Longitudinal study of sleep physiology and function across toddlerhood

幼儿期睡眠生理学和功能的纵向研究

• 批准号: 10589065
• 负责人: Rebecca M C Spencer
• 金额: $ 18.93万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS AMHERST
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-04-01 至 2024-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10589065
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Age; Age Months; Animals; Attention; Behavioral; Child; Childhood; Coupling; Data; Development; Disease; Future; Goals; Hippocampus; Homosynaptic Depression; Impairment; Infant; Intervention; Learning; Life; Longitudinal Studies; Memory; Minor; Modeling; Napping; Neuronal Plasticity; Outcome; Phase; Physiological; Polysomnography; Process; REM Sleep; Rehabilitation therapy; Research; Rewards; Role; Sampling Studies; Science; Sleep; Slow-Wave Sleep; Synapses; Testing; Time; Toddler; Work; age group; brain metabolism; cognitive development; cognitive function; early childhood; forgetting; high reward; high risk; improved; infancy; insight; memory process; memory recall; non rapid eye movement; rapid eye movement; recruit; repaired; sleep physiology; sleep regulation; sleep spindle; theories

PROJECT SUMMARY Toddlers spend half their day sleeping. While it is known that sleep supports learning in childhood, whether this function changes across early development is unknown. Recent theoretical work suggests that critical transitions in sleep's cognitive function occur at this age. Thus, longitudinal studies of sleep across toddlerhood are needed. The specific objective of the proposed research is to examine longitudinal changes in overnight sleep physiology and sleep's cognitive function in children 16-31 months of age. In doing so, we will address two proposed changes in sleep function in toddlerhood. First, critical changes in hippocampal development are suggested to change sleep's function for those <18 months relative to those >24 months. Second, models of brain metabolism suggest that the function of sleep, particularly REM sleep, changes from <28 months relative to those >30 months. To test these predicted turning points in sleep function, we will recruit infants who are 16 or 21 months and assess declarative memory before and after overnight sleep in 3 waves, separated by 5 months. Polysomnography will be used to understand the physiological mechanism underlying sleep benefits. Aim 1 is to examine whether memory benefits of overnight sleep change across toddlerhood. Specifically, we will consider whether there is a change in how beneficial sleep is relative to wake on memory outcomes across toddlerhood. We hypothesize that sleep will protect memories consistently across this age span but that memories will decay less over wake with development. Aim 2 is to examine whether the contribution of REM and non-REM sleep to memory change over sleep across toddlerhood. Specifically, we will examine predicted contributions of nREM oscillations and REM sleep to sleep-related memory changes across toddlerhood. Hypothesis 2 is that the change in memory over sleep is associated with coupling of sleep spindles and slow oscillations and, in particular, the phase coupling between these rhythms. This work will have clear theoretical significance for the fields of sleep and developmental sciences as we seek to test theories that have gained attention in those fields. Distinguishing the function of sleep across this age range will provide critical insight into mechanisms underlying sleep's memory benefit at any age. The work holds translational significance as well. Specifically, understanding sleep physiology and function at this age is critical for recognizing and understanding when these processes are impaired. Moreover, sleep's role in memory holds promise for interventions to improve learning delays or rehabilitation. As such a strong understanding of sleep's role in memory will eventually support such intervention approaches.

项目概要 幼儿一天有一半的时间都在睡觉。虽然众所周知睡眠有助于儿童时期的学习，但这是否 早期发育过程中的功能变化尚不清楚。最近的理论工作表明，关键转变 睡眠中的认知功能发生在这个年龄段。因此，需要对幼儿期的睡眠进行纵向研究。 拟议研究的具体目标是检查夜间睡眠的纵向变化 16-31 个月大儿童的生理和睡眠认知功能。在此过程中，我们将解决两个问题 建议改变幼儿期的睡眠功能。首先，海马发育的关键变化是 建议相对于>24个月的人改变<18个月的人的睡眠功能。二、型号 大脑代谢表明睡眠功能，特别是快速眼动睡眠，在<28个月相对 超过 30 个月的人。为了测试这些预测的睡眠功能转折点，我们将招募 16 岁的婴儿 或 21 个月，分 3 波评估过夜睡眠前后的陈述性记忆，每波间隔 5 几个月。多导睡眠图将用于了解睡眠益处背后的生理机制。 目标 1 是检查夜间睡眠对记忆力的益处是否会在整个幼儿期发生变化。具体来说， 我们将考虑睡眠对记忆结果的有益程度是否有变化 跨越幼儿期。我们假设睡眠会在这个年龄段持续保护记忆，但是 随着发展，记忆会随着觉醒而减少。目标 2 是检验 REM 的贡献是否 以及非快速眼动睡眠与幼儿期睡眠相比记忆力的变化。具体来说，我们将检查 预测 nREM 振荡和 REM 睡眠对睡眠相关记忆变化的贡献 幼儿期。假设2：睡眠期间记忆力的变化与睡眠纺锤波的耦合有关 和缓慢的振荡，特别是这些节奏之间的相位耦合。这项工作将有明确的 当我们试图测试以下理论时，它对睡眠和发育科学领域具有理论意义 在这些领域受到了关注。区分这个年龄段的睡眠功能将提供关键的信息 深入了解睡眠对任何年龄段的记忆有益的机制。该作品具有翻译性 也具有重要意义。具体来说，了解这个年龄段的睡眠生理学和功能对于 识别并理解这些过程何时受到损害。此外，睡眠在记忆中的作用仍然存在 承诺采取干预措施来改善学习延迟或康复。由于对睡眠有如此深刻的理解 记忆中的作用最终将支持此类干预方法。