Programmable, Soft Optical Waveguide for Optogenetics

用于光遗传学的可编程软光波导

• 批准号: 10251842
• 负责人: Jian Lin
• 金额: $ 7.35万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI-COLUMBIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-02 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10251842
• 关键词: 3-Dimensional; Alginates; Applications Grants; Brain; Brain region; Chronic; Devices; Elements; Employment; Environment; Epilepsy; Evaluation; Exhibits; Exposure to; Future; Goals; Height; Human; Hydrogels; Implant; Individual; Inflammatory Response; Inherited; Lateral; Light; Mechanics; Memory; Methods; Microelectrodes; Modeling; Optics; Parkinson Disease; Pathway interactions; Performance; Phase Transition; Polymers; Positioning Attribute; Process; Property; Public Health; Refractive Indices; Resolution; Risk; Robotics; Rodent; Route; Sepharose; Shapes; Signal Transduction; Structure; System; Technology; Temperature; Testing; Transition Temperature; Trauma; base; biomaterial compatibility; brain tissue; density; design; experimental study; implantable device; improved; in vivo; light intensity; light scattering; mechanical behavior; mechanical properties; nervous system disorder; neuroregulation; novel; optogenetics; programs; relating to nervous system; success; viscoelasticity

Project Summary The proposed project aims at developing a programmable and soft optical waveguide which will enable precise and uniform light delivery, provide large lateral access, and minimize inflammatory response in the brain tissue. Combination of these functions in one device is highly demanded for maximizing potentials of optogenetics in studying brain functions and treating human’s neurological diseases, but it is still not accessible in current optogenetic probes and their integrated optoelectronic devices. The proposed waveguide will be made of interconnected shanks whose core is a biocompatible shape memory polymer (SMP) cladded by alginate hydrogel layers, which has a lower refractive index (RI) than that of the SMP. This RI mismatch will help to realize total internal reflection of light in the interface of the SMP and the hydrogel layers. Above the phase transition temperature (< 37 ℃), the SMP will become highly transparent and show soft-robotic actuation. This actuation force will drive the highly compact optical waveguide—for easy insertion to the brain tissue—to form a preprogrammed three-dimensional (3D) wavy and expanding shape. With defined optical apertures along the individual shank, the light can be uniformly and precisely delivered to the brain tissue. The inherited biocompatibility and softness of the SMP and the hydrogel will cause little or no inflammatory response to the brain tissue. To our knowledge, it will be the first attempt of developing such a type of optical waveguide. To accomplish the proposed goal optical and mechanical structures of the waveguide will be first designed. Then numerical models will be developed to optimize the static and dynamic actuation processes, which will serve as the sophisticated design principles for the experiments. The optical waveguide will be fabricated, programmed. Its light transport and shape actuation performance will be evaluated. The resulting SMP and alginate hydrogel will have the optimum refractive indices and mechanical properties. Their interface will be strong and smooth for minimizing the light scattering. The waveguide is expected to show satisfactory shape actuation and little light loss in 0.6% agarose hydrogel that mimics the viscoelastic environment of brain tissue. If success, this proposed technology will be transformative. First of all, it will pave the intellectual and technological way to provide a novel platform for implantable devices with new functionalities which other ordinary devices cannot offer, such as truly 3D interfaces, precise and uniform light delivery, minimized damage to the brain. All of them will help to deepen the understanding of brain functions. Moreover, integration of the microelectrodes that can do signal recording with the waveguide will empower the devices the functions of stimulation and recording. They can be further developed into optogenetics-based neuromodulation therapies for treating human’s neurological diseases such as Parkinson’s disease and epilepsy, which are highly relevant to public health. Finally, concepts and technologies of this 3D neural interface introduced here may result in bio- electronic-optoelectronic systems that will show responsive and adaptive features in future.

项目概要 拟议项目旨在开发一种可编程软光波导，这将使 精确且均匀的光传输，提供大的横向通道，并最大限度地减少大脑中的炎症反应 为了最大限度地发挥组织的潜力，迫切需要将这些功能组合在一个设备中。 光遗传学在研究大脑功能和治疗人类神经系统疾病方面发挥着重要作用，但目前仍无法实现 在当前的光遗传学探针及其集成光电器件中，将制成所提出的波导。 相互连接的柄，其核心是生物相容性形状记忆聚合物 (SMP)，外层是藻酸盐 水凝胶层的折射率 (RI) 低于 SMP，这种 RI 不匹配将有助于实现。 SMP 和水凝胶层界面上的光全内反射。 在低于 37 ℃ 的温度下，SMP 将变得高度透明并显示软机器人驱动。 力将驱动高度紧凑的光波导——以便于插入脑组织——形成一个 预编程的三维 (3D) 波浪形和扩展形状。 单独的柄，可以将光线均匀、精确地传递到脑组织。 SMP 和水凝胶的生物相容性和柔软度不会对人体造成很少或不会引起炎症反应 据我们所知，这将是开发这种类型的光波导的首次尝试。 为了实现所提出的目标，将首先设计波导的光学和机械结构。 然后将开发数值模型来优化静态和动态驱动过程，这将 作为实验的复杂设计原理，将制造光波导， 其光传输和形状驱动性能将被评估。 藻酸盐水凝胶将具有最佳的折射率和机械性能。 坚固且光滑，可最大限度地减少光散射，预计波导将显示出令人满意的形状。 模拟脑组织粘弹性环境的 0.6% 琼脂糖水凝胶中的驱动和很少的光损失。 如果成功，这项提出的技术将具有变革性，首先，它将为知识和技术铺平道路。 技术方式为具有新功能的植入设备提供新颖的平台 普通设备无法提供的，例如真正的 3D 界面、精确且均匀的光传输、最小化损坏 所有这些都有助于加深对大脑功能的理解。 可以用波导进行信号记录的微电极将使设备具有以下功能： 它们可以进一步发展为基于光遗传学的神经调节疗法。 用于治疗与人类高度相关的神经系统疾病，如帕金森病和癫痫 最后，这里介绍的这种 3D 神经接口的概念和技术可能会导致生物- 未来将表现出响应性和自适应特性的电子光电系统。

项目成果

A Photocured Bio-based Shape Memory Thermoplastics for Reversible Wet Adhesion.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2023.144226
• 发表时间: 2023-08
• 期刊: Chemical engineering journal
• 影响因子: 15.1
• 作者: Yu-Chung Wu;Changhua Su;Shao-heng Wang;Bujingda Zheng;Alireza Mahjoubnia;Kianoosh Sattari;Hanwen Zhang;J. Meister;Guoliang Huang;Jian Lin

Digital Light 4D Printing of Bioresorbable Shape Memory Elastomers for Personalized Biomedical Implantation.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.02.009
• 发表时间: 2024-02
• 期刊: Acta biomaterialia
• 影响因子: 9.7
• 作者: Alireza Mahjoubnia;Dunpeng Cai;Yuchao Wu;Skylar D. King;Pooya Torkian;Andy C. Chen;R. Talaie;Shi-You Chen;Jian Lin

4D printing of biocompatible, hierarchically porous shape memory polymeric structures.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213575
• 发表时间: 2023-08
• 期刊: Biomaterials advances
• 作者: Graham Bond;Alireza Mahjoubnia;Wen-dong Zhao;Skylar D. King;Shi Chen;Jian Lin