Building Research Capacity for Firearm Safety Among Children

建设儿童枪支安全研究能力

• 批准号: 10002246
• 负责人: REBECCA M. CUNNINGHAM
• 金额: $ 91.55万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-09-05 至 2022-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10002246
• 关键词: Address; Adolescent; Adult; Advocate; Affect; African American; American; Area; Attention; Behavior Therapy; Cause of Death; Cessation of life; Characteristics; Child; Childhood; Childhood Injury; Communities; Consensus; Data; Data Collection; Data Set; Databases; Development; Emergency Care; Epidemiology; Family; Fatal injury; Firearms; Funding; Future; Goals; Grant; Gun injury; Guns; Human Resources; Improve Access; Incidence; Injury; Institute of Medicine (U.S.); Interdisciplinary Study; Legal; Literature; Measures; Mental Health; Morbidity - disease rate; Online Systems; Outcome; Ownership; Pattern; Peer Review; Pilot Projects; Politics; Population; Postdoctoral Fellow; Prevention; Prevention Research; Prevention strategy; Primary Prevention; Publications; Publishing; Recommendation; Registries; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Research Proposals; Research Training; Resources; Rights; Risk Factors; Rural; Safety; Science; Secondary Prevention; Series; Societies; Standardization; Students; Suicide; Teenagers; Testing; Textiles; Toddler; Training; Translations; Vehicle crash; Veterans; Work; Youth; assault; bullying; data archive; dating violence; epidemiologic data; evidence base; improved; injury prevention; innovation; knowledge translation; mortality; motor vehicle injury; multidisciplinary; novel; preservation; protective factors; psychologic; repository; secondary analysis; social; success; suicidal; surveillance data; symposium; webinar

Among U.S. children, firearm-related fatalities are the 2nd leading cause of death and include the unintentional, accidental discharge of a firearm by a toddler with a playmate, the use of a firearm to self-inflict harm by a suicidal teen, and the escalation of bullying or dating violence to lethal means by an adolescent. Substantial disparities exist in firearm-related injuries, with African-American children disproportionally impacted by unintentional and assaultive firearm injury, and rural youth disproportionately dying of suicide by firearm. Childhood firearm injury rates have remained unchanged in the recent decades despite significant reductions in non-firearm fatal injuries due to an approach that includes improved epidemiologic data, behavior modifications, and technological solutions. In contrast, research funding and publications for firearm injury have lagged, leading to a current deficit of both established and developing researchers, as well as a lack of pilot work and literature needed to support large scale studies. A 2013 Institute of Medicine (IOM) report detailed the urgent need for novel and innovative research to address this deficit, however, was primarily focused on adult populations. This proposal builds on these IOM recommendations and utilizes multidisciplinary research expertise across the U.S., as well as stakeholder partner groups of gun owners, to catalyze the science of childhood firearm injury prevention with the overarching goal of reducing firearm injuries among children while also respecting gun ownership as an important part of the cultural fabric of US society. Our specific aims are: Aim #1: Create a multidisciplinary team of researchers and stakeholder partners to define a pediatric-specific firearm injury research agenda for the five workgroups; Aim #2: Stimulate novel firearm prevention research by having workgroups conduct pilot studies that address key research questions identified in Aim 1, to provide preliminary data that informs large-scale studies; Aim #3: Improve access to and use of national firearm data and ease future secondary analyses by: 1) Establishing a web-based searchable data archive for childhood firearm injury that is enabled with variable-level searching and cross-study comparisons; and, 2) Enhancing and improving pediatric firearm injury data collection in existing pediatric datasets such as the PECARN core data project and the PECARN registry database; Aim #4: Build a cadre of national research scholars with multidisciplinary training and expertise that will serve as an emerging pipeline for future research. Expected outcomes of this five-year grant will be to create six research resources: 1) consensus documents detailing the state of the science and key research questions for pediatric firearm injury prevention; 2) pilot data to support five large-scale research proposals; 3) a web-based data archive and searchable research repository on childhood firearm injury; 4) enhanced data collection opportunities on childhood firearm injuries through existing national networks (e.g., PECARN); 5) a cadre of new researchers (postdoctoral students) focused in this research area; and 6) a webinar series to inform researchers nationally in this topic area.

在美国儿童中，与枪支相关的死亡是第二大死因，包括意外、 幼儿与玩伴意外开枪，儿童使用枪支自残 有自杀倾向的青少年，以及青少年的欺凌或约会暴力升级为致命手段。重大的 与枪支相关的伤害存在差异，非洲裔美国儿童受到枪支伤害的比例尤为严重 意外和攻击性枪伤，以及农村青年死于枪械自杀的比例过高。 尽管儿童枪伤率大幅下降，但近几十年来仍保持不变 由于改进的流行病学数据、行为等方法而造成的非枪支致命伤害 修改和技术解决方案。相比之下，有关枪伤的研究经费和出版物却有所增加。 滞后，导致现有研究人员和发展中研究人员目前都缺乏，并且缺乏试点 支持大规模研究所需的工作和文献。 2013 年医学研究所 (IOM) 详细报告 然而，迫切需要新颖和创新的研究来解决这一缺陷，主要集中在 成年人口。该提案以 IOM 建议为基础，并利用多学科研究 美国各地的专业知识以及枪支拥有者的利益相关者合作伙伴团体，以促进科学 预防儿童枪伤，总体目标是减少儿童枪伤，同时 还尊重枪支所有权，将其视为美国社会文化结构的重要组成部分。我们的具体目标是： 目标#1：创建一个由研究人员和利益相关者合作伙伴组成的多学科团队，以定义儿科特定的 五个工作组的枪伤研究议程；目标#2：通过以下方式促进新型枪支预防研究 让工作组开展试点研究，解决目标 1 中确定的关键研究问题，以提供 为大规模研究提供信息的初步数据；目标#3：改善国家枪支数据的获取和使用 并通过以下方式简化未来的二次分析：1）建立基于网络的可搜索儿童数据档案 通过可变级别搜索和交叉研究比较实现枪伤；以及，2) 增强 改进现有儿科数据集（例如 PECARN 核心）中儿科枪伤数据的收集 数据项目和 PECARN 注册数据库；目标#4：建立一支国家研究学者队伍 多学科培训和专业知识将成为未来研究的新兴渠道。预期的 这项为期五年的资助的成果将是创建六项研究资源：1）详细说明的共识文件 儿科枪伤预防的科学现状和关键研究问题； 2) 试点数据 支持五项大型研究计划； 3）基于网络的数据存档和可搜索的研究存储库 关于儿童枪伤； 4) 通过以下方式加强儿童枪伤数据收集机会 现有的国家网络（例如 PECARN）； 5) 一批新的研究人员（博士后）骨干，专注于 本研究领域； 6) 一系列网络研讨会，向全国研究人员通报该主题领域的情况。