Complex systems approaches to identify policy levers to reduce racial/ethnic disparities in diet and obesity in cities

复杂系统方法确定减少城市饮食和肥胖方面种族/民族差异的政策杠杆

基本信息

批准号：
10618996
负责人：
Brent Alan Langellier
金额：
$ 56.23万
依托单位：
DREXEL UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2021-08-26 至 2025-04-30
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10618996
关键词：
Address Affect Asian Behavioral Beverages Black Populations Black race Body Weight Changes Budgets Buffers COVID-19 pandemic Calibration Categories Charge Cities Communities Complex Diet Dietary Fiber Disadvantaged Disparity Eating Economic Conditions Eligibility Determination Enrollment Environment Equipment and supply inventories Ethnic Origin Federal Government Food Food Access Food Assistance Programs Food Preferences General Population Grain Harvest Health Food Household Immigrant Income Individual Inequality Inequity Latino Latino Population Lead Legal Life Low income Maps Methods Minority Modeling Neighborhoods Nutritional Obesity Occupations Oils Participant Pattern Philadelphia Policies Policy Making Poverty Prevalence Price Proteins Psyche structure Race Reducing diet Reporting Research Series System Thinking Time Travel Unemployment United States Department of Agriculture Variant Vegetables Work cost data standards disparity reduction economic impact ethnic disparity ethnic minority farmers markets federal policy food insecurity high risk inequitable distribution model building models and simulation nutrition obesogenic outcome disparities programs racial disparity racial minority residential segregation scale up segregation simulation social social disparities urban area urban setting virtual

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY Racial/ethnic disparities in diet and obesity are remarkably consistent across U.S. cities. First, we will use group model building to systematically engage academic, policy, and community stakeholders to build capacity for systems thinking, develop and refine a “map” of the multilevel factors that drive diet disparities, and identify policy levers to reduce diet disparities in cities. The need for this work is motivated by the lack of an existing conceptual framework that explicates mechanisms via which obesogenic environments and systematic structural disadvantage disproportionately affect minorities and lead to disparities. Previous research and existing conceptual frameworks have identified myriad influences on diet among the general population, but a more specific conceptual framework can advance understanding of social, environmental, and policy factors that work in combination to constrain healthy food choices of Blacks, Latinos, and other racial/ethnic minorities. Second, we will implement an agent-based simulation model (ABM) to examine how residential segregation, the inequitable distribution of food outlets, the lower price of unhealthy foods, and income inequality work in combination to constrain food choices of racial/ethnic minorities and lead to diet and obesity disparities. The ABM bridges lines of research conducted by our group and others that have used ABM to examine how food access and food prices separately affect diets. By integrating these separate modeling paradigms, we can examine how diet disparities emerge due to intersecting disadvantage in food access and affordability. In the ABM, individual-agents in a virtual city make a series of daily decisions about where to shop for food, what types of food to purchase, and what to eat. Each decision is based on simple rules that reflect influences on food purchasing and diet, including household food budgets; travel costs to food stores; between-store variation in price, inventory, and quality; and the prices of 12 nutritionally important food categories (e.g., protein, whole grains) and 6 beverage categories. We use gold standard data regarding household income and food spending, food prices and purchasing, and diet. We propose two uses for the ABM: First, we will assess the impact of job and income loss related to the COVID-19 pandemic and federal policies that restrict eligibility and enrollment of immigrants in food assistance programs – both of which have a disproportionate effect on minorities and thus are likely to exacerbate disparities. Second, we will engage policy stakeholders to inform dissemination and evaluate how scaling up existing pilot programs (e.g., healthy food delivery, multiplying the value of SNAP dollars spent at farmers’ markets, increasing healthy food access in minority neighborhoods) and implementing current policy proposals (e.g., USDA proposal to replace SNAP with “harvest boxes”) will exacerbate or reduce diet disparities. The ABM is grounded in the Philadelphia context, but the research questions and findings are highly relevant to diet disparities in essentially all U.S. cities.

项目摘要在美国城市，饮食和肥胖的种族/种族差异非常稳定。首先，我们将使用团体模型建设以系统地吸引学术，政策和社区利益相关者以建立能力用于系统思考，开发和完善驱动饮食分配的多层因素的“地图”，并确定减少城市饮食分配的政策杠杆。这项工作的需求是由于缺乏现有的概念框架，阐明了通过肥胖环境和系统的机制结构性劣势不成比例地影响少数群体并导致差异。以前的研究和现有的概念框架已经确定了对普通人群中饮食的无数影响，但更具体的概念框架可以提高对社会，环境和政策因素的理解结合起来限制黑人，拉丁裔和其他拉面/少数民族的健康食品选择。其次，我们将实施一个基于代理的仿真模型（ABM），以检查居民隔离的方式，食品媒体的不平等分配，不健康食品的较低价格和收入不平等的工作结合限制种族/族裔少数民族的食物选择，并导致饮食和肥胖差异。 ABM Bridges的研究线和我们的小组和其他使用ABM研究食物的研究线获得和食品价格分别影响饮食。通过集成这些单独的建模范例，我们可以检查饮食差距如何由于食品获取和负担能力中的灾难而出现。在 ABM，虚拟城市中的个人代理做出了一系列关于在哪里购物食物的日常决定，什么要购买的食物类型，以及吃什么。每个决定都是基于反映影响影响的简单规则食品购买和饮食，包括家庭食品预算；食品商店的旅行费用；商店之间价格，库存和质量的变化；以及12种营养重要食品类别的价格（例如蛋白质，全谷物）和6间卧室类别。我们使用有关家庭收入的黄金标准数据，食品支出，食品价格和购买以及饮食。我们建议ABM的两种用途：首先，我们将评估工作和收入损失的影响与限制资格的共同19-19大流行和联邦政策有关以及移民参加粮食援助计划的招生 - 两者都对少数族裔，因此可能会加剧分布。其次，我们将与政策利益相关者联系以告知传播和评估如何扩展现有的试点计划（例如，健康食品交付，繁殖在农贸市场上花费的价值，增加了少数民族社区的健康食品获取）并实施当前的政策建议（例如，USDA建议用“收获框”代替SNAP）加重或减少饮食分配。 ABM基于费城的背景，但研究问题和发现与本质上所有美国城市的饮食分配高度相关。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（3）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

County- and state-level immigration policies are associated with Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) participation among Latino households.

县级和州级移民政策与拉丁裔家庭参与补充营养援助计划 (SNAP) 相关。

DOI：
10.1016/j.socscimed.2023.116141
发表时间：
2023
期刊：
Social science & medicine (1982)
影响因子：
0
作者：
Chaparro,MPia;Auchincloss,AmyH;Argibay,Sofia;Ruggiero,DominicA;Purtle,Jonathan;Langellier,BrentA
通讯作者：
Langellier,BrentA

Use of qualitative systems mapping and causal loop diagrams to understand food environments, diet and obesity: a scoping review protocol.

DOI：
10.1136/bmjopen-2022-066875
发表时间：
2023-03-17
期刊：
BMJ open
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
通讯作者：

Methods and measures to evaluate the impact of participatory model building on public policymakers: a scoping review protocol.

DOI：
10.1136/bmjopen-2023-074891
发表时间：
2024-01-06
期刊：
BMJ OPEN
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Henson, Rosie Mae;Purtle, Jonathan;Headen, Irene;Stankov, Ivana;Langellier, Brent A.
通讯作者：
Langellier, Brent A.