Neural circuits for regulating social behavior in rodents

调节啮齿动物社会行为的神经回路

基本信息

批准号：
10088434
负责人：
Ian Gordon Davison
金额：
$ 34.1万
依托单位：
BOSTON UNIVERSITY (CHARLES RIVER CAMPUS)
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-03-01 至 2024-02-28
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10088434
关键词：
Accessory Olfactory Bulbs Address Afferent Neurons Aggressive behavior Amygdaloid structure Anatomy Architecture Attenuated Behavior Behavioral Brain Categories Cells Characteristics Chemicals Child Rearing Communities Complement Complex Courtship Cues Data Disease Electrophysiology (science)Familiarity Female Fluorescence Genetic Goals Head Human Image In Vitro Individual Knowledge Label Learning Limbic System Link Logic Maps Measures Medial Mediating Membrane Methods Monitor Motor output Neural Pathways Neurons Output Partner in relationship Pathologic Pathway interactions Pattern Plant Roots Population Process Recording of previous events Reporter Reproduction Rodent Role Route Sensory Sexual Partners Shapes Signal Transduction Slice Social Behavior Social Environment Social Interaction Social Network Stereotyping Synapses System Testing Translating Vomeronasal Systems Whole-Cell Recordings autism spectrum disorder base behavioral response chemical genetics design experience experimental study flexibility in vivo insight male mitral cell neural circuit neuromechanism neuroregulation novel optogenetics programs relating to nervous system response sensory input sex social social learning social relationships stereotypy tool

项目摘要

Project Summary Innate social behaviors such as aggression, mating, and parenting offer a powerful window on the brain networks that map sensory input onto appropriate motor outputs. The compact architecture of the rodent vomeronasal system is ideal for characterizing the circuits that translate identified, sex-specific chemosignals into responses matched to the characteristics of different conspecifics. Here we address two seemingly contradictory roles of this system: the need to mediate stereotyped interactions with same- or opposite-sex partners, while still providing flexibility in responses to different individuals based on established social relationships. We characterize the learning mechanisms that mediate changes in aggression, a prototypical and highly robust male behavior that is powerfully altered by dominance relationships. Using powerful genetic tools to access functionally distinct sensory pathways in the accessory olfactory bulb, our experiments will address (1) the cellular plasticity processes that adapt aggression levels to reflect social experience, (2) the way that familiarity shapes the sensory representations of conspecifics during active social interactions, and (3) the circuit anatomy that organizes behaviorally relevant sensory signals and routes them to downstream limbic centers. A deeper understanding of the neural mechanisms for regulating aggression may help design strategies for mitigating pathological behaviors in human communities. More broadly, a deeper knowledge of the brain networks for social behaviors is highly relevant for understanding autism spectrum disorders.

项目概要攻击性、交配和养育等先天的社会行为为大脑提供了一个强大的窗口将感觉输入映射到适当的运动输出的网络。啮齿动物的紧凑结构犁鼻系统非常适合表征翻译已识别的、性别特异性的电路将化学信号转化为与不同同种特征相匹配的反应。在这里我们解决该系统的两个看似矛盾的角色：需要调解与相同的刻板印象互动或异性伴侣，同时仍然根据不同的个人提供灵活的反应建立了社会关系。我们描述了调节变化的学习机制攻击性，一种典型的、高度强烈的男性行为，会因统治地位而发生强烈改变关系。使用强大的遗传工具来访问功能上不同的感觉通路辅助嗅球，我们的实验将解决（1）适应的细胞可塑性过程反映社会经验的攻击性水平，（2）熟悉度塑造感官的方式在活跃的社交互动中同种人的表征，以及（3）电路解剖组织与行为相关的感觉信号并将其路由到下游边缘中心。更深层次的了解调节攻击性的神经机制可能有助于设计策略减轻人类社区的病态行为。更广泛地说，对大脑有更深入的了解社会行为网络与理解自闭症谱系障碍高度相关。