A SOCIOECONOMIC MODEL OF ALCOHOL PROBLEM PREVENTION

预防酒精问题的社会经济模型

基本信息

批准号：
3112488
负责人：
PAUL J GRUENEWALD
金额：
$ 8.31万
依托单位：
PACIFIC INSTITUTE FOR RES AND EVALUATION
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
1989
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1989-09-29 至 1992-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3112488
关键词：
alcoholism /alcohol abuse prevention driving while intoxicated legal /correctional social desirability social model social perception socioeconomics vehicular accident

项目摘要

The purpose of the proposed project is to provide a basic upon which to integrate economic and sociological approaches to the evaluation of preventive efforts to reduce alcohol consumption and problems. The theoretical framework for the project is based upon sociological formulations of the role of social norms in the regulation of alcohol consumption and problem rates. Social norms are assumed to provide the formal and informal means by which these behaviors are constrained with social groups. Formal manifestations of the regulatory effects of social norms are seen in the restrictions states impose on prices of alcoholic beverages and densities of alcohol beverage outlets. Informal manifestations of the regulatory effects of social norms are seen in the prescriptions and proscriptions on alcohol use imposed by the normative expectations societies have regarding behaviors related to alcohol consumption. The sociological model further suggests that the effectiveness of formal interventions will be moderated by the informal expectation regarding these behaviors. Thus, the effectiveness of economic interventions (e.g.., changes in alcohol prices or outlet densities) may be moderated by the social norms of targeted groups. A structural model of the relationships between social norms, alcohol prices, alcohol outlet densities, and alcohol consumption and problem rates is proposed. Both static and dynamic features of this model are outlined and methods for testing various features of the model presented. Aggregate time series cross-sectional state level data from the United States will be used to evaluate the empirical status of the model. Time series cross-sectional analyses of these data will determine(1) whether surrogates for social norms are longitudinally related to changes in alcohol prices (represented by taxation rates) and/or changes in outlet densities, (2) whether these surrogates have independent effects upon alcohol consumption rates, and (3) whether alcohol prices and outlet densities have direct effects upon one measure of alcohol problems (fatal nighttime crashes) independent of alcohol consumption rates. Seemingly unrelated regression analyses will be used to determine whether the effects of changes in alcohol prices or outlet densities on alcohol consumption rates and alcohol problems are moderated by cross-sectional differences in social norms between states. The long term goal of these studies is to clarify the relationship between the social context of economic interventions and the interventions themselves.

拟议项目的目的是提供一个基本的整合经济和社会学方法来评估预防性减少饮酒和问题的努力。这该项目的理论框架基于社会学社会规范在调节酒精中的作用的表述消费和问题率。假定社会规范提供这些行为受到限制的正式和非正式手段社会群体。社会调节作用的形式表现在限制性限制中可以看到规范酒精饮料出口的饮料和密度。非正式在社会规范的监管效应的表现规范施加的关于酒精使用的处方和禁令社会对与酒精有关的行为有期望消耗。社会学模型进一步表明有效性正式干预措施将受到非正式期望的调节关于这些行为。因此，经济有效性干预措施（例如，酒精价格或出口密度的变化）可能是由目标群体的社会规范主持。社会规范，酒精之间关系的结构模型价格，酒精出口密度以及饮酒和问题率提出了。概述了该模型的静态和动态特征以及测试介绍模型各种特征的方法。总计的来自美国的时间序列横截面状态数据将是用于评估模型的经验状态。这些数据的时间序列横截面分析将确定（1）社会规范的代替代人是否与变化纵向相关在酒精价格（由税率代表）和/或出口的变化密度，（2）这些替代物是否对饮酒率，以及（3）酒精价格和出口是否密度对酒精问题的一种措施有直接影响（致命夜间崩溃）独立于饮酒率。似乎无关的回归分析将用于确定效果是否存在酒精价格变化或酒精消耗的出口密度率和酒精问题由横断面差异调节国家之间的社会规范。这些研究的长期目标是阐明经济干预和干预措施的社会背景自己。