CATARACT AND ARM EFFECTS ON VISUAL PERFORMANCE

白内障和手臂对视力的影响

基本信息

批准号：
2430342
负责人：
GARY S RUBIN
金额：
$ 26.53万
依托单位：
JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
1986
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1986-01-01 至 1999-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2430342
关键词：
aging behavioral /social science research tag cataract surgery disabling disease functional ability human subject human therapy evaluation macular degeneration physical model psychophysics quality of life reading vision tests visual perception

项目摘要

Age-related maculopathy (ARM) is the leading cause of severe visual impairment among older persons. From population-based studies it is estimated that over half of eyes with ARM also have cataract. Over the past two decades advances in cataract surgery have resulted in a procedure that is highly effective and involves very low risk. But frequently the surgery is postponed for ARM patients because it is felt that the benefits of removing the cataract would be minimal and outweighed by even a modest risk of vision loss due to surgical complications. The determination of the benefit of cataract surgery is usually based primarily on visual acuity. But is widely recognized that one also needs to consider the impact of the cataract on the patient's ability to perform essential activities related to self care and vocational needs. Considerable work has been done to establish the benefits of cataract surgery for patients without retinal pathology. But we still know very little about the benefits of cataract surgery in patients with retinal pathology. The overall goal of this project is to develop a set of techniques that will allow us to determine the potential benefits of cataract surgery in patients with ARM. A series of psychophysical studies is planned that will better characterize the visual effects of nuclear and cortical lens opacities. Cataracts will be modelled as a spatial-frequency dependent reduction in retinal image contrast and as a reduction in retinal illumination. The validity of this model will be established in patients undergoing routine cataract surgery. The combined effects of cataracts and ARM on reading, face recognition, other everyday visual activities, and health-related quality of life will be assessed by a combination of objective performance-based tests and questionnaires. A comprehensive battery of vision tests will be developed to differentiate ARM patients in whom cataract has a significant disabling impact from ARM patients whose visual function is not limited by the presence of cataract. The results of these studies will provide a rational basis for the development of surgical guidelines for cataract extraction in patients with ARM.

与年龄相关的刺病（ARM）是严重视觉的主要原因老年人的损害。从基于人群的研究是据估计，用手臂的一半以上的眼睛也患有白内障。在过去二十年的白内障手术进展已导致了一项程序这是非常有效的，涉及非常低的风险。但是经常手术患者的手术被推迟，因为感觉到好处去除白内障的时间很小，甚至谦虚地超过由于手术并发症引起的视力丧失风险。确定白内障手术的好处通常主要基于视觉敏锐度。但是人们广泛认识到，也需要考虑白内障对患者执行必不可少的能力的影响与自我护理和职业需求有关的活动。大量工作已经完成了为患者建立白内障手术的好处没有视网膜病理。但是我们仍然对白内障手术对视网膜病理患者的好处。这该项目的总体目标是开发一套技术允许我们确定白内障手术的潜在益处手臂的患者。计划了一系列心理物理研究更好地表征核和皮质镜头的视觉效果不熟悉。白内障将建模为依赖空间频率视网膜对比度的减少和视网膜的减少照明。该模型的有效性将在患者中建立进行常规白内障手术。白内障和阅读，面部识别，其他日常视觉活动以及与健康相关的生活质量将通过结合基于客观绩效的测试和问卷。全面将开发一系列视力测试，以区分ARM患者谁白内障对手臂患者产生重大残疾影响视觉功能不受白内障的存在限制。结果这些研究将为发展提供合理的基础手臂患者白内障指定的手术指南。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（13）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Are the benefits of sentence context different in central and peripheral vision?

DOI：
10.1097/00006324-199911000-00025
发表时间：
1999-11
期刊：
Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry
影响因子：
0
作者：
E. M. Fine;C. Hazel;K. L. Petre;G. Rubin
通讯作者：
E. M. Fine;C. Hazel;K. L. Petre;G. Rubin

Reading with eccentric fixation is faster in inferior visual field than in left visual field.

下视野中偏心注视的阅读速度比左视野中的阅读速度更快。

DOI：
10.1097/00006324-200001000-00011
发表时间：
2000
期刊：
Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry
影响因子：
0
作者：
Petre,KL;Hazel,CA;Fine,EM;Rubin,GS
通讯作者：
Rubin,GS

Visual function after surgery for early cataract.

早期白内障手术后的视觉功能。