Cyclical Alterations In Neurocognitive Performance And Mood Over Two Years In Relation To Pesticide Spray Seasons Among Adolescent And Young Adult Participants Of The Espina Study.

Espina 研究的青少年和年轻人参与者两年内与农药喷洒季节相关的神经认知表现和情绪的周期性变化。

• 批准号: 10624787
• 负责人: Raeanne Cristine Moore
• 金额: $ 59.63万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-04-01 至 2027-02-28
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10624787
• 关键词: 2019-nCoV; Acetylcholinesterase; Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adolescent and Young Adult; Affect; Age; Aggressive behavior; Agriculture; Agrochemicals; Americas; Anxiety; Assessment tool; Attention; Biological Markers; Blood; Brain; COVID-19; California; Carbamates; Cellular Phone; Child; Cognition; Cognitive; Complex; County; Development Plans; Disease; Economics; Ecuador; Ecuadorian; Environment; Environmental Exposure; Environmental Health; Environmental Pollutants; Epidemiology; Exposure to; Flowers; Funding; Future; Health; Health Technology; Immunoglobulin G; Impulsivity; Industry; Insecticides; Knowledge; Link; Measures; Memory; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Mental disorders; Moods; Natural experiment; Neurocognitive; Neurodevelopmental Disability; Nutritional; Organophosphates; Outcome; Participant; Performance; Persons; Pesticides; Population; Process; Prospective, cohort study; Psyche structure; Public Health; Reaction Time; Recurrence; Research; Risk Assessment; Sampling; Schedule; Seasons; Short-Term Memory; Standardization; Substance abuse problem; Surveys; Symptoms; System; Testing; Toxicology; United States National Institutes of Health; Universities; Work; Youth; aged; agricultural community; agricultural pesticide; brain health; cholinergic; cognitive change; cognitive performance; cognitive testing; cohort; community based participatory research; depressive symptoms; design; disability; externalizing behavior; follow-up; girls; health assessment; human data; improved; individual variation; mHealth; mood regulation; neurobehavior; neurobehavioral; neurotoxic; novel; pesticide exposure; processing speed; prospective; psychosocial; psychosocial stressors; pyrethroid; sex; smartphone based assessment; stressor; toxic organophosphate insecticide exposure; urinary; young adult

Today, 20% of adolescents and 26% of young adults have a diagnosable internalizing (e.g. anxiety, depression) or externalizing problem (e.g. impulsivity, aggression, conduct disorders). Neurodevelopmental disabilities and mental health disorders in adolescents and young adults have increased over the last two decades worldwide, and environmental contaminants may explain a part of this increase. The most used insecticides worldwide include organophosphates (OPs: inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase (AChE)), pyrethroids and neonicotinoids. Toxicological and epidemiological evidence links OP exposure with altered neurocognitive performance. Additionally, a small number of studies have described associations with internalizing symptoms and some externalizing behaviors (i.e. low inhibitory control). It is plausible neonicotinoids may also affect brain processes as they share some toxicological mechanisms like OPs and emerging findings indicate pyrethroids may affect brain processes and neurobehavior. Further, emerging studies suggest that pesticides may transiently affect cognitive performance and mood. Assessing transient health outcomes is complex, which has led to limited knowledge on this field. We propose a renewal of our 2016 study of adolescents and young adults (ages 18-23 years in 2022, n≈554) and builds on the planned 2022 follow-up exam of the NIH-funded Study of Secondary Pesticide Exposures among Children and Adolescents (ESPINA). The proposed study incorporates a novel mobile health assessment tool to evaluate the real-world neurotoxic effects of pesticides. ESPINA is a study established in 2008 of participants residing in Pedro Moncayo, Ecuador, a county with one of the highest concentrations of flower plantations in the Americas. Leveraging our smartphone-based ecological momentary cognitive testing (EMCT) platform, we will assess whether recurring and seasonal pesticide exposures in adolescence and young adulthood affect cognition and mental health. Using a burst sampling design 5 times/year for 2 years during high- and low-pesticide spray seasons, we will test the hypotheses: 1) pesticide spray seasons are associated with cyclical alterations in internalizing symptoms, externalizing behaviors, and cognitive performance assessed using EMCT; 2) pesticide exposures (AChE inhibition and OP and pyrethroid urinary pesticide metabolites) assessed during 5 agricultural periods are related to elevated depressive and externalizing symptoms, and decreased cognitive performance assessed using EMCT; 3) Urinary pesticide metabolites (OP, neonicotinoids, pyrethroids) are associated with increased mental health symptoms from 2016 to 2022 when all participants were adolescents, and whether age, sex and COVID-19-related factors (e.g., exposure; psychosocial stressors) modify the associations between environmental exposures and mental health. Identifying cognitive and mental health sequelae related to agricultural pesticide spray seasons on people living in agricultural settings will advance this understudied field of research and has significant implications for public health.

如今，20％的青少年和26％的年轻人具有诊断性内在化（例如焦虑，抑郁） 或外部化问题（例如，冲动，侵略性，行为障碍）。神经发育障碍和 在全球过去二十年中，青少年和年轻人的心理健康障碍有所增加， 环境污染物可能解释了这一增加的一部分。全球最常用的杀虫剂 包括有机磷酸盐（OPS：乙酰胆碱酯酶（ACHE）），拟甲虫素和新烟碱类动物的抑制剂。 毒理学和流行病学证据将OP暴露与神经认知性能的改变联系起来。 此外，少数研究描述了与内在符号的关联和一些 外部化行为（即低抑制性控制）。它是合理的新烟碱也可能影响大脑 当它们共享某些毒理学机制（例如OPS和新兴发现）的过程表明拟除虫菊酯 可能会影响大脑过程和神经行为。此外，新兴研究表明农药可能 瞬时影响认知表现和情绪。评估瞬态健康结果是复杂的，它具有 导致对该领域的知识有限。我们建议对我们2016年的青少年和年轻人的研究更新 （2022年18至23岁，N≈554），并在计划的2022年《 NIH资助的研究》的后续考试中建立 儿童和青少年（ESPINA）中的二级农药暴露。拟议的研究结合了 新型移动健康评估工具，以评估农药的现实神经毒性作用。 Espina是一个 研究成立于2008年，居住在厄瓜多尔的佩德罗·蒙卡约（Pedro Moncayo）的参与者是一个最高的县 美洲花植物的浓度。利用我们的基于智能手机的生态瞬间 认知测试（EMCT）平台，我们将评估是否在 青少年和年轻成年会影响认知和心理健康。使用突发采样设计5 在高农药喷雾季节期间2年的时间/年，我们将测试假设：1）农药 喷雾季节与内在症状，外在行为和 使用EMCT评估认知表现； 2）农药暴露（ACHE抑制和OP和拟除虫菊酯 在5个农业时期评估的尿农药代谢物）与抑郁症升高有关 外在化症状，并改善了使用EMCT评估的认知表现； 3）尿农药 代谢产物（OP，新烟碱，拟除虫菊酯）与来自心理健康症状的增加有关 2016年至2022年，当所有参与者均为青少年时，以及年龄，性别和与19岁的相关因素（例如， 接触;社会心理压力源）修改环境暴露与心理之间的关联 健康。识别与农药喷雾季节有关的认知和心理健康后遗症 生活在农业环境中的人们将推动这一知识的研究领域，并具有重要的 对公共卫生的影响。