Low cost detector for cardiac SPECT imaging

用于心脏 SPECT 成像的低成本探测器

• 批准号: 10001074
• 负责人: Leonard Cirignano
• 金额: $ 49.34万
• 依托单位: RADIATION MONITORING DEVICES, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-09-01 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10001074
• 关键词: 3-Dimensional; ASIC channel; Aluminum; American; Amplifiers; Anodes; Area; Arizona; Barbering; Bromides; Calibration; Cardiac; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cathodes; Cause of Death; CdZnTe; Charge; Chemicals; Chronic; Chronic Disease; Coronary Arteriosclerosis; Crystallization; Death Rate; Dependence; Deposition; Detection; Diagnosis; Diagnostic; Discipline of Nuclear Medicine; Disease; Electrodes; Electronics; Estimation Techniques; Event; Face; Fee-for-Service Plans; Floods; Gamma Cameras; Gamma Rays; Gases; Generations; Goals; Growth; Health; Heart Diseases; Heart failure; Hybrids; Image; Individual; Isotopes; Laboratories; Lead; Light; Location; Measurement; Measures; Medical; Medicare; Michigan; Modality; Myocardial; Myocardial Ischemia; Nitrogen; Patients; Performance; Phase; Photons; Physiologic pulse; Polishes; Prevalence; Procedures; Process; Property; Reading; Resolution; Scanning; Scientist; Semiconductors; Shapes; Signal Induction; Signal Transduction; Source; Spectrum Analysis; Stroke; Surface; System; Techniques; Temperature; Testing; Thallium; Thick; Time; Universities; base; cardiac single photon emission computed tomography; cost; data acquisition; density; design; detector; disability; imager; imaging detector; imaging system; improved; melting; outcome forecast; scale up; service programs; single photon emission computed tomography; tool; voltage

Abstract Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been the leading killer of Americans for decades. CVD is also our nation’s costliest chronic disease. In 2014, stroke and heart failure were the most expensive chronic conditions in the Medicare fee-for-service program. Based on prevalence, death rates, disability and cost, CVD will continue to be the most burdensome disease Americans will face in the next decades. It is estimated that total costs related to CVD are more than $ 500 billion [AHA]. Although there are other modalities used to diagnose heart disease, myocardial SPECT remains the best diagnostic tool for assessing myocardial ischemia, and thus the extent of CAD and its prognosis. Myocardial SPECT scans are by far the most common procedures in US nuclear medicine departments. For these reasons, we can expect that significant improvements in the efficacy of myocardial SPECT will have major impacts on patient health and medical practice. Many of the limitations of myocardial SPECT imaging originate in deficiencies of the gamma camera. Recently, a new generation of cardiac SPECT cameras have been developed that make use of pixelated CdZnTe (CZT) detectors that directly read out electrical signals from interacting gamma rays. These cameras demonstrate improved spatial resolution, detection efficiency and energy resolution over conventional gamma cameras. The initial results from this first generation of CZT cardiac SPECT cameras seem promising. However, problems with CZT may limit the possibility of another CZT camera generation with larger CZT detectors and improved performance. CZT crystals are difficult to grow; good CZT detectors are difficult to produce, the yield is low, and they are consequently very expensive. This application proposes to develop imaging detectors from thallium bromide (TlBr), a dense, high Z, wide band gap semiconductor. TlBr has several advantages over CZT including significantly lower melting point, as-grown high resistivity at room temperature, higher Z and density so less material is required to achieve a given detection efficiency and higher mobility-lifetime product of holes making efficient orthogonal strip detectors feasible. RMD proposes to demonstrate detector modules for use in cardiac SPECT imaging that can be used in existing cardiac semiconductor detector cameras, and that should improve their performance. These detector modules will use a different readout technique, orthogonal strip detection that reduces the number of electronic channels required to read out N2 “pixels” from N2 for a conventional pixelated detector to 2N. RMD’s goal is to develop TlBr as a more efficient, less costly alternative to CZT for cardiac SPECT imaging. During Phase I TlBr orthogonal strip detectors with various areas and strip pitch were fabricated and characterized. The feasibility of utilizing TlBr orthogonal strip detectors for cardiac SPECT was demonstrated. During Phase II larger area imaging modules will be developed that can be compared with existing CZT based modules in cardiac SPECT scanners.

抽象的 数十年来，心血管疾病（CVD）一直是美国人的主要杀手。 CVD也是我们的 国家最昂贵的慢性病。 2014年，中风和心力衰竭是最昂贵的慢性病 在医疗保险费用服务计划中。根据患病率，死亡率，残疾和成本，CVD将 继续成为美国人在接下来的几十年中将面临的最易碎的疾病。据估计总数 与CVD相关的成本超过5000亿美元[AHA]。尽管还有其他方式用于诊断 心脏病，心肌SPECT仍然是评估心肌缺血的最佳诊断工具，因此 CAD及其预后的程度。心肌扫描是迄今为止我们最常见的程序 核医学部门。由于这些原因，我们可以预期效率的重大提高 心肌SPECT将对患者的健康和医疗实践产生重大影响。许多限制 心肌Spect Imaging的作品起源于伽马相机的缺陷。 最近，已经开发了新一代的心脏SPECT摄像头，该摄像头使用像素化 CDZNTE（CZT）检测器直接从相互作用的γ射线中读取电信号。这些相机 证明比传统伽马相比提高了空间分辨率，检测效率和能量分辨率 相机。第一代CZT心脏SPECT摄像机的最初结果似乎很有希望。 但是，CZT的问题可能会限制另一个CZT摄像机生成更大CZT的可能性 探测器和改进的性能。 CZT晶体很难生长。好的CZT探测器很难 产品，产量很低，因此它们非常昂贵。 该应用程序提出了从溴化thallium溴化物（TLBR）开发成像探测器的建议，该探测器是密集的，高Z， 宽带隙半导体。 TLBR比CZT具有多个优点，包括明显降低的熔化 点，在室温下增长的高耐药性，更高的Z和密度，因此需要更少的材料才能 达到给定的检测效率和较高的孔的迁移率，使得有效正交 条带检测器可行。 RMD提议证明用于用于心脏Spect成像的检测器模块 可用于现有的心脏半导体检测器摄像头，这应该改善其性能。 这些检测器模块将使用不同的读出技术，即正交条检测，可减少该技术 用于读取N2的N2“像素”的电子通道数量 2n。 RMD的目标是将TLBR作为心脏SPECT成像的更高效，成本较低的替代品。 在第一阶段TLBR正交探测器中，有各个区域和脱衣舞螺距，并 特征。证明了将TLBR正交探测器用于心脏SPECT的可行性。 在第二阶段，将开发较大的区域成像模块，可以与现有的基于CZT进行比较 心脏SPECT扫描仪中的模块。