Reducing HIV/Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI) Risk Behaviors among Juvenile Offenders on Probation: A Mobile Mindfulness-Based Intervention

减少缓刑青少年罪犯的艾滋病毒/性传播感染 (STI) 风险行为：基于正念的移动干预措施

• 批准号: 10560510
• 负责人: Ashley D. Kendall
• 金额: $ 24.9万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-03-01 至 2025-02-28
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10560510
• 关键词: 17 year old; Address; Adolescent; Adult; African American; Agreement; Area; Award; Back; Cellular Phone; Charge; Chicago; Collaborations; Communities; County; Crime; Data; Data Collection; Development; Educational workshop; Emotions; Enrollment; Ethnic Population; Evidence based intervention; Exercise; Feedback; Female; Focus Groups; Foundations; Future; Goals; HIV; Health; Health Promotion; Intervention; Intervention Studies; Justice; Measures; Mediating; Mentors; Mentorship; Methods; Modification; Perception; Persons; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Phase; Positioning Attribute; Preparation; Public Health; Randomized; Randomized, Controlled Trials; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Risk Taking; Running; STI prevention; Science; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; System; Target Populations; Teaching Method; Testing; Time; Training; United States; Violence; Youth; acceptability and feasibility; career; comparison control; cooking; cost; design; effectiveness testing; efficacy testing; efficacy trial; emotion regulation; evidence base; experience; follow-up; high risk; high risk sexual behavior; improved; infection risk; innovation; intervention delivery; juvenile delinquent; juvenile justice system; mHealth; male; meetings; mindfulness; mindfulness intervention; mobile application; offender; post intervention; preventive intervention; probation; programs; racial population; recidivism; recruit; reduced substance use; service intervention; sexual risk taking; skills; smartphone application; substance use; symposium; therapy design; therapy development; trial design; violent crime

The applicant seeks this K99/R00 award to achieve research independence in intervention science, with a focus on improving emotion regulation and reducing substance use, violent behavior, and sexual risk taking among vulnerable youth. Juvenile offenders (JOs)—who are disproportionately African American—are at high risk for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/sexually transmitted infections (STI) due in part to elevations in three interrelated areas underpinned by poor emotion regulation: substance use, violent behavior, and sexual risk taking. Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) improve emotion regulation and may thereby reduce HIV/STI risk. However, the effects of MBIs on substance use, violence, and sexual risk taking among JOs are unknown. Importantly, nearly 80% of juveniles are released back into the community on probation following arrest, typically without evidence-based intervention services, positioning them for ongoing risk behavior. Given limited resources within the juvenile justice system, mobile interventions delivered by app are a promising method of reaching these youth. This point is underscored by the fact that African American youth are the racial/ethnic group most likely to own and regularly use smartphones. The applicant thus proposes to adapt an existing app comprised of evidence-based MBI methods in order to specifically address HIV/STI risk behaviors among male and female JOs 13-17 years old on probation (K99 phase), conduct an alpha test of the adapted app (K99 phase), and then run a rigorous test of its efficacy (R00 phase). During the K99 phase, she will collaborate with the makers of the existing MBI app to program modifications to their platform based on focus group feedback (n = 3 groups with n = 5-8 JOs/group), and then address any necessary refinements identified during alpha testing (n = 10 JOs). During the R00 phase, JOs will be randomly assigned to the adapted MBI app (n = 100) or an equally intensive health promotion control app (n = 100). In both conditions, youth will be prompted to complete 10 minutes of guided intervention activity daily for 30 days. Emotion regulation, substance use, violent behavior, and sexual risk taking will be assessed at baseline, post intervention, and six months. The coordinated training plan will allow the applicant to build on her strong foundation in emotion regulation and risk taking in vulnerable youth, developing new skills in three areas critical to her independence: (1) adaptation and design of interventions for high-risk youth, (2) mobile intervention delivery, and (3) efficacy testing. During the K99 Phase, her mentorship team will draw on its sustained track record in mentoring junior scholars to full independence. This will be accomplished through regular meetings, directed readings, hands- on tutorials, and support of her activity in workshops, courses, and conferences. Completion of the R00 phase will generate data to support a future R01 application to test effectiveness and implementation of the adapted MBI on a larger scale. The K99/R00 award will thus provide the applicant with a platform to launch her independent career in intervention science with a focus on emotion and risk behavior in vulnerable youth.

申请人寻求这一K99/R00奖，以实现干预科学的研究独立性， 专注于改善情绪调节并减少药物使用，暴力行为和性风险 在弱势青年中。少年罪犯（JOS） - 非裔美国人不成比例的人 - 人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）/性传播感染（STI）的风险部分归因于升高 受情绪低落的三个相互关联的领域：使用物质，暴力行为和性行为 冒险。基于正念的干预措施（MBI）改善了情绪调节，因此可能会减少 HIV/STI风险。但是，MBI对JOS中的物质使用，暴力和性冒险的影响是 未知。重要的是，几乎80％的少年因试用期被释放回社区 逮捕，通常没有循证干预服务，将其定位为持续的风险行为。给出 少年司法系统中的资源有限，应用程序提供的移动干预措施是一个承诺 接触这些年轻人的方法。非洲裔美国青年是 种族/族裔最有可能拥有和定期使用智能手机。因此，申请人提议适应 现有的应用程序完成了基于证据的MBI方法，以专门解决HIV/STI风险行为 在探测器（K99期）13-17岁的男性和女性JOS中，进行了适应的α测试 APP（K99阶段），然后对其效率进行严格测试（R00阶段）。在K99阶段，她将 与现有MBI应用程序的制造商合作，以重点为基础，将修改为其平台编程 小组反馈（n = 3组，n = 5-8 JOS/组），然后解决确定的任何必要的修补 在α测试期间（n = 10 JO）。在R00阶段，JOS将随机分配到适应的MBI 应用程序（n = 100）或同样密集的健康促进控制应用程序（n = 100）。在这两种情况下，年轻人都会 提示每天完成10分钟的指导干预活动30天。情绪调节， 在基线，干预后和六个 月份。协调的培训计划将使申请人以她的情感强大基础为基础 监管和冒险吸引脆弱的青年，在对她独立至关重要的三个领域发展新技能： （1）高危青年的干预措施的适应和设计，（2）移动干预措施和（3）有效性 测试。在K99阶段，她的Mentalship团队将借鉴其心理少年的持续记录 学者充分独立。这将通过常规会议，定向阅读，动手来完成 - 在教程上，并支持她在研讨会，课程和会议上的活动。 R00阶段的完成 将生成数据以支持未来的R01应用程序，以测试适应性的有效性和实施 MBI大规模。因此，K99/R00奖将为申请人提供一个启动她的平台 干预科学领域的独立职业，重点是弱势青年的情绪和风险行为。