Center for Environmental and Health Effects of PFAS

PFAS 环境与健康影响中心

• 批准号: 10115849
• 负责人: Detlef R Knappe
• 金额: $ 9.43万
• 依托单位: NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY RALEIGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-02-28 至 2025-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10115849
• 关键词: Address; Adsorption; Affect; Air; Carbon; Characteristics; Communities; Consumption; Coupled; Data; Development; Diffusion; Dimensions; Ecology; Effectiveness; Electron energy loss spectroscopy; Environmental Engineering technology; Environmental Health; Environmental Pollution; Environmental sludge; Equilibrium; Evaluation; Excision; Film; Foundations; Goals; Guidelines; Health; Industrialization; Isotopes; Kinetics; Laboratories; Life; Link; Mass Spectrum Analysis; Microscopy; Modeling; Municipalities; North Carolina; Particle Size; Penetration; Plants; Preventive; Process; Production; Property; Public Health; Radial; Research; Research Project Grants; Scanning Electron Microscopy; Scanning Tunneling Microscopy; Services; Sewage; Site; Source; Sum; Superfund; Surface; System; Technology; Testing; Time; United States; Universities; X ray spectrometry; aqueous; community engagement; contaminated drinking water; cost; cost effective; design; drinking water; experimental study; exposed human population; improved; innovation; insight; ion mobility; laboratory experiment; landfill; mathematical model; organic contaminant; particle; perfluorooctane sulfonate; perfluorooctanoic acid; pollutant; predictive modeling; programs; remediation; scale up

ABSTRACT (Environmental Science and Engineering) Research Project 4 Project 4 is one of two Environmental Science and Engineering (ESE) Research Projects for the proposed “Center for Environmental and Health Effects of PFAS” being led by North Carolina State University (NC State). The primary goal of the proposed Center is to provide highly relevant data and information to help the Superfund Research Program (SRP) address the growing problem of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) contamination across the US, including contamination of drinking water sources. PFAS are considered contaminants of emerging concern, and remediation of PFAS-impacted sites is a critical and timely public health challenge. Granular activated carbon (GAC) adsorption is the most widely employed PFAS remediation technology. Although much is known about sorption of organic contaminants by GAC, predicting GAC effectiveness from laboratory data or from fundamental pollutant and GAC properties remains a significant challenge. Our long-term objective is to develop models that predict sorption of organic micropollutants, including PFAS, in GAC treatment systems. A critical barrier to improving existing models is that accessibility of sorption sites inside of GAC particles is not known. An important assumption of current models is that contaminants are uniformly distributed inside of GAC particles at sorption equilibrium. However, direct observations of sorbed contaminants suggest that sorption can occur preferentially near the external sorbent surface. This distinction is significant because it can explain why PFAS sorption capacity increases with decreasing GAC particle size and why laboratory experiments overestimate PFAS removal effectiveness of GAC. Our overarching hypothesis is, therefore, that sorption of PFAS (as well as many other organic pollutants) occurs preferentially in a shell region near the external GAC surface. The shell adsorption hypothesis will be evaluated by (Aim 1) observing and describing intraparticle PFAS distributions at sorption equilibrium and (Aim 2) quantifying and describing PFAS adsorption/desorption kinetics. Using innovative approaches, such as isotope microscopy, we will begin to open the “black box” that GAC still represents and directly observe intraparticle PFAS distributions. We will use information from direct observations in conjunction with results from sorption equilibrium and kinetic experiments to explain our data with a shell adsorption model. We expect that model parameters will be physically meaningful and can be predicted from fundamental sorbent and sorbate properties. Results of this project will support the development of effective sorbents for PFAS removal, the design of (cost-)effective GAC treatment systems for PFAS remediation, and the evaluation of management options for spent GAC.

抽象的 （环境科学与工程）研究项目4 项目4是拟议中的两个环境科学与工程（ESE）研究项目之一 北卡罗来纳州立大学（NC）领导的“ PFA的环境与健康影响中心” 状态）。拟议中心的主要目标是提供高度相关的数据和信息，以帮助 超级基金研究计划（SRP）解决了日益增长的per和多氟烷基底物问题 （PFAS）整个美国的污染，包括饮用水源的污染。考虑了PFA 新兴关注的污染物和对PFAS影响地点的修复是关键而及时的公众 健康挑战。颗粒活性碳（GAC）吸附是最广泛使用的PFA 尽管GAC对有机污染物的焊接有很多了解，但预测了GAC 实验室数据或基本污染物和GAC特性的有效性仍然很重要 挑战。我们的长期目标是开发预测有机微污染物吸附的模型， 包括PFA，在GAC治疗系统中。改善现有模型的关键障碍是可访问性 GAC颗粒内部的吸附位点尚不清楚。当前模型的一个重要假设是 污染物在吸附等效柱时均匀地分布在GAC颗粒内部。但是，直接 吸附污染物的观察结果表明，吸附可能更优选地发生在外部吸附剂附近 表面。这种区别很重要，因为它可以解释为什么PFAS肥皂能力随着 减小GAC粒径以及实验实验高估了PFA的删除有效性的原因 GAC。因此，我们的总体假设是PFA的分类（以及许多其他有机物 污染物）更优选地发生在外部GAC表面附近的壳区域。壳吸附 假设将通过（AIM 1）观察和描述吸附时的颗粒内PFA分布 平衡和（目标2）量化和解吸PFA的吸附/解吸动力学。使用创新 方法，例如同位素显微镜，我们将开始打开GAC仍然代表的“黑匣子”，并且 直接观察到颗粒内PFAS分布。我们将使用来自直接观察的信息 与吸附平衡和动力学实验的结果结合使用壳来解释我们的数据 吸附模型。我们希望模型参数具有物理意义，可以从 基本的吸附剂和山口特性。该项目的结果将支持有效的发展 用于去除PFA的吸附剂，（成本）有效的GAC治疗系统的设计以及PFA修复的设计以及 对支出GAC的管理选项的评估。