Developing and evaluating a decision support tool to disseminate tobacco control research and inform policy implementation

开发和评估决策支持工具，以传播烟草控制研究并为政策实施提供信息

基本信息

批准号：
10579061
负责人：
Natalie Riva Smith
金额：
$ 12.74万
依托单位：
HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2023
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2023-02-01 至 2025-01-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10579061
关键词：
Administrator Adolescent Adult Adverse effects Affect Area Assessment tool Award Benefits and Risks Brain Cancer Control Communication Data Decision Analysis Decision Making Development Development Plans Dissemination and Implementation Education Effectiveness Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems Electronic cigarette Equilibrium Equity Foundations Future Goals Health Health Policy Individual Interview Licensing Literature Malignant Neoplasms Mentorship Methods Nicotine Dependence Phase Pilot Projects Policies Policy Maker Policy Making Policy Research Politics Postdoctoral Fellow Public Health Public Health Schools Public Policy Publishing Recommendation Recording of previous events Reporting Research Research Activity Research Peer Review Research Personnel Resources Risk Schools Science Scientist Statutes and Laws Taxes Time Tobacco Control Research Training Training Activity Uncertainty Weight Work cancer prevention cancer risk career career development cost design dissemination science dissemination strategy economic evaluation experience experimental study flexibility health economics implementation research implementation science improved informant insight interest models and simulation novel strategies prevent public health research public policy on tobacco research data dissemination smoking cessation success support tools tool

Administrator Adolescent Adult Adverse effects Affect Area Assessment tool Award Benefits and Risks Brain Cancer Control Communication Data Decision Analysis Decision Making Development Development Plans Dissemination and Implementation Education Effectiveness Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems Electronic cigarette Equilibrium Equity Foundations Future Goals Health Health Policy Individual Interview Licensing Literature Malignant Neoplasms Mentorship Methods Nicotine Dependence Phase Pilot Projects Policies Policy Maker Policy Making Policy Research Politics Postdoctoral Fellow Public Health Public Health Schools Public Policy Publishing Recommendation Recording of previous events Reporting Research Research Activity Research Peer Review Research Personnel Resources Risk Schools Science Scientist Statutes and Laws Taxes Time Tobacco Control Research Training Training Activity Uncertainty Weight Work cancer prevention cancer risk career career development cost design dissemination science dissemination strategy economic evaluation experience experimental study flexibility health economics implementation research implementation science improved informant insight interest models and simulation novel strategies prevent public health research public policy on tobacco research data dissemination smoking cessation success support tools tool

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项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY Adolescent use of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS, or e-cigarettes) has increased rapidly and can lead to nicotine addiction and adversely affect brain development. Conversely, ENDS products can help adults quit smoking, decreasing their cancer risk. This creates a major tradeoff in risks and benefits that must be considered when evaluating ENDS control policies, in addition to other aspects such as costs and political feasibility. State public health administrators are at the forefront of ENDS control policy efforts. Public health research could guide their decision making, but research evidence is often inaccessible to decision makers or not synthesized concisely and meaningfully. Without strategies to disseminate evidence in an accessible way it is of limited public health impact. Existing dissemination strategies have been largely untested and have not accounted for the inherent complexity of policy decisions (e.g., tradeoffs). The goal of this proposal is to develop and evaluate a potential dissemination strategy: a decision support tool. Such tools can help manage decision complexity by systematically presenting information on relevant attributes of specific policies that are important to administrators (e.g., reach of policy, potential harms and benefits, costs to implement), and improve research accessibility by synthesizing evidence for each attribute. In the K99 phase of the award, Dr. Smith, a postdoctoral fellow at the Harvard Chan School, will quantify the relative importance of key attributes of policies that administrators consider in their decision making using a discrete choice experiment. In the R00 phase, she will build a decision support tool for administrators using principles of multi-criteria decision analysis, peer-reviewed research evidence, and quantitative results from the K99 phase. She will then conduct a pilot study with administrators to evaluate the potential for the decision support tool to improve research dissemination by assessing the tool’s acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility, three key preconditions for success. This research will provide much-needed evidence on the use of decision support tools to advance evidence-informed policymaking. Further, this award will enable Dr. Smith to achieve her long-term career goal of becoming an independent investigator focused on evidence-informed public health policies for cancer prevention. Dr. Smith has a strong foundation in simulation modeling and economic evaluation; this award will build on this foundation by providing advanced training in decision science methods and develop her expertise in tobacco control policy. Her K99 training plan draws on the unique strengths of her transdisciplinary mentorship team and educational and professional resources available through the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health. Overall, the research and training activities in this proposal will provide Dr. Smith with the experience necessary to launch her career as an independent scientist working at the intersection of decision science, policy implementation and dissemination science, and cancer prevention and control policies.

项目摘要青少年使用电子尼古丁输送系统（末端或电子烟）的使用迅速增加，可以导致尼古丁成瘾，并对大脑发育产生不利影响。相反，末端产品可以帮助成人戒烟，降低其癌症风险。这在风险和利益方面创造了一个重大的权衡，必须是在评估目的控制政策时考虑的是，除了成本和政治等其他方面可行性。州公共卫生管理员处于控制政策工作的最前沿。公共卫生研究可以指导他们的决策，但是研究证据通常是决策者或没有简洁而有意义的合成。没有以可访问方式传播证据的策略公共卫生影响有限。现有的传播策略在很大程度上未经测试，没有解释了政策决策的继承复杂性（例如权衡）。该提议的目的是制定和评估潜在的传播策略：决策支持工具。这样的工具可以帮助管理决策复杂性通过系统地介绍有关特定政策相关属性的信息对管理人员（例如，政策的范围，潜在的危害和收益，实施成本）和通过合成每个属性的证据来改善研究可及性。在奖项的K99阶段，博士史密斯（Smith）是哈佛大学学校的博士后研究员，将量化关键属性的相对重要性管理员在使用离散选择实验的决策中考虑的政策。在R00中阶段，她将使用多标准决策原则为管理员建立一个决策支持工具分析，同行评审的研究证据以及K99阶段的定量结果。然后她会举止与管理员进行的试点研究，以评估决策支持工具改善研究的潜力通过评估工具的可接受性，适当性和可行性来传播，这是三个关键的先决条件成功。这项研究将为使用决策支持工具提高急需的证据证据信息的决策。此外，该奖项将使史密斯博士能够实现她的长期职业目标成为一名专注于癌症证据的公共卫生政策的独立研究者预防。史密斯博士在模拟建模和经济评估方面奠定了坚实的基础；这个奖项将通过提供决策科学方法的高级培训并发展其专业知识，以此为基础在烟草控制政策中。她的K99培训计划借鉴了她的跨学科的独特优势通过哈佛T.H.获得识别团队以及教育和专业资源陈学校公共卫生。总体而言，该提案中的研究和培训活动将为史密斯博士提供在决策交集的独立科学家的职业生涯中所必需的经验科学，政策实施和传播科学以及癌症预防和控制政策。