Identifying and evaluating prevention strategies for COVID-19 in correctional facilities

识别和评估惩教设施中的 COVID-19 预防策略

• 批准号: 10723881
• 负责人: Margaret Lind
• 金额: $ 12.68万
• 依托单位: YALE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-08-04 至 2025-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10723881
• 关键词: 2019-nCoV; Active Learning; Advisory Committees; Affect; Award; COVID-19; COVID-19 mortality; COVID-19 prevention; COVID-19 risk; COVID-19 test; COVID-19 vaccination; Calibration; Communicable Diseases; Communities; Complex; Connecticut; Contracts; Coupled; Data; Development; Disease; Effectiveness; Epidemiologist; Epidemiology; Evaluation; Funding; Future; Goals; Government; Growth; Hazard Models; Herd Immunity; Hospitalization; Household; Individual; Infection; Infection Control; Intervention; Jail; Knowledge; Left; Mass Screening; Measurable; Measures; Mentors; Methodology; Methods; Modeling; Modification; Nature; Output; Persons; Phase; Policies; Policy Maker; Population; Predisposition; Prevention Measures; Prevention strategy; Prisons; Protocols documentation; Public Health Schools; Research; Respiratory Tract Infections; Risk; Risk Reduction; Role; SARS-CoV-2 infection; SARS-CoV-2 transmission; Scientist; Social Distance; Social Network; Structure; Testing; Time; Training; Training Programs; United States; Vaccinated; Vaccination; Vaccinee; Vaccines; Validation; Variant; Viral; Vulnerable Populations; adaptive intervention; burden of illness; career; combat; community burden; community-level factor; discrete time; disease transmission; disorder control; effectiveness evaluation; effectiveness testing; evidence base; experience; feasibility testing; flexibility; hazard; health disparity; high risk; improved; infection risk; marginalized population; microbial disease; model development; models and simulation; novel; prevent outbreaks; prevention effectiveness; programs; simulation; skills; symptomatic COVID-19; transmission process; treatment effect; unvaccinated

PROJECT SUMMARY Respiratory infections, including SARS-CoV-2, disproportionately affect residents of correctional facilities (jails and prisons). While the Federal Bureau of Prisons and state Departments of Correction (DOCs) implemented numerous prevention strategies including social distancing protocols, vaccination campaigns, and testing programs to mitigate transmission and reduce the disease burden, overarching guidance on COVID-19 prevention within correctional facilities is limited. As a result, DOCs must develop and modify their policies based on existing evidence regarding the effectiveness of COVID-19 prevention strategies within correctional facilities. Unfortunately, the existing evidence base is limited. Specifically, the effectiveness of prevention strategies has principally been estimated in isolation (not in combination with other strategies) and while holding the variant constant. Because of this, DOCs are left with little evidence on how to implement and adapt prevention strategies in combination and under the ever-changing COVID-19 landscape. With the goal of expanding the evidence base for infectious disease prevention strategies within correctional facilities, we will estimate the effects of testing and vaccination on the burden of COVID-19 in both jails and prisons. To do so, we will develop an individual level discrete time hazard (transmission) model of SARS-CoV-2 and test the feasibility and reliability of a cutting-edge statistical causal inference approach as an alternative to transmission modeling (Aims 1 & 2). To examine the effects of testing and vaccination in combination and to identify scenarios when strategies require modification to contain spread and reduce disease burden, we will simulate waves of SARS-CoV-2 in the community and identify the strategy combinations required to prevent outbreaks within facilities using our transmission models (Aim 3). The proposed simulation approach will allow for the simulation of SARS-CoV-2 transmission and disease under known and future, theoretical scenarios. The execution of the proposed aims will strengthen the evidence available to DOCs and other policymakers and could make possible the estimation of indirect treatment effects under a causal framework within complex, nested social networks. In addition, their execution, coupled with the proposed training program comprising coursework, structured mentoring, and experiential learning, will allow Dr. Lind (the candidate) to enrich her knowledge of infectious disease transmission modeling, causal inference methods for treatment effect estimation in the presence of interference, and health disparities and infection control within a highly marginalized population, residents of correctional facilities. The candidate has established an expert mentoring and advisory team led by Dr. Albert Ko at the Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases Department at the Yale School of Public Health to enable this training, guide Dr. Lind's transition to independence during the R00 award phase and support her growth as an independently funded infectious disease epidemiologist.

项目概要 包括 SARS-CoV-2 在内的呼吸道感染对惩教设施（监狱）的居民造成不成比例的影响 和监狱）。虽然联邦监狱局和州惩教部 (DOC) 实施了 许多预防策略，包括社交距离协议、疫苗接种运动和检测 减轻传播和减轻疾病负担的计划，关于 COVID-19 的总体指导 惩教设施内的预防措施有限。因此，商务部必须根据 关于惩教设施内 COVID-19 预防策略有效性的现有证据。 不幸的是，现有的证据基础有限。具体来说，预防策略的有效性 主要是单独估计的（不与其他策略结合）并同时保留变量 持续的。因此，DOC 对于如何实施和调整预防策略几乎没有证据 在不断变化的 COVID-19 形势下。以扩大证据为目标 作为惩教设施内传染病预防策略的基础，我们将评估 在看守所和监狱中进行新冠肺炎 (COVID-19) 检测和疫苗接种。为此，我们将开发一个 SARS-CoV-2个体水平离散时间风险（传播）模型并测试可行性和可靠性 尖端统计因果推理方法作为传输建模的替代方案（目标 1 和 2）。 检查检测和疫苗接种相结合的效果，并确定策略需要时的情景 为了遏制传播并减轻疾病负担，我们将在 社区并使用我们的技术确定预防设施内疫情爆发所需的策略组合 传输模型（目标 3）。所提出的模拟方法将允许模拟 SARS-CoV-2 已知和未来的理论情景下的传播和疾病。拟议目标的执行 将加强向商务部和其他政策制定者提供的证据，并使估算成为可能 复杂、嵌套的社交网络中因果框架下的间接治疗效果。此外，他们的 执行，加上拟议的培训计划，包括课程作业、结构化指导和 体验式学习，将使林德博士（候选人）丰富她对传染病的知识 传输建模，存在干扰时估计治疗效果的因果推理方法， 高度边缘化人群、惩教机构居民的健康差异和感染控制 设施。候选人已在该院建立了由Albert Ko博士领导的专家指导和咨询团队 耶鲁大学公共卫生学院微生物疾病流行病学系负责开展本次培训、指南 Lind 博士在 R00 奖项阶段过渡到独立并支持她作为独立人士的成长 资助传染病流行病学家。

项目成果

Evidence of leaky protection following COVID-19 vaccination and SARS-CoV-2 infection in an incarcerated population.

被监禁人群在接种 COVID-19 疫苗和感染 SARS-CoV-2 后存在保护漏洞的证据。

• 发表时间: 2023-08-19
• 影响因子: 16.6
• 作者: Lind, Margaret L;Dorion, Murilo;Houde, Amy J;Lansing, Mary;Lapidus, Sarah;Thomas, Russell;Yildirim, Inci;Omer, Saad B;Schulz, Wade L;Andrews, Jason R;Hitchings, Matt D T;Kennedy, Byron S;Richeson, Robert P;Cummings, Derek A T;Ko, Albert I
• 通讯作者: Ko, Albert I