The Health and Education Impacts of Long-Run Exposure to Pollution in Childhood: Evidence from the US Army

童年长期接触污染对健康和教育的影响：来自美国陆军的证据

基本信息

批准号：
10705011
负责人：
Adriana Lleras-Muney
金额：
$ 18.66万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2022
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2022-09-30 至 2024-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10705011
关键词：
Affect Air Pollution Army Personnel Asthma Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Birth Blood Circulation Cardiovascular Physiology Characteristics Child Child Health Childhood Cognition Data Drug Prescriptions Drug usage Economics Education Educational Status Environment Exposure to Family Health Health Status Hospitalization Human Impairment Individual Literature Location Long-Term Effects Lung Mental Health Military Personnel Nature Neighborhoods Outcome Parents Penetration Policies Pollution Records Research Respiratory physiology Running Sampling Schools Socioeconomic Status Soldier Standardization Testing Uninsured Medical Expense Visit cognitive performance college fine particles health data health economics insurance claims interest low socioeconomic status military family physical conditioning pollutant preference prevent primary outcome respiratory teacher young adult

项目摘要

The Health and Educational Impacts from Long-Run Exposure to Pollution in Childhood: Evidence from the US Army (30 lines) A large body of research documents that childhood circumstances have significant long-term effects on individuals' lifetime outcomes (Almond et al. 2018). We aim to assess the causal effect of long-term air pollution exposure throughout childhood on the health and education of children and young adults. We specifically focus on the pollutant fine particulate matter (PM2.5), which has detrimental effects on the body because it penetrates deep into the lungs and crosses over to the bloodstream. There are many studies that suggest that long term PM2.5 exposure is associated with harm to both health and cognition. However, because children exposed to higher levels of air pollution for many years are more likely to come from families of lower socio-economic status, which also impacts health and cognition directly, these studies cannot establish causal effects from PM2.5 exposure over many years. To estimate the causal impacts of long-run pollution exposure, we focus on military children. This focus on the military is important, as previous studies suggest that pollution exposure in military families is determined by the needs of the military rather than the preferences of the soldier, making it independent from the health or socio-economic status of those exposed. Using military personnel records, we will construct a large sample of children followed for up to 20 years. These data will be matched to pollution using state-of-the art satellite-based data. Using administrative data from health insurance claims and education records, we will investigate the impacts of long term PM2.5 exposure on a range of health and education outcomes.

童年长期接触污染对健康和教育的影响：来自美国陆军的证据（30 行）大量研究表明，童年环境对长期影响具有重要意义。对个人一生结果的影响（Almond et al. 2018）。我们的目标是评估因果关系整个童年时期长期接触空气污染对儿童健康和教育的影响儿童和年轻人。我们特别关注污染物细颗粒物（PM2.5），这对身体有不利影响，因为它深入肺部并穿过进入血液。许多研究表明，长期暴露于 PM2.5 与对健康和认知的损害有关。但由于儿童接触的环境较高多年来空气污染水平更可能来自社会经济地位较低的家庭状态，也直接影响健康和认知，这些研究无法确定因果关系多年来接触 PM2.5 的影响。为了估计长期污染暴露的因果影响，我们重点关注军人儿童。这关注军队很重要，因为之前的研究表明，军队中的污染暴露家庭是由军队的需要而不是士兵的喜好决定的，使其独立于暴露者的健康或社会经济状况。使用军事根据人员记录，我们将构建一个大型儿童样本，跟踪长达 20 年。这些将使用最先进的卫星数据将数据与污染进行匹配。使用行政管理来自健康保险索赔和教育记录的数据，我们将调查长期的影响长期 PM2.5 暴露对一系列健康和教育成果的影响。