Dynamics and Causal Functions of Large-Scale Cortical and Subcortical Networks

大规模皮层和皮层下网络的动力学和因果函数

• 批准号: 9789700
• 负责人: Jonathan Rickel Wolpaw
• 金额: $ 0.49万
• 依托单位: WADSWORTH CENTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-09-30 至 2020-09-01
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9789700
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Anatomy; Animals; Behavior; Brain; Brain imaging; Brain region; Clinical; Communication; Data Collection; Development; Diagnosis; Disease; Electric Stimulation; Electrodes; Electroencephalography; Engineering; Etiology; Frequencies; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Generations; Goals; High Prevalence; Human; Implanted Electrodes; Individual; Kinetics; Knowledge; Language; Linguistics; Location; Measures; Mental disorders; Methods; Modality; Modeling; Music; Neuroanatomy; Neurons; Neurosciences; Patients; Performance; Population; Process; Research; Resolution; Role; Site; Spatial Distribution; Specificity; Speech; Speech Perception; Structure; Surface; System; Techniques; Testing; Time; United States; Work; brain abnormalities; brain surgery; experience; imaging modality; improved; insight; nervous system disorder; neurophysiology; nonhuman primate; novel diagnostics; novel therapeutics; operation; programs; relating to nervous system; response; spatiotemporal; temporal measurement

Project Summary/Abstract Improved understanding of the brain processes underlying normal and abnormal function is necessary for devising better ways to diagnose, alleviate, or cure neurological or psychiatric disorders. It is clear that even for simple behaviors, such processes depend on interactions among multiple brain regions. However, these interactions themselves are less well understood. This inadequate understanding of inter-regional interactions impedes the generation of substantive models of brain functions and the new diagnostic or therapeutic possibilities that such models could introduce. These deficiencies reflect in part the limitations of the widely used imaging modalities. Detailed analysis of the operation of a network of brain regions requires comprehensive coverage, high spatial resolution, and high temporal resolution. However, existing techniques either lack high temporal resolution, high spatial resolution, or comprehensive coverage. Thus, they cannot track the spatial and temporal progression of inter-regional interactions. Intracranial recordings using electrocorticographic (ECoG) electrodes placed on the brain surface, or depth electrodes (stereoencephalography; SEEG) placed in regions and sulcal depths not accessible with ECoG, can provide wide coverage and high temporal and spatial resolution. Furthermore, electrical stimulation through these electrodes can assess causal roles and inter-regional connections. However, because intracranial electrodes are only available in patients awaiting brain surgery, intracranial studies are typically limited to small numbers of subjects with variable electrode coverage. In the research proposed here, our established and highly experienced ECoG/SEEG consortium will engage in a formalized research program that seeks to begin to reveal the detailed connectivity, causality, and dynamic neural processes supporting human speech perception. Research to achieve our two project aims will take full advantage of the opportunities afforded by intracranial electrodes. The proposed work will make use of an established interdisciplinary intracranial consortium, with four data collection sites providing access to dozens of subjects per year. The consortium will apply itself to answering new questions about dynamic inter-areal function underlying speech perception. If successful, the proposed work should not only add new neuroscientific understanding, but also formally validate a consortium structure as a model for intracranial research.

项目概要/摘要 提高对正常和异常功能背后的大脑过程的理解对于 设计更好的方法来诊断、缓解或治愈神经或精神疾病显然是这样的。 对于简单的行为，这样的过程取决于多个大脑区域之间的相互作用。 对区域间相互作用本身的了解还不够充分。 阻碍大脑功能实质性模型的生成以及新的诊断或治疗可能性 此类模型可以引入。 这些缺陷部分反映了广泛使用的成像方式的详细分析的局限性。 大脑区域网络的运作需要全面的覆盖、高空间分辨率和高 然而，现有技术要么缺乏高时间分辨率，要么缺乏高空间分辨率。 因此，他们无法跟踪区域间的空间和时间进展。 使用放置在大脑表面的皮质电图 (ECoG) 电极进行颅内记录，或 深度电极（立体脑描记术；SEEG）放置在 ECoG 无法到达的区域和脑沟深度， 可以提供广泛的覆盖范围和高时间和空间分辨率此外，通过电刺激。 这些电极可以评估因果作用和区域间连接，但由于颅内电极。 仅适用于等待脑部手术的患者，颅内研究通常仅限于少量 在此提出的研究中，我们的经验丰富且经验丰富的研究对象。 ECoG/SEEG 联盟将参与一项正式的研究计划，旨在开始揭示详细的 连接性、因果关系和动态神经过程支持人类语音感知研究以实现。 我们的两个项目目标将充分利用颅内电极提供的机会。 拟议的工作将利用一个已建立的跨学科颅内联盟，其中有四个数据 该联盟将致力于每年提供数十个主题的收集网站。 关于语音感知背后的动态区域间功能的新问题如果成功，拟议的工作。 不仅应该增加新的神经科学理解，还应该正式验证联盟结构作为 颅内研究模型。