Dynamics and Causal Functions of Large-Scale Cortical and Subcortical Networks

大规模皮层和皮层下网络的动力学和因果函数

• 批准号: 9789700
• 负责人: Jonathan Rickel Wolpaw
• 金额: $ 0.49万
• 依托单位: WADSWORTH CENTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-09-30 至 2020-09-01
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9789700
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Anatomy; Animals; Behavior; Brain; Brain imaging; Brain region; Clinical; Communication; Data Collection; Development; Diagnosis; Disease; Electric Stimulation; Electrodes; Electroencephalography; Engineering; Etiology; Frequencies; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Generations; Goals; High Prevalence; Human; Implanted Electrodes; Individual; Kinetics; Knowledge; Language; Linguistics; Location; Measures; Mental disorders; Methods; Modality; Modeling; Music; Neuroanatomy; Neurons; Neurosciences; Patients; Performance; Population; Process; Research; Resolution; Role; Site; Spatial Distribution; Specificity; Speech; Speech Perception; Structure; Surface; System; Techniques; Testing; Time; United States; Work; brain abnormalities; brain surgery; experience; imaging modality; improved; insight; nervous system disorder; neurophysiology; nonhuman primate; novel diagnostics; novel therapeutics; operation; programs; relating to nervous system; response; spatiotemporal; temporal measurement

Project Summary/Abstract Improved understanding of the brain processes underlying normal and abnormal function is necessary for devising better ways to diagnose, alleviate, or cure neurological or psychiatric disorders. It is clear that even for simple behaviors, such processes depend on interactions among multiple brain regions. However, these interactions themselves are less well understood. This inadequate understanding of inter-regional interactions impedes the generation of substantive models of brain functions and the new diagnostic or therapeutic possibilities that such models could introduce. These deficiencies reflect in part the limitations of the widely used imaging modalities. Detailed analysis of the operation of a network of brain regions requires comprehensive coverage, high spatial resolution, and high temporal resolution. However, existing techniques either lack high temporal resolution, high spatial resolution, or comprehensive coverage. Thus, they cannot track the spatial and temporal progression of inter-regional interactions. Intracranial recordings using electrocorticographic (ECoG) electrodes placed on the brain surface, or depth electrodes (stereoencephalography; SEEG) placed in regions and sulcal depths not accessible with ECoG, can provide wide coverage and high temporal and spatial resolution. Furthermore, electrical stimulation through these electrodes can assess causal roles and inter-regional connections. However, because intracranial electrodes are only available in patients awaiting brain surgery, intracranial studies are typically limited to small numbers of subjects with variable electrode coverage. In the research proposed here, our established and highly experienced ECoG/SEEG consortium will engage in a formalized research program that seeks to begin to reveal the detailed connectivity, causality, and dynamic neural processes supporting human speech perception. Research to achieve our two project aims will take full advantage of the opportunities afforded by intracranial electrodes. The proposed work will make use of an established interdisciplinary intracranial consortium, with four data collection sites providing access to dozens of subjects per year. The consortium will apply itself to answering new questions about dynamic inter-areal function underlying speech perception. If successful, the proposed work should not only add new neuroscientific understanding, but also formally validate a consortium structure as a model for intracranial research.

项目摘要/摘要 对正常功能和异常功能的脑过程的理解是必要的 设计更好的方法来诊断，减轻或治愈神经或精神疾病。显然，即使 对于简单的行为，此类过程取决于多个大脑区域之间的相互作用。但是，这些 互动本身不太了解。对区域间互动的理解不足 阻碍了大脑功能的实质性模型以及新的诊断或治疗潜力的产生 这样的模型可以引入。 这些定义反映了广泛使用的成像方式的局限性。详细分析 大脑区域网络的运行需要全面的覆盖范围，高空间分辨率和高度 临时分辨率。但是，现有技术要么缺乏高临时分辨率，高空间分辨率， 或全面覆盖范围。那就是他们无法跟踪区域间的空间和临时进展 互动。使用皮质学（ECOG）电极放置在大脑表面上的颅内记录，或 深度电子（立体态摄影； Seeg）放置在区域，沟深度无法与ECOG访问， 可以提供广泛的覆盖范围以及高临时和空间分辨率。此外，通过 这些电子可以评估因果关系和区域间连接。但是，因为颅内电子 仅在等待脑外科手术的患者中可用，颅内研究通常仅限于少量 具有可变电极覆盖率的受试者。在这里提出的研究中，我们建立了良好的经验 ECOG/SEEG财团将参与正式的研究计划，该计划旨在开始揭示详细的研究 连通性，因果关系和动态神经过程支持人类言语感知。要实现的研究 我们的两个项目目标将充分利用颅内电极提供的机会。 拟议的工作将利用已建立的跨学科内部财团，并有四个数据 收集站点每年提供数十个主题的访问权限。该财团将应用于回答 关于动态跨界功能的新问题，语音感知的基础。如果成功，拟议的工作 不仅应该添加新的神经科学理解，还应正式验证财团结构 颅内研究模型。