INVESTIGATING HOW NOVELTY ENHANCES FEAR LEARNING & MEMORY

调查新奇事物如何增强恐惧学习

• 批准号: 10580151
• 负责人: Victor A Cazares
• 金额: $ 43.51万
• 依托单位: WILLIAMS COLLEGE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-02-01 至 2026-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10580151
• 关键词: Ablation; Affect; Amygdaloid structure; Animals; Anxiety; Attenuated; Behavior; Brain; Conditioned Stimulus; Cues; Data; Disease; Dorsal; Environment; Exposure to; Extinction; Fluorescence; Fright; Future; Genetic; Genotype; Goals; Hippocampus; Human; Hybrids; Immunofluorescence Immunologic; Individual; Investigation; Knowledge; Label; Learning; Maps; Measures; Medial; Mediating; Memory; Modernization; Mouse Strains; Mus; Neurons; Neurosciences; Outcome; Patients; Pattern; Phenotype; Prefrontal Cortex; Relapse; Reporter; Research; Rodent Model; Role; Shapes; Students; Testing; Therapeutic; Time; Training; Transgenic Organisms; Trauma; anxiety-related disorders; college; conditioned fear; design; empowerment; experience; experimental study; individual variation; insight; interest; learning extinction; memory recall; neural; neural circuit; neuromechanism; novel; novel strategies; recruit; response; tool

Project Summary We will study a highly characterized forms of learning, fear extinction (FE), which is known to underlie several maladaptive phenotypes in trauma- and anxiety-related disorders. Exposure therapy is largely based on fear FE, during which individuals are repeatedly exposed to a fear-conditioned stimulus in the absence of the aversive outcome, leading to a gradual decrease in the fear response. FE training is believed to create a new memory that inhibits learned fear responses. Previous research suggests that the activation of neurons encoding FE memories rapidly wanes over time, resulting in poor FE recall and the return of fear. We and others have found that exposure to novelty enhances FE learning. In this proposal we seek: (1) to determine the specific parameters under which novelty enhances FE learning; (2) to interrogate the role of the hippocampus modulating the FE-enhancing effects of novelty; and (3) to map how neural activation patterns are altered in the presence or absence of novelty during FE. Finally, given the high individual variation in the responsiveness to exposure therapy among humans, we will investigate the role of genetic background in shaping functional relationships between the efficacy of FE and neural activation.

项目概要 我们将研究一种高度特征化的学习形式——恐惧消退（FE），众所周知，它是多种学习形式的基础。 创伤和焦虑相关疾病的适应不良表型。暴露疗法很大程度上是基于恐惧 FE，在此期间，个体在没有恐惧的情况下反复暴露于恐惧条件刺激下 厌恶的结果，导致恐惧反应逐渐减弱。有限元培训被认为可以创造一种新的 抑制习得性恐惧反应的记忆。先前的研究表明，神经元的激活 随着时间的推移，对有限元记忆的编码会迅速减弱，导致有限元记忆的丧失和恐惧的回归。我们和 其他人发现接触新奇事物可以增强有限元学习。在本提案中，我们寻求：(1) 确定 新颖性增强有限元学习的具体参数； (2)询问角色 海马体调节新奇事物的 FE 增强效果； (3) 绘制神经激活模式的图谱 在 FE 期间，无论是否存在新颖性，都会发生改变。最后，考虑到个体差异很大 人类对暴露疗法的反应，我们将研究遗传背景在其中的作用 塑造 FE 功效与神经激活之间的函数关系。