Project 4: Geochemical Predictors of Arsenic Contamination

项目 4：砷污染的地球化学预测

• 批准号: 10570880
• 负责人: Owen Duckworth
• 金额: $ 28.47万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-02-20 至 2025-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10570880
• 关键词: Address; Area; Arsenic; Awareness; Chemicals; Consumption; Coupling; Detection; Development; Diabetes Mellitus; Elements; Environment; Exposure to; Future; Guide prevention; Guidelines; Health; Heterogeneity; Human; Intervention; Knowledge; Laboratories; Link; Location; Measurement; Metabolic Diseases; Metabolic dysfunction; Methods; Modeling; Molecular; Monitor; Nitrates; North Carolina; Oxidants; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxides; Persons; Pollution; Population; Population Growth; Predisposition; Process; Province; Public Health; Reaction; Research; Risk; Risk Assessment; Sampling; Signal Recognition Particle; Site; Soil; Solid; Solubility; Source; Study models; Superfund; System; Techniques; Thermodynamics; Trace Elements; Urbanization; Vision; Water; Water consumption; Weather; Wood material; Work; anthropogenesis; contaminated water; density; disorder prevention; drinking water; exposed human population; fundamental research; geochemistry; ground water; improved; insight; land use; novel; predictive tools; programs; remediation; risk prediction; simulation; stem; suburb; superfund site; tool; wasting; water sampling; well water

ABSTRACT: PROJECT 4 Project 4 seeks to better understand the factors that result in solubilization of iAs and related oxyanion-forming trace elements (V, Cr) in well water. It is generally accepted that biogeochemical processes (rock weathering, redox transformations) control solubilization of these contaminants from aquifer materials. However, detailed mechanistic understanding of subsurface processes and an ability to apply biogeochemical parameters as predictors of contamination are lacking, and as a result, drinking-water wells may be susceptible to contamination. The central hypothesis is that the concentrations of specific rock- and groundwater- hosted chemical oxidants can be used to predict the risks of iAs, V, and Cr contamination in drinking- water wells, guide remediation strategies for co-contaminated sites, and facilitate health interventions. This topic is particularly relevant in North Carolina, which has 20 Superfund sites with documented As, as well as significant population utilizing drinking-water wells with elevated iAs, V, and Cr from geogenic sources. We thus propose a multipronged plan that integrates field, laboratory, and spectroscopic measurements with mechanistic and geospatial modeling to (1) develop a comprehensive multiscale understanding of the contrasting redox-driven mechanisms of iAs, V, and Cr solubilization, and (2) derive tools for predicting current and future contamination of well water. The use of fundamental research to develop geochemical predictors of contamination is aligned with the theme of the center “Identifying novel methods to reduce iAs exposure and elucidating mechanisms underlying iAs-induced metabolic dysfunction with a vision for disease prevention.” proposed research will facilitate disease prevention by guiding future well placement and monitoring efforts, potentially increasing awareness and decreasing exposure to naturally occurring toxic trace elements. Furthermore, this research will motivate novel interventions for responding to contaminants in the environment, including geogenically impacted sites in North Carolina, as well as in anthropogenically impacted locations such as Superfund sites.

摘要：项目 4 项目 4 旨在更好地了解导致 iAs 溶解和相关氧阴离子形成的因素 井水中的微量元素（V、Cr） 人们普遍认为生物地球化学过程（岩石风化、 氧化还原转化）控制这些污染物从含水层材料中的溶解。 对地下过程的机械理解以及应用生物地球化学参数的能力 由于缺乏污染预测因素，因此饮用水井可能容易受到污染 中心假设是特定岩石和地下水的浓度。 托管化学氧化剂可用于预测饮用水中 iAs、V 和 Cr 污染的风险 水井，指导共同污染场地的修复策略，并促进健康干预措施。 这个话题在北卡罗来纳州尤其重要，该州有 20 个超级基金站点也有记录为 As 大量人口使用来自地源的砷、钒和铬含量较高的饮用水井。 因此，提出了一个多管齐下的计划，将现场、实验室和光谱测量与 机械和地理空间建​​模（1）对对比进行全面的多尺度理解 iAs、V 和 Cr 溶解的氧化还原驱动机制，以及 (2) 导出用于预测当前和未来的工具 利用基础研究来开发井水污染的地球化学预测因子。 污染与该中心的主题“确定减少 iAs 暴露和 阐明 iAs 引起的代谢功能障碍的机制，以预防疾病。” 拟议的研究将通过指导未来的良好布局和监测工作来促进疾病预防， 可能提高认识并减少接触天然存在的有毒微量元素。 此外，这项研究将激发新的干预措施来应对环境中的污染物， 包括北卡罗来纳州受地理影响的地点以及受人为影响的地点，例如 作为超级基金网站。