Mechanisms Underlying Differential Effects of Neighborhood Poverty on Problematic Adolescent Drug Use
社区贫困对问题青少年吸毒产生不同影响的机制
基本信息
- 批准号:9312260
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 15.32万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:
- 财政年份:2016
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2016-08-01 至 2017-11-30
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:AccountingAddressAdolescentAffectAgeAlcohol or Other Drugs useCharacteristicsChildCitiesConflict (Psychology)DevelopmentDrug AddictionDrug Use DisorderDrug abuseDrug usageEffectivenessEffectiveness of InterventionsEnvironmentEpidemiologistFutureGenderGoalsHealthHome visitationHourIndividualInterventionMachine LearningMediatingMediationMediator of activation proteinMental HealthMethodologyMethodsModelingNeighborhoodsOutcomePartner in relationshipPharmaceutical PreparationsPhasePoliciesPopulationPovertyPreventionPropertyRandomizedResearchRiskRoleSafetySchoolsStatistical MethodsStudentsSubgroupTarget PopulationsTechniquesTestingTrainingTranslational ResearchTweensWorkadolescent drug usebaseboysbullyingcareercostdesigndrug abuse preventionflexibilitygirlsimprovedintervention effectmethod developmentnovelpopulation basedpreventprogramsresidencesuccessful intervention
项目摘要
PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT
Where a child grows up can influence his or her risk of problematic drug use. Surprisingly, policies and
programs designed to improve neighborhood conditions have yielded conflicting results in which some children
benefit but others are harmed. Understanding the mechanisms by which neighborhoods act to affect problem-
atic drug use and how these mechanisms differ across subgroups and cities—that is, understanding where and
for whom mechanisms apply—is essential to optimize the effectiveness of future neighborhood interventions.
Mechanisms involving mediation by aspects of the school environment have been unexamined, but could prove
promising for understanding differential effects of neighborhood on problematic drug use. The objective of this
K99/R00 is to identify school-based mechanisms that mediate the relationship between neighborhood poverty
and problematic drug use and to develop statistical methods to understand how mediation effects differ across
subgroup and place. This objective contributes to the long-term goal of improving the effectiveness of interven-
tions to prevent drug abuse and dependence by tailoring interventions to address the most relevant mechanisms
of action for each target population based on place and individual-level characteristics. The K99 phase fills the
following training gaps that are critical to achieving the research objective and long-term goal: 1) methodologic
training in causal mediation analysis; 2) subject-matter training in drug abuse and dependence prevention in ur-
ban populations; and 3) involvement in real-world school-based interventions to develop methods with practical
utility. Aim 1 of the proposed research identifies the school environment mechanisms that mediate the relationship
between neighborhood poverty and adolescent problematic drug use and modifiers of those mechanisms. Aim 2
extends a statistical method recently developed by the proposed research team for generalizing intervention ef-
fects from one city to another to generalizing mediation effects. Finally, Aim 3 uses the method developed in Aim
2 to identify how the school environment mechanisms mediating neighborhood poverty and problematic drug use
differ across major U.S. cities. The proposed research is expected to identify school-based mechanisms underly-
ing differential effects of neighborhood poverty on adolescent problematic drug use by subgroup and place using
the only study of randomized neighborhood residence. In addition, it is expected to contribute a novel statistical
method that incorporates cutting-edge machine learning techniques to identify which mediation mechanisms can
generalize across place, advancing translational research. Successful interventions are assumed to work in differ-
ent settings, but that is not the case in practice. The proposed research will allow us to predict intervention effects
while accounting for differences in population composition and modifiers of the mediation mechanism. This will
make a significant contribution to improving health by informing the design and targeting of future neighborhood
interventions to adolescents and places that may be most impacted in terms of problematic drug use prevention.
项目概要/摘要
令人惊讶的是,孩子的成长环境可能会影响他或她吸毒问题的风险。
旨在改善邻里条件的计划产生了相互矛盾的结果,一些儿童
了解社区影响问题的机制。
药物滥用以及这些机制在亚群体和城市之间有何不同,即了解药物使用的地点和地点
机制适用于谁——对于优化未来邻里干预措施的有效性至关重要。
涉及学校环境各方面调解的机制尚未经过审查,但可以证明
有望了解社区对有问题的药物使用的不同影响。
K99/R00 旨在确定调解邻里贫困之间关系的校本机制
和有问题的药物使用,并开发统计方法来了解不同人群的中介效应有何不同
这一目标有助于实现提高干预措施有效性的长期目标。
通过调整干预措施以解决最相关的机制来预防药物滥用和依赖
根据地点和个人层面的特征为每个目标人群制定行动方案。
以下培训差距对于实现研究目标和长期目标至关重要:1)方法论
因果调解分析培训;2) 乌拉圭药物滥用和依赖性预防主题培训;
3)参与现实世界中的学校干预,以开发实用的方法
拟议研究的目标 1 确定调节这种关系的学校环境机制。
社区贫困与青少年吸毒问题之间的关系以及这些机制的修正。
扩展了拟议研究小组最近开发的统计方法,用于概括干预效果
最后,Aim 3 使用 Aim 中开发的方法。
2 确定学校环境如何调节邻里贫困和有问题的药物使用机制
美国主要城市的情况有所不同,拟议的研究预计将确定基于学校的机制。
按亚组和使用地点划分,邻里贫困对青少年问题药物使用的不同影响
此外,它有望提供一种新颖的统计数据。
结合尖端机器学习技术来识别哪些中介机制可以
跨地方推广,推进转化研究,假设在不同的地方发挥作用。
但实际情况并非如此,拟议的研究将使我们能够预测干预效果。
同时考虑人口构成的差异和调解机制的修正因素。
通过为未来社区的设计和目标提供信息,为改善健康做出重大贡献
对青少年和在预防有问题的吸毒方面可能受影响最严重的地方进行干预。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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Kara Elizabeth Rudolph其他文献
Kara Elizabeth Rudolph的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Kara Elizabeth Rudolph', 18)}}的其他基金
Role of disability and pain in opioid overdose: mechanism and risk mitigation
残疾和疼痛在阿片类药物过量中的作用:机制和风险缓解
- 批准号:
10580733 - 财政年份:2022
- 资助金额:
$ 15.32万 - 项目类别:
Design and analysis advances to improve generalizability of clinical trials for treating opioid use disorder
设计和分析的进展可提高治疗阿片类药物使用障碍的临床试验的普遍性
- 批准号:
10490616 - 财政年份:2022
- 资助金额:
$ 15.32万 - 项目类别:
Role of disability and pain in opioid overdose: mechanism and risk mitigation
残疾和疼痛在阿片类药物过量中的作用:机制和风险缓解
- 批准号:
10362026 - 财政年份:2022
- 资助金额:
$ 15.32万 - 项目类别:
Design and analysis advances to improve generalizability of clinical trials for treating opioid use disorder
设计和分析的进展可提高治疗阿片类药物使用障碍的临床试验的普遍性
- 批准号:
10701751 - 财政年份:2022
- 资助金额:
$ 15.32万 - 项目类别:
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