Functional Neuroimaging Studies in Humans

人类功能神经影像研究

基本信息

批准号：
7733871
负责人：
ALLEN R BRAUN
金额：
$ 145.59万
依托单位：
NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DEAFNESS AND OTHER COMMUNICATION DISORDERS
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
至
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7733871
关键词：
Affect Aphasia Brain Brain Mapping Clinical Research Cochlear Implants Communication Communication impairment Complex Comprehension Computer software Data Data Analyses Disease Echo-Planar Imaging Electroencephalography Facility Construction Funding Category Feasibility Studies Functional Imaging Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Functional disorder Hand functions Hearing Impaired Persons Human Imaging Techniques Individual Language Left Lesion Location Magnetic Resonance Imaging Maps Methods Modality Morphologic artifacts Names Numbers Patients Pattern Positron-Emission Tomography Process Production Publications Raclopride Reading Recovery Series Sign Language Speech Standards of Weights and Measures Stimulus Symptoms Systems Analysis Techniques Training Treatment Efficacy Voice aphasic density hemodynamics instrument language processing musician nervous system disorder neuroimaging post stroke response semantic processing syntax volunteer

项目摘要

Functional imaging techniques are being used to characterize brain activation patterns in normal subjects and individuals with neurological disorders affecting human communication. Brain activation patterns characterized using PET, fMRI, EEG, MEG and other brain mapping techniques are used to characterize phenotypic presentation, pathophysiology and treatment of communication disorders. PET scans are performed on the GE Advance and Scanditronix PC2048-15B tomographs using the H215O and C-11 Raclopride methods. Data are analyzed using Statistical Parametric Mapping software and newer covariance techniques developed in the section. Structural and functional MRI studies are performed on GE 1.5 and 3.0 Tesla instruments. Functional images are acquired using spiral, echoplanar imaging and arterial spin-tagging methods. Data are analyzed using MEDx, AFNI, and SPM software and newer covariance techniques developed in the Section. High density EEG studies are conducted using a Neuroscan 64 channel system and analyzed using BESA, Neuroscan and Brain Voyager packages. MEG data are collected on a 275 channel CTF instrument. A series of combined hemodynamic and electrophysiological studies of language in normal volunteers demonstrated unique task related patterns of brain activity for reading, naming, and semantic processing that will serve as a baseline when these paradigms are used to study language recovery in post-stroke aphasia. An arterial spin tagging fMRI study demonstrated the feasibility of studying continuous speech with this method (not possible with standard fMRI techniques because of artifact production) that will be useful in studying recovery of syntactic abilities in aphasics as well. Structural MRI studies evaluating relationships between aphasic symptoms and lesion location have been completed, with over 40 patients studied thus far. Functional MRI studies of confrontational naming in 20 aphasic patients have demonstrated unique patterns of activity in perilesional and contralesional cortical regions associated with correct and incorrect (paraphasic) responses and dissociable patterns of activity associated with production of nouns and verbs. MEG studies of syntactic comprehension in control subject have demonstrated differential activation associated with comprehension of simple and complex syntactic constructions. These methods will now be applied in clinical studies evaluating recovery of agrammatic aphasic patients. PET studies in deaf subjects using American Sign Language demonstrated modality independent features of language processing, strongly lateralized to the left hemisphere regardless of the hand used in signing. Other PET studies demonstrated unique patterns of brain activity for production of voice in humans. PET studies also demonstrated differences in the processing of language, melody and rhythm by deaf cochlear implant recipients. fMRI studies have demonstrated unique patterns of brain activity in trained musicians processing rhythmic stimuli. A number of additional studies in which fMRI and electrophysiological methods are combined to study language processing in controls and aphasic are being prepared for publication.

功能成像技术用于表征正常受试者的大脑激活模式，并且患有影响人类交流的神经系统疾病的个体。使用PET，fMRI，EEG，MEG和其他脑图技术来表征的大脑激活模式用于表征表型表现，病理生理学和沟通障碍的治疗。使用H215O和C-11 Raclopride方法对GE Advance和Scanditronix PC2048-15B进行了PET扫描。使用统计参数映射软件和本节中开发的较新的协方差技术对数据进行分析。在GE 1.5和3.0 Tesla仪器上进行结构和功能性MRI研究。使用螺旋，回声成像和动脉自旋标记方法获得功能图像。使用MEDX，AFNI和SPM软件以及本节中开发的新协方差技术分析数据。高密度脑电图研究是使用Neuroscan 64通道系统进行的，并使用BESA，Neuroscan和Brain Voyager包装进行了分析。 MEG数据收集在275通道CTF仪器上。一系列对正常志愿者语言的血液动力学和电生理学研究表明，当这些范式用于研究势头失语症中的语言恢复时，用于阅读，命名和语义处理的大脑活动模式与大脑活动相关。一项动脉旋转标签fMRI研究表明，使用这种方法研究连续语音的可行性（由于产生人工制品而无法使用标准的fMRI技术），这也可用于研究Aposics中语法能力的恢复。评估失语症状与病变位置之间关系的结构性MRI研究已经完成，到目前为止，已有40多名患者研究。在20名失语症患者中对对抗性命名的功能性MRI研究表明，与正确和不正确的（副称）反应相关的周期和对比的皮质区域中的活动模式独特，以及与名词和动词产生相关的活动模式。对照主题中句法理解的MEG研究表明，与简单和复杂的句法结构的理解相关的差异激活。这些方法现在将应用于评估农业失语症患者恢复的临床研究中。使用美国手语中的聋人对受试者的宠物研究表明，语言处理的模态独立性特征，无论签名中使用什么手，都向左半球侧向侧面。其他宠物研究表明，在人类中生产声音的独特模式。宠物研究还表明，聋人人工耳蜗接受者在语言，旋律和节奏的处理方面存在差异。功能磁共振成像研究表明，在训练有素的音乐家处理节奏刺激中，大脑活动的独特模式。 fMRI和电生理方法合并到对照组中的语言处理和失语症的许多其他研究中，正在准备出版。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（18）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Planum parietale of chimpanzees and orangutans: a comparative resonance of human-like planum temporale asymmetry.

黑猩猩和猩猩的顶平面：类人颞平面不对称性的比较共振。

DOI：
10.1002/ar.a.20256
发表时间：
2005
期刊：
The anatomical record. Part A, Discoveries in molecular, cellular, and evolutionary biology
影响因子：
0
作者：
Gannon,PatrickJ;Kheck,NancyM;Braun,AllenR;Holloway,RalphL
通讯作者：
Holloway,RalphL

Tune deafness: processing melodic errors outside of conscious awareness as reflected by components of the auditory ERP.