Pediatric volumetric ultrasound scanner

儿科体积超声扫描仪

• 批准号: 10739411
• 负责人: Katherine W Ferrara
• 金额: $ 55.83万
• 依托单位: STANFORD UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-07-07 至 2027-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10739411
• 关键词: 3-Dimensional; Abdomen; Abdominal Pain; Acceleration; Acoustics; Address; Adult; Anatomy; Anesthesia procedures; Biological Assay; Blood Flow Velocity; Blood Vessels; Blood flow; Buffers; California; Cancerous; Cardiology; Child; Childhood; Color; Computer software; Cyst; Data; Dedications; Dependence; Detection; Development; Diagnosis; Electronics; Elements; Goals; Heart Valves; Image; Imaging Device; Intervention; Ionizing radiation; Kidney; Lesion; Liquid substance; Liver; Location; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Maps; Measurement; Motion; Myocardium; Organ Size; Patients; Pediatric cohort; Pediatrics; Penetration; Phase; Physiology; Population; Protocols documentation; Radiation; Radiology Specialty; Resolution; Scanning; Signal Transduction; Slice; Speed; Structural defect; Structure; System; Technology; Testing; Thick; Time; Tissues; Transducers; Trauma; Ultrasonography; Universities; Vision; Visualization; angiogenesis; assessment application; bone; contrast imaging; cost; data visualization; design; fetal; flexibility; follow-up; imaging capabilities; imaging study; imaging system; improved; integrated circuit; kidney imaging; liver imaging; meter; operation; pediatric patients; radiologist; real-time images; reconstruction; software development; three-dimensional visualization; tool; two-dimensional; ultrasound; volunteer

Hundreds of millions of ultrasound (US) exams are performed each year worldwide. Typical limitations of conventional US imaging include operator dependence, limited field of view, limited contrast, and diffraction- limited resolution. Volumetric imaging has the potential to create an operator-independent acquisition protocol, and ultrafast US acquisition has opened new opportunities to address field-of-view and contrast issues. Our extended aperture approach applied here addresses spatial resolution limitations as well. With high resolution, real-time imaging capabilities and the lack of ionizing radiation, US has great promise for imaging pediatric patients; in particular, for children under 3 who cannot be imaged with MRI or CT without anesthesia, the development of a high-resolution volumetric US scanner would be transformative. In particular, we set out to image the pediatric liver and kidney within ~0.1 second, which requires a technological leap. New ASIC switch matrices will enable high speed acquisition and GPU-based partial beam formation enables the visualization of the 3D data. Reconstruction of the 3D vascular structure facilitates image-based recognition of the anatomical location of a lesion. Ultrafast SVD Doppler imaging allows the visualization of very small blood vessels with blood flow velocities as low as 4 mm/s. Abdominal pain is very common in children and US is frequently used to determine the cause. Accurate volumetric measurements of the kidney are problematic due to patient motion and operator-dependent scanning. Assaying the liver and abdomen, particularly in the context of trauma are similarly important. Thus, we seek to create this real-time imaging tool with resolution that exceeds CT and MR but without the need for anesthesia or radiation. Using 1024 active system channels with integrated GPU beamformers, we will create 2 transducers to span the needs of children for this technology, with spatial resolution at 5 cm (~300 (azimuth) x 600 (elevation) x 300 (depth) µm) that should exceed that offered by MRI or CT by several fold. The array will be realized using tiled modules that can be switched in a mode-dependent fashion to accomplish B-mode imaging, color Doppler and contrast imaging. Over the past four years, Stanford University and the University of Southern California have designed an adult extended-aperture abdominal- imaging system, and demonstrated the improved spatial resolution, field of view and contrast that can be achieved. We exploit these tools here to develop a dedicated pediatric volumetric scanner. Our aims to accomplish this are to 1) create and integrate acoustic/electronic transducers to implement signal buffering and multiplexing; and 2) develop volumetric software and conduct pediatric imaging studies as a proof of concept. We will develop the software and systems, test the system components on adult volunteers and phantoms, and develop 3D volumetric processing. We will image a cohort of pediatric patients spanning 3D kidney volumetric mapping, detection and mapping of previously detected liver lesions. In each case, MRI will provide the gold standard.

每年在全球范围内进行数亿（美国）考试。典型的限制 常规的美国成像包括操作员依赖性，有限的视野，有限的对比度和衍射 - 有限的分辨率。体积成像有可能创建与操作员无关的采集协议， Ultrafast US的收购为解决视野和对比问题提供了新的机会。我们的 此处采用的扩展光圈方法也解决了空间分辨率的限制。具有高分辨率， 实时成像功能和缺乏电离辐射，美国对小儿有很大的希望 患者;特别是，对于3岁以下的儿童，他们不能没有麻醉的MRI或CT成像， 高分辨率体积的美国扫描仪的开发将具有变革性。特别是，我们着手 在约0.1秒内对小儿肝脏和肾脏进行图像，这需要技术飞跃。新的ASIC开关 矩阵将使高速获取和基于GPU的部分光束形成能够可视化 3D数据。 3D血管结构重建基于图像的解剖学识别 病变的位置。超快SVD多普勒成像允许可视化非常小的血管 流速低至4 mm/s。腹痛在儿童中很常见，我们经常习惯 确定原因。 由于患者的运动，肾脏的准确测量值是有问题的 和依赖操作员的扫描。分析肝脏和腹部，特别是在创伤的背景下 同样重要。这是我们寻求以超过CT和MR的分辨率来创建这个实时成像工具 但是无需麻醉或辐射。使用与集成GPU的1024个活动系统通道 波束形式，我们将创建2个传感器，以跨越儿童对这项技术的需求，并使用空间 分辨率为5 cm（〜300（Azimuth）x 600（高程）x 300（深度）µm，应超过MRI提供的分辨率 或CT换几倍。阵列将使用可以在模式下切换的瓷砖模块来实现 完成B模式成像，颜色多普勒和对比成像的时尚。在过去的四年中，斯坦福 大学和南加州大学设计了一个成年的腹部扩展孔径 - 成像系统，并展示了可以改善的空间分辨率，视野和对比度可以是 成就了。我们在此处利用这些工具来开发专用的小儿体积扫描仪。我们的目标 完成此操作的是1）创建和集成声学/电子传感器以实现信号缓冲和 多路复用； 2）开发体积软件并进行小儿成像研究作为概念证明。 我们将开发软件和系统，在成人志愿者和幻影上测试系统组件，以及 开发3D体积处理。我们将图像跨越3D肾脏体积的小儿患者队列 先前检测到的肝病变的映射，检测和映射。在每种情况下，MRI都会提供黄金 标准。