The significance of nominally non-responsive neural dynamics in auditory perception and behavior

名义上无反应的神经动力学在听觉感知和行为中的意义

• 批准号: 10634831
• 负责人: Michele Insanally
• 金额: $ 7.66万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-06-01 至 2023-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10634831
• 关键词: Acoustics; Adaptive Behaviors; Address; Animals; Attention; Auditory; Auditory Perception; Auditory Prosthesis; Auditory area; Auditory system; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Cells; Cellular Phone; Central Auditory Processing Disorder; Clinical; Cochlear Implants; Computer Systems; Diagnosis; Disease; Electrophysiology (science); Environment; Fire - disasters; Goals; Infant; Injury; Learning; Life; Locomotion; Measures; Neurons; Perception; Perceptual learning; Play; Population; Process; Prosthesis; Rattus; Role; Signal Transduction; System; Treatment Efficacy; Work; auditory pathway; computerized tools; experimental study; flexibility; hearing impairment; improved; in vivo; insight; meetings; optogenetics; rehabilitation strategy; relating to nervous system; sound; targeted treatment

The auditory system is often challenged with the task of assigning behavioral meaning to sounds: the cry of an infant immediately commands your attention, a fire alarm signals the need for a hasty departure, and the familiar sound of your cell phone causes an early exit from a meeting. How does the brain accomplish this seemingly effortless feat? A network of regions in the brain are implicated in the act of auditory perception, but even regions thought to be primarily concerned with the representation of sounds have cells that seem unmoved by the behaviorally-relevant acoustic inputs. These “nominally non-responsive cells” are highly prevalent, underexplored, and may provide key insights into how the brain accomplishes auditory-related learning and contextualizes audition. For example, there is emerging evidence that these cells are important for generating flexible behaviors. Developing a systems-level understanding of these widely observed but rarely analyzed neurons is essential for relating auditory-related behavior to neural activity in the auditory pathway and may yield critical insights into rehabilitation strategies for cochlear-implant (CI) users as CI stimulation can result in highly variable cortical activation. This proposal will investigate how nominally non-responsive cells emerge and evolve over auditory learning to construct flexible neuronal representations in a central auditory pathway. I aim to dissect the local and long- range circuit dynamics that modulate nominally non-responsive activity during learning and discover how these dynamics gate auditory learning and perception. This proposal leverages cutting-edge electrophysiological recordings in behaving rats, optogenetic manipulation, and computational tools to address the following aim: Determine how auditory circuits are modulated in a central auditory axis during learning (Aim 2). The results from this work will provide critical insights into how animals process sounds with behavioral significance and remain flexible in behaviorally challenging environments. Clarification of the specific role each auditory station plays in generating adaptive behaviors will have implications for improving diagnosis and treatment of hearing deficits caused by disease or injury as well as auditory prosthetic devices to enhance auditory perception. In these cases, we lack clinically proven measures for whether the activity of highly variable neurons is normal, which makes judging the efficacy of treatments at the neural level challenging. Determining the relevance and utility of this large population of highly variable cells to auditory learning and perception is the goal of this proposal.

听觉系统经常面临为声音分配行为意义的任务： 婴儿立即引起您的注意，火警信号表明需要匆忙离开，而熟悉的 手机的声音会导致提前退出会议，大脑似乎是如何实现这一点的。 大脑中的区域网络与听觉感知的行为有关，但甚至是区域网络 被认为主要与声音表示有关的细胞似乎不受声音的影响 这些“名义上无反应的细胞”非常普遍， 尚未得到充分探索，可能为大脑如何完成与听觉相关的学习和 例如，有新的证据表明这些细胞对于生成听觉很重要。 对这些广泛观察但很少分析的行为形成系统级的理解。 神经元对于将听觉相关行为与听觉通路中的神经活动联系起来至关重要，并且可能产生 对人工耳蜗 (CI) 用户康复策略的重要见解，因为 CI 刺激可能会导致 可变的皮质激活。 该提案将研究名义上无反应的细胞如何在听觉学习中出现和进化 我的目标是在中枢听觉通路中构建灵活的神经表征。 范围电路动态调节学习过程中名义上的无反应活动，并发现这些活动如何 该提案利用了尖端的电生理学。 记录老鼠的行为、光遗传学操作和计算工具，以实现以下目标： 确定学习过程中听觉回路如何在中央听觉轴上进行调制（目标 2）。 这项工作将为动物如何处理具有行为意义的声音提供重要的见解， 在行为具有挑战性的环境中保持灵活性 澄清每个听觉站的具体作用。 产生适应性行为的游戏将对改善听力诊断和治疗产生影响 由疾病或受伤引起的缺陷以及增强听觉感知的听觉假体装置。 在这些病例中，我们缺乏临床证明的措施来衡量高度可变的神经元的活动是否正常， 这使得在神经水平上判断治疗效果具有挑战性。 这一大量高度可变的细胞对听觉学习和感知的效用是本研究的目标 提议。

项目成果

Long-term recording reliability of liquid crystal polymer µECoG arrays.

• DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/aae39d
• 发表时间: 2018-12
• 期刊: Journal of neural engineering
• 影响因子: 4
• 作者: Woods V;Trumpis M;Bent B;Palopoli-Trojani K;Chiang CH;Wang C;Yu C;Insanally MN;Froemke RC;Viventi J
• 通讯作者: Viventi J