MESSAGE LEVEL INFLUENCES ON WORD RECOGNITION

消息级别对单词识别的影响

• 批准号: 3429461
• 负责人: SUSAN A DUFFY
• 金额: $ 2.62万
• 依托单位: AMHERST COLLEGE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-09-15 至 1992-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3429461
• 关键词: cognition; language; psycholinguistics; reading; video recording system

The focus of this proposal is the investigation of the mechanisms by which sentence contexts influence lexical access (word recognition) processes during reading. Prior research has established that lexical access processes for a given word are affected by the sentence context in which the word appears. The mechanisms by which context exerts its influence, however, remain to be clearly specified. For example, is lexical access affected by access processes for preceding words? Is access affected by the message of the sentence as a whole, apart from the identities of the individual words? The answers to these questions have implications for current models of language comprehension. Under one model, the lexical access process is assumed to be immune to the influence of many aspects of sentence context, including the representation of the whole sentence message. Under an alternative model, lexical access is influenced by the representation of the whole sentence message. Within this proposal a third model is developed, based upon representational assumptions that allow one to specify which aspects of the representations of the whole sentence message should influence lexical access and which should not. A series of experiments is proposed to test this model. In all of these experiments, subjects first see a sentence context displayed on a CRT screen. The context is then followed by a single target word that the subject must respond to. Response time is measured as an index of access time. Contexts are varied to test specific predictions of the model. The goal of this research is an understanding of a fundamental process within language comprehension, the process by which the comprehension system recognizes written words.

该提案的重点是调查 句子上下文影响词汇访问（单词识别）过程 在阅读过程中。先前的研究已经确定了词汇访问 给定单词的过程受句子上下文的影响 这个词出现。上下文施加其影响的机制， 但是，仍有明确指定。例如，是词汇访问 受到先前单词的访问过程的影响？受访问受到的影响 句子的整体信息，除了 单词？ 这些问题的答案对当前模型的影响 语言理解。在一个模型下，词汇访问过程是 假定不受句子上下文的许多方面的影响， 包括整个句子消息的表示。在一个 替代模型，词汇访问受到代表的影响 整个句子消息。 在此提案中，基于 代表性假设允许人们指定该方面的哪些方面 整个句子消息的表示应影响词汇 访问和不应该。提出了一系列实验来测试 这个模型。在所有这些实验中，受试者首先看到句子 上下文显示在CRT屏幕上。然后上下文之后是一个 对象必须响应的目标词。响应时间被测量为 访问时间的索引。上下文在测试特定预测方面有所不同 模型。 这项研究的目的是了解基本过程 在语言理解中，理解的过程 系统识别书面单词。