Intergenerational effects of America's opioid crisis: Parental drug use and offspring health

美国阿片类药物危机的代际影响：父母吸毒与后代健康

基本信息

批准号：
10041167
负责人：
Angelica Meinhofer
金额：
$ 17.95万
依托单位：
WEILL MEDICAL COLL OF CORNELL UNIV
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-07-01 至 2025-06-30
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10041167
关键词：
Address Adolescence Adolescent Behavior Adult Affect Age Alcohol or Other Drugs use Algorithms Americas Angelica Behavioral Biostatistical Methods Birth Caring Case Management Cessation of life Characteristics Child Child Care Child Health Child Health Services Child Welfare Childhood Chronic Cohort Studies Communicable Diseases Country Data Data Linkages Data Set Development Domestic Violence Drug usage Early Intervention Economic Policy Educational workshop Elderly Epidemiologic Methods Epidemiology Evaluation Exhibits Exposure to Family Foundations Funding Goals Health Health system Imprisonment Injury Institutionalization Interdisciplinary Study Knowledge Lead Life Life Cycle Stages Light Link Literature Longitudinal Studies Medicaid Mental Health Mental disorders Mentored Research Scientist Development Award Mentors Mentorship Methods Morbidity - disease rate Mothers Nature Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome Newborn Infant Opioid Outcome Overdose Parents Pharmaceutical Preparations Poisoning Policies Population Study Pregnancy Pregnant Women Prevention Problem behavior Process Provider Research Research Design Research Personnel Residential Treatment Resources Sampling Scoring Method Services Survival Analysis System Time Training Training Activity Transportation Trauma United States Vulnerable Populations adverse childhood events algorithm training behavioral health care outcomes career child services clinical practice complex data data management design development policy early childhood early life adversity early life exposure early onset experience fetal foster care health care service utilization health economics heroin use illicit opioid improved in utero indexing intergenerational maltreatment middle childhood mortality multilevel analysis offspring opioid epidemic opioid exposure opioid use opioid use disorder pediatric trauma perinatal period physical conditioning population based prenatal exposure prescription opioid prescription opioid misuse programs screening skills socioeconomics substance abuse treatment theories traumatic event

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT The burden of America's opioid crisis has heavily fallen on children, a vulnerable population increasingly exposed to opioids in utero or childhood through parental opioid use (POU). POU exposure in utero may lead to a newborn experiencing neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome, while POU exposure in childhood may lead to a child experiencing maltreatment and family separation due to parental drug overdose mortality, parental institutionalization, or foster care placement. Life course theory postulates that early life adversity, especially in utero and early childhood, may lead to lifelong physical and mental health, substance use, behavioral, and socioeconomic problems. This K01 Mentored Research Scientist Development Award application proposes a training and research plan that will support Dr. Angélica Meinhofer on a path towards independence, focused on elucidating the impact of exposure to POU in early life (in utero up to age 8) on mental health disorders, chronic conditions, infectious diseases, injuries, and healthcare utilization in early and middle childhood. The training plan supplements Dr. Meinhofer's prior expertise in opioid use disorders, health economics, and policy evaluation with training in (1) child health with a life course perspective, (2) behavioral health systems and services for children and families, (3) epidemiology and biostatistics methods, and (4) complex data management and linkage algorithms. Dr. Meinhofer will achieve the proposed training objectives with a combination of formal coursework, workshops, and hands-on experience, as well as the mentorship of Dr. Bruce Schackman, Dr. Yuhua Bao, Dr. Katherine Keyes, and Dr. Rachel Dunifon. Drawing from the Medicaid Analytic eXtract (MAX) linked with other datasets and combining a longitudinal, population-based study design with difference-in-differences and propensity score methods, Dr. Meinhofer will use the knowledge and skills acquired through these training activities to achieve the following aims: (1) Estimate the association between exposure to opioids in utero and physical and mental health, and healthcare utilization in early childhood; (2) Estimate the association between exposure to parental drug overdose mortality in early childhood and physical and mental health, injuries, and healthcare utilization in early and middle childhood; and (3) Estimate the association between exposure to parental opioid use disorders medication treatment in early childhood and physical and mental health, injuries, and healthcare utilization in early and middle childhood. Understanding how early life exposure to POU may affect offspring outcomes over the life course provides a strong foundation upon which clinicians and policymakers can design a more proactive, coordinated, family-centered, and overall more effective agenda. The proposed K01 Award will provide Dr. Meinhofer with the resources, training, and mentoring needed to become an R01-funded independent investigator leading a multidisciplinary research program to inform policies for improving the wellbeing of children and families affected by parental substance use.

项目概要/摘要美国阿片类药物危机的负担严重落在儿童身上，他们是一个日益脆弱的群体在子宫内或儿童时期通过父母使用阿片类药物 (POU) 接触阿片类药物可能会导致。患有新生儿阿片戒断综合征的新生儿，而儿童时期接触 POU 可能会导致对于因父母吸毒过量而遭受虐待和家庭分离的儿童死亡，父母生命历程理论指出，生命早期的逆境，尤其是在生活中。子宫内和幼儿期，可能会导致终生的身心健康、物质使用、行为和本 K01 指导研究科学家发展奖申请提出了培训和研究计划将支持 Angélica Meinhofer 博士走上独立之路，重点关注阐明生命早期（在子宫内直至 8 岁）接触 POU 对精神健康障碍的影响，慢性病、传染病、伤害以及儿童早期和中期的医疗保健利用。培训计划补充了 Meinhofer 博士先前在阿片类药物使用障碍、卫生经济学和政策方面的专业知识通过以下方面的培训进行评估：(1) 从生命历程的角度来看儿童健康，(2) 行为健康系统和为儿童和家庭提供的服务，(3) 流行病学和生物统计学方法，以及 (4) 复杂数据 Meinhofer 博士将通过以下方法实现拟议的培训目标：正式课程、研讨会和实践经验以及博士的指导相结合。 Bruce Schackman、Yuhua Bao 博士、Katherine Keyes 博士和 Rachel Dunifon 博士来自医疗补助计划。分析提取 (MAX) 与其他数据集链接并结合纵向、基于人群的研究通过双重差异和倾向评分方法进行设计，Meinhofer 博士将利用知识和通过这些培训活动获得的技能，以实现以下目标：（1）估计关联子宫内接触阿片类药物与身心健康以及早期医疗保健利用之间的关系童年；（2）估计早期父母药物过量死亡率之间的关联。儿童期和身心健康、伤害以及儿童早期和中期的医疗保健利用； (3) 估计暴露于父母阿片类药物使用障碍药物治疗之间的关联幼儿期和早中期的身心健康、伤害和医疗保健利用了解生命早期接触 POU 可能如何影响后代的生命历程。为参议员和政策制定者设计更积极主动、拟议的 K01 奖将为 Dr. 提供协调、以家庭为中心、整体上更有效的议程。 Meinhofer 拥有成为 R01 资助的独立人士所需的资源、培训和指导研究人员领导一个多学科研究项目，为改善人民福祉的政策提供信息受父母药物使用影响的儿童和家庭。