Intensified, High-Rate Reductive Immobilization of Hexavalent Chromium

六价铬的强化、高速率还原固定化

• 批准号: 10080796
• 负责人: Fatemeh Shirazi
• 金额: $ 17.46万
• 依托单位: MICROVI BIOTECH, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-08-10 至 2021-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10080796
• 关键词: Acetates; Address; Aerobic; Bacteria; Bioavailable; Biological; Biological Response Modifier Therapy; Biomass; Bioremediations; Biotechnology; Carcinogens; Characteristics; Chemicals; Chromium; Communities; Development; Engineering; Environment; Environmental Health; Environmental sludge; Excision; Expression Profiling; Gene Expression; Genetic Transcription; Goals; Hazardous Waste Sites; Health; Human; Immobilization; In Situ; Industry Standard; Kinetics; Laboratories; Letters; Metabolic; Metabolic Pathway; Metals; Microbe; Mutagens; Nitrates; Outcome; Oxidants; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidoreductase; Performance; Phase; Phenotype; Physiology; Pilot Projects; Polymers; Positioning Attribute; Prevalence; Process; Production; Provider; Pseudomonas stutzeri; Regulation; Research; Resources; Safety; Sampling; Site; Source; Stream; Structure; Superfund; Surveys; System; Technology; Testing; Toxicology; United States Environmental Protection Agency; Variant; Water; Water Supply; Work; axenic culture; base; chromium hexavalent ion; combinatorial; cost; cost effective; denitrification; density; design; drinking water; electron donor; experimental study; flexibility; ground water; innovative technologies; insight; interest; liver injury; malignant stomach neoplasm; materials science; microorganism; new technology; novel; operation; oxidation; pollutant; prototype; remediation; renal damage; reproductive; response; superfund site; technology validation; tool; toxicant; wasting; water treatment; well water; whole genome

Project Summary / Abstract Hexavalent chromium, or Cr(VI), is among the most widespread contaminants in water resources in the U.S. and around the world. Cr(VI) has been found in at least 1,127 of the 1,699 current or former National Priority List (NPL) sites, which have been identified by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as the most serious hazardous waste sites in the nation and are the highest priority targets for long-term federal cleanup activities. Toxicological research has found that high concentrations of Cr(VI) can contribute to stomach cancers, kidney and liver damage, and reproductive harm. As a result, there is significant demand among water providers and managers of Superfund sites for innovative technologies to address Cr(VI) contamination in a cost-effective and environmentally sustainable manner. The lack of cost-effective technologies to reduce Cr(VI) levels in water are due to technical challenges associated with existing physical/chemical approaches, including high cost, the need for disposal of secondary waste streams, and performance that can be vulnerable to influent water geochemistry. Specifically, there is a need for new technologies to reliably reduce Cr(VI) to very low parts-per-billion levels with lower costs and less waste than existing physical or chemical treatment technologies. This project seeks to address this need through a novel combination of materials science and bacterial reductive immobilization. In contrast to conventional physical or chemical technologies, this new technology does not produce a hazardous secondary waste stream. Moreover, the proposed technology offers unique redox flexibility, which allows it to remain effective even while hydrogeological characteristics may change. These and other advantages help position the proposed technology as a highly effective ex-situ or in-situ treatment approach to achieve low concentrations of Cr(VI) in water. In the proposed project, a prototype of the proposed technology is developed through comprehensive kinetic studies under various operating conditions supported by whole-genome transcriptional studies. In addition to developing optimum parameters for the treatment system, the project will also provide insights into the unique physiology employed to achieve reductive immobilization of Cr(VI). Development of material composites to deploy a high density of the targeted culture proceeds in an iterative manner to ultimately select one composite to evaluate in a continuous-flow reactor study using both synthetic and actual contaminated groundwater. The outcome of this project will be the proof-of-concept of a new technology for efficient, environmentally friendly, and cost-effective Cr(VI) treatment. As a result, this project holds significant promise to provide a critically necessary tool for protecting and remediating drinking water supplies from chromium contamination, thus promoting public safety and environmental health.

项目概要/摘要 六价铬 (Cr(VI)) 是美国水资源中最普遍的污染物之一， 世界各地。在 1,699 个当前或以前的国家优先列表中，至少有 1,127 个中发现了 Cr(VI) (NPL) 场所，已被美国环境保护署 (EPA) 认定为最严重的场所 全国的危险废物场，是长期联邦清理活动的最高优先目标。 毒理学研究发现，高浓度的 Cr(VI) 可导致胃癌、肾癌 以及肝脏损害和生殖损害。因此，供水商和供水商之间存在着巨大的需求。 超级基金站点的管理人员寻求创新技术，以经济高效的方式解决 Cr(VI) 污染问题 环境可持续的方式。 由于相关技术挑战，缺乏降低水中 Cr(VI) 含量的经济有效的技术 现有的物理/化学方法，包括成本高，需要处理二次废物 溪流和性能可能容易受到进水地球化学的影响。具体来说，需要 新技术能够可靠地将 Cr(VI) 降低至非常低的十亿分之一水平，同时降低成本和减少浪费 优于现有的物理或化学处理技术。 该项目旨在通过材料科学和细菌还原的新颖结合来满足这一需求 固定化。与传统的物理或化学技术相比，这项新技术不 产生危险的二次废物流。此外，所提出的技术提供了独特的氧化还原灵活性， 即使水文地质特征可能发生变化，它也能保持有效。这些和其他 优势有助于将所提出的技术定位为一种高效的异位或原位处理方法 实现水中 Cr(VI) 的低浓度。 在拟议的项目中，通过综合动力学开发了拟议技术的原型 全基因组转录研究支持的各种操作条件下的研究。此外 为处理系统开发最佳参数，该项目还将提供对独特的见解 生理学用于实现 Cr(VI) 的还原固定。开发复合材料 以迭代方式部署高密度的目标培养物，最终选择一种复合材料 使用合成水和实际受污染地下水进行连续流反应器研究进行评估。 该项目的成果将是一项新技术的概念验证，可实现高效、环保、 和具有成本效益的 Cr(VI) 治疗。因此，该项目有望提供关键的 保护和修复饮用水供应免受铬污染的必要工具，因此 促进公共安全和环境健康。