Personality disorders, decision making and sexual risk behaviors

人格障碍、决策和性危险行为

基本信息

批准号：
7849357
负责人：
Ramani S Durvasula
金额：
$ 37.46万
依托单位：
CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY LOS ANGELES
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2010
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2010-07-22 至 2014-04-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7849357
关键词：
Accounting Acute Address Adherence Adult Affect Affective Alcohol consumption Alcohol or Other Drugs use Alcohols Anus Attention Back Behavioral Borderline Personality Disorder Characteristics Chronic Clinical Communities Contracts Data Databases Decision Making Development Diagnosis Disease Disinhibition Drug usage Enrollment Equation Event Figs - dietary Frequencies Functional disorder Funding Gender Geography Goals Grant HIV Health Impulsivity Individual Infection Intervention Interview Literature Manuscripts Measures Mediator of activation protein Mental disorders Modeling Mood Disorders Moods National Institute of General Medical Sciences Nature Outcome Participant Pattern Personality Personality Disorders Persons Pharmaceutical Preparations Population Positioning Attribute Prevention program Process Psychopathology Psychosocial Factor Publications Publishing Race Reporting Research Research Personnel Research Project Grants Risk Risk Behaviors Risk Factors Risk Reduction Role Sampling Severities Sex Behavior Sex Orientation Structure Substance abuse problem Symptoms Techniques Testing Time TimeLine Treatment Efficacy Vagina Visit Woman Work cohort disorder risk executive function experience follow-up high risk behavior high risk sexual behavior indexing intervention program men operation programs public health relevance sex sex risk sexually active

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): While the role of major psychopathology has been addressed in the literature on sexual risk, relatively less attention has been placed on the personality disorders (PD). The chronic nature of the interpersonal dysfunction, impulsivity, and impaired decision making that characterize these disorders suggest that PD is an important predictor of sexual risk behavior engagement both prior to and after becoming infected with HIV. The present study builds upon the work generated by the Health Adherence Research Project (NIGMS S06 GM08101; Durvasula - PI), which suggests PD is a risk factor for riskier sexual practices. The proposed study will enroll a sample of 200 HIV+ and 200 HIV- sexually active adults (total N = 400), stratified by gender and sexual orientation and examine the relationship between psychopathology, particularly PD, and sexual risk behaviors. In addition, the intervening role of decision making on the PD-risk relationship will be examined. PD and major psychopathology will be assessed using multiple measures including structured psychiatric interviews. Sexual risk behaviors and drug and alcohol use will be assessed using a Time Line Follow-back (TLFB) Interview, a technique which will provide event level analysis of sexual behaviors, partners and contexts. Participants will be seen twice over 3 months, with psychiatric assessment administered at the baseline visit, and the TLFB administered at the 3 month follow-up. Given the hypothesized multi-determined nature of sexual behavior, multivariate techniques including Structural Equation Modeling using the EQS approach, MANOVA and regression will be used to test the simultaneous relationships between predictors, mediators and outcome. By describing this relationship using carefully elaborated indices of sexual risk in an urban, diverse sample, and identifying mechanisms by which PD and psychopathology influence sexual risk, particularly decision making, intervention programs can be developed which target the specific antecedents of risk experienced by this persons with PD. This grant will also further the development of the PI as an independent investigator and position her to pursue R34 and R01 level funding to continue this line of research. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Understanding predictors of sexual risk behaviors is instrumental in the development of HIV intervention and prevention programs. Using a detailed assessment of sexual behavior and psychopathology, this study will describe the interrelated role of personality disorders, major psychopathology, and decision making on sexual risk in HIV+ and HIV- men and women.

描述（由申请人提供）：虽然文献中有关性风险的主要心理病理学的作用已经解决，但对人格障碍（PD）的关注相对较少。人际功能障碍，冲动性和障碍决策的慢性性质表明，PD是在感染HIV之前和感染HIV之前和之后的性风险行为参与的重要预测指标。本研究基于健康依从性研究项目（NIGMS S06 GM08101; Durvasula -PI）产生的工作，这表明PD是更风险的性行为的危险因素。拟议的研究将招募200个HIV+和200个HIV的样本 - 性活跃的成年人（总n = 400），通过性别和性取向进行分层，并检查精神病理学，尤其是PD和性风险行为之间的关系。此外，将研究决策对PD风险关系的中间作用。 PD和主要的心理病理学将使用包括结构化精神病访谈在内的多种措施进行评估。性风险行为以及毒品和饮酒将使用时间表跟随（TLFB）访谈进行评估，该技术将对性行为，伴侣和环境提供事件水平分析。参与者将在三个月内看到两次，并在基线访问时进行了精神科评估，并且在3个月的随访中进行了TLFB。鉴于性行为的假设的多确定性质，包括使用等式方法，MANOVA和回归的多元方程建模在内的多元技术将用于测试预测变量，调解人和结果之间的同时关系。通过在城市，多样化的样本中使用精心阐述的性风险指数来描述这种关系，并确定PD和心理病理学影响性风险，尤其是决策，可以开发出针对PD患者经历的特定风险前提的干预计划。这笔赠款还将进一步发展为独立研究者，并将她定位为R34和R01水平资金继续进行这一研究。公共卫生相关性：了解性风险行为的预测因素有助于开发HIV干预和预防计划。使用对性行为和心理病理学的详细评估，本研究将描述人格障碍，主要的心理病理学以及对艾滋病毒+和艾滋病毒性风险的决策的相互关联作用。