Spectro-temporal interactions in electric and acoustic auditory perception

电和声听觉感知中的谱时相互作用

• 批准号: 10614307
• 负责人: Andrew J. Oxenham
• 金额: $ 8.97万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-03-01 至 2024-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10614307
• 关键词: Acoustics; Address; Age; Aging; Auditory; Auditory Perception; Behavioral; Cochlear Implants; Code; Cues; Elderly; Environment; Goals; Hearing Aids; Implant; Individual Differences; Lead; Linguistics; Measures; Noise; Outcome; Patients; Perception; Peripheral; Persons; Population; Property; Psychoacoustics; Rehabilitation therapy; Research; Sampling; Speech; Speech Perception; Stimulus; Technology; Testing; Training; Voice; auditory processing; experience; hearing impairment; improved; insight; normal hearing; performance based measurement; rehabilitation strategy; relating to nervous system; signal processing; treatment strategy

Despite considerable progress in cochlear implant (CI) technology over the past three decades, speech perception via a CI remains considerably poorer than with normal hearing (NH), particularly in noisy backgrounds. Similar difficulties, although often to a lesser extent, are experienced by hearing-impaired (HI) listeners, whose hearing loss is not severe enough to warrant a CI, even after hearing-aid fitting. The long-term goal of this research is to improve auditory and speech perception via CIs and hearing aids, through a greater understanding of the basic mechanisms that contribute to, and limit, the perception of speech in challenging acoustic conditions. This goal is addressed through three specific aims. The first aim is to combine behavioral and non-invasive neural measures to better understand auditory context effects in NH, HI, and CI populations. Context effects are a crucial part of our perceptual experience, and help to maintain perceptual constancy – the ability to recognize objects, voices, and words, in the face of different room acoustics, talker properties, and varying background noise. Little is known about how context effects are altered by aging, hearing loss, or CIs. The second aim is to study acoustic and linguistic context effects in speech, and to understand how age and hearing loss interact with this important class of context effects. The third aim is to understand the peripheral and more central contributions to individual differences in the outcomes of CI users. It is often assumed that peripheral and implant-related factors can explain a significant proportion of the variance in CI outcomes. This aim will provide a direct test of the assumption by comparing the variability among CI users with the estimated population variance among younger and older NH listeners under degraded listening conditions in both psychoacoustic and speech-based measures of performance, using larger samples than have been tested in the past. Overall, the results will provide new insights into the spectro-temporal processing of auditory and speech stimuli by NH, HI, and CI populations that will help in the treatment and rehabilitation strategies for people with hearing loss. Treatments include the incorporation of missing context effects that assist perception in varying acoustic conditions via signal processing in hearing aids and CIs, and rehabilitation may include training strategies that accelerate the ability of HI and CI patients to utilize linguistic context cues in everyday conversational environments.

尽管过去三十年人工耳蜗 (CI) 技术取得了长足进步，但语音 通过 CI 的感知仍然比正常听力 (NH) 差很多，尤其是在嘈杂的环境中 听力障碍者 (HI) 也会遇到类似的困难，尽管程度较轻。 即使在长期佩戴助听器后，其听力损失也没有严重到需要进行 CI 的程度。 这项研究的目标是通过 CI 和助听器改善听觉和言语感知，通过更大的 了解在挑战中促进和限制言语感知的基本机制 该目标通过三个具体目标来实现。第一个目标是结合行为。 和非侵入性神经测量，以更好地了解 NH、HI 和 CI 人群的听觉环境影响。 情境效应是我们感知体验的重要组成部分，有助于保持感知的恒定性—— 面对不同的房间声学、说话者属性和特征，识别物体、声音和单词的能力 关于环境效应如何因衰老、听力损失或 CI 而改变，人们知之甚少。 第二个目标是研究语音中的声学和语言语境效应，并了解年龄和语言对语音的影响。 听力损失与这一类重要的情境效应相互作用。第三个目标是了解周围环境。 以及对 CI 用户结果的个体差异更重要的贡献 人们通常认为： 外周因素和种植体相关因素可以解释 CI 结果差异的很大一部分。 目标将通过将 CI 用户之间的变异性与估计值进行比较来提供对假设的直接检验 年轻和年长 NH 听众在收听条件较差的情况下的人口差异 基于心理声学和言语的性能测量，使用比已测试的更大的样本 总的来说，这些结果将为听觉和听觉的频谱时间处理提供新的见解。 NH、HI 和 CI 人群的言语刺激将有助于治疗和康复策略 听力损失患者的治疗方法包括纳入有助于感知的缺失情境效应。 通过助听器和 CI 中的信号处理来适应不同的声学条件，康复可能包括 提高 HI 和 CI 患者在日常生活中利用语言环境线索的能力的培训策略 对话环境。