Neural Mechanisms of Transcranial Current Stimulation

经颅电流刺激的神经机制

• 批准号: 10274328
• 负责人: Bart Krekelberg
• 金额: $ 171.63万
• 依托单位: RUTGERS THE STATE UNIV OF NJ NEWARK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-15 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10274328
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Anodes; BRAIN initiative; Biology; Brain; Cathodes; Cells; Clinic; Clinical; Clinical Trials; Cognition; Complement; Data; Development; Dose; Elderly; Electrodes; Elements; Epilepsy; Explosion; Frequencies; Future; Genetic; Health; Home; Human; Human Subject Research; Image; Imaging Techniques; Interneurons; Knowledge; Learning; Left; Location; Measures; Membrane Potentials; Mental Depression; Methods; Modeling; Motor Evoked Potentials; Mus; Nature; Neurophysiology - biologic function; Noise; Outcome; Perception; Population; Process; Protocols documentation; Pyramidal Cells; Recovery; Reproducibility; Request for Applications; Research Personnel; Resolution; Scalp structure; Short-Term Memory; Techniques; Technology; Testing; Variant; Visual Acuity; Visual Cortex; Work; awake; behavioral outcome; brain behavior; cell type; chronic pain; clinical application; cognitive enhancement; depressive symptoms; electric field; experimental study; healthy volunteer; hippocampal pyramidal neuron; improved; in vivo; innovation; insight; multi-electrode arrays; neural circuit; neural stimulation; neuromechanism; neuroregulation; novel; portability; post stroke; reduce symptoms; relating to nervous system; research study; response; success; temporal measurement; two-photon; voltage sensitive dye

Project Summary Transcranial current stimulation (TCS) creates small electrical fields in the brain through electrodes placed on the scalp. As a method for neuromodulation, TCS carries with it many practical benefits: it is portable (battery- operated), inexpensive, and easily deployable in the clinic and at home. Due to this simplicity and apparent versatility there has been an explosion in the number of studies currently underway using transcranial currents (over 500 clinical trials on clinicaltrials.gov). Despite this ubiquity and potential, even basic questions about the nature of neural changes induced by various forms of TCS have not been answered in-vivo. This lack of understanding of the underlying biology has led to skepticism about the method. Moreover, refinement of the technique as used in humans is limited to a relatively inefficient process that proceeds largely by trial and error. This project will use state-of-the-art imaging techniques in awake mice to gain insight how TCS affect changes in neural activity. The project will use the exquisite spatial resolution of two-photon imaging, together with genetic methods to target specific cell populations, to reveal how TCS affects neural activity in a cell-type, and layer specific manner. This high-spatial resolution technique will be complemented with high temporal resolution voltage sensitive dye imaging to assess the temporal aspects of these induced changes, including the entrainment of oscillations. Together these complementary approaches will provide insight how TCS affects neural activity at an unprecedented level of detail. This insight - for instance understanding whether all cell-types are affected equally, or the TCS dose needed to achieve meaningful entrainment of neural activity - is essential for the rational development of targeted TCS protocols.

项目摘要 经颅电流刺激（TCS）通过放置在大脑中的电场中产生小电场 头皮。作为神经调节的一种方法，TCS具有许多实际的好处：它是便携式的（电池 - 操作），便宜，易于在诊所和家里部署。由于这种简单性和明显 多功能性在使用经颅电流目前正在进行的研究数量中爆炸 （在临床术上进行了500多次临床试验。 尽管存在这种普遍性和潜力，甚至有关各种神经变化的性质的基本问题 TC的形式尚未在体内回答。对基本生物学的缺乏理解导致 对该方法的怀疑。此外，对人类使用的技术的改进仅限于相对 效率低下的过程主要通过反复试验进行。 该项目将在清醒老鼠中使用最先进的成像技术来了解TCS如何影响变化 在神经活动中。该项目将使用两光子成像的精美空间分辨率以及遗传 靶向特定细胞群体的方法，以揭示TCS如何影响细胞类型的神经活动和层 具体方式。这种高空间分辨率技术将以高的时间分辨率进行补充 电压敏感的染料成像以评估这些诱发变化的时间方面，包括 振荡的夹带。 这些互补方法一起将提供洞察力，TCS如何影响 前所未有的细节水平。这种见解 - 例如，了解所有细胞类型是否受到平等影响， 或达到有意义的神经活动所需的TCS剂量 - 对于理性是必不可少的 开发目标TCS协议。