用的科学家提供旅行支持。这将是一次“旗舰”会议，标题为“基于至关重要的机动消化功能的综合神经系统”。这次会议旨在通过解决吞咽，睡眠，呼吸和发声的神经生理，解剖学和神经基础，及其具有高度感觉，认知/自愿控制和成像的总体问题的关键功能，来促进高质量的研究和临床翻译。该会议将促进基础研究理解的临床应用，以开发针对影响整个生命周期数千万人的状况的独特和新颖方法，用于预防，诊断和干预。该会议将为已建立的学者及其博士生和研究员提供一个独特的论坛，这些论坛和研究员来自多个相互关联的学科，以互动，分享想法，现在，协作和做出重要的贡献。