Mapping links between real-world diversity, positive emotion, and neural dynamics in anhedonia

映射现实世界多样性、积极情绪和快感缺失的神经动力学之间的联系

基本信息

批准号：
10716446
负责人：
AARON S HELLER
金额：
$ 62.52万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI CORAL GABLES
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2023
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2023-07-01 至 2028-04-30
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10716446
关键词：
Address Affect Affective Age Anhedonia Antidepressive Agents Automobile Driving Behavior Biological Brain Businesses Censuses Chronic stress Clinical Clinical Trials Complex Data Depressed mood Dimensions Disease Emotions Ethnic Origin Exercise Exploratory Behavior Female Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Gender Geography Green space Hippocampus Human Incidence Individual Injections Intervention Link Location Maps Measures Mental Depression Mental Health Mental disorders Methods Neighborhoods Nucleus Accumbens Oceans Pathway interactions Patients Population Density Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders Predisposition Property Race Recording of previous events Recovery Recreation Rest Restaurants Rewards Role Sampling Science Severities Social Interaction Stress Suicide Symptoms Testing Travel Treatment Efficacy Treatment Failure Unemployment Variant Visit Work avoidance behavior depressive symptoms design disability effective intervention experience improved mortality risk negative affect neural neural circuit neural network neuroimaging neuromechanism positive emotional state pre-clinical preclinical study recruit sociodemographics stress symptom therapy development

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY Reduced positive affect is a core symptom of many stress-related psychiatric disorders, including depression and PTSD. Critically, positive affect is not simply the inverse of negative affect, and clinicians struggle to increase positive affect: Antidepressant and psychotherapeutic interventions often reduce depressed mood but are ineffective at increasing positive affect. And yet, qualitative studies of patients themselves indicate that a ‘full recovery’ requires increasing positive emotion, even when other depressive symptoms have subsided. Despite the critical role of positive emotion, very limited work has identified effective interventions to increase real-world positive affect to improve mental health. Guided by preclinical work, we recently discovered that positive affect is increased when going to a greater number of varied locations (“experiential diversity”). Moreover, the association between experiential diversity and positive affect appears to be supported specifically by functional connectivity between the hippocampus and nucleus accumbens–a stress susceptible circuit responsible for assigning reward value to novelty. This finding suggests that increasing experiential diversity may be a plausible real-world intervention to increase positive affect by strengthening specific neural circuits. Leveraging a strong team with complimentary expertise in mobile tracking, resting state fMRI, treatment development, and affective science, this R01 application will expand these initial findings in a large, demographically representative sample encompassing a range of anhedonia severity (from asymptomatic to severe) collecting geolocation (GPS), experience sampling of emotion, and functional MRI to, (1) precisely delineate the specific geospatial features of experiential diversity most strongly linked to increases in momentary (EMA measured) positive affect (e.g., neighborhoods one has never visited, green spaces, beach/ocean); (2) determine whether individuals with higher levels of anhedonia have similar affective benefits from these types of experiential diversity as individuals with lower experiential diversity; (3) determine the neural network circuit mechanisms supporting associations between experiential diversity and affect as a function of anhedonia; and (4) in an independent sample, experimentally induce experiential diversity to determine if it causes increased positive affect. Results from this application will help to define the neural mechanisms by which exploration and experiential diversity predict increases in positive affect and will yield actionable real-world interventions for a clinical trial to improve positive affect in those with heightened anhedonia.

项目概要积极情绪减少是许多与压力相关的精神疾病的核心症状，包括抑郁症重要的是，积极情绪不仅仅是消极情绪的反面，并且很难增加。积极影响：抗抑郁药物和心理治疗干预措施通常可以减轻抑郁情绪，但效果不佳。然而，对患者本身的定性研究表明，“全面的影响”是无效的。即使其他抑郁症状已经消退，“康复”也需要增加积极情绪。尽管积极情绪发挥着关键作用，但确定有效干预措施以提高积极情绪的工作非常有限。在临床前工作的指导下，我们最近发现，现实世界的积极影响可以改善心理健康。当去更多不同的地点时，积极的影响会增加（“体验多样性”）。此外，体验多样性和积极情感之间的关联似乎得到了特别支持通过海马体和伏隔核之间的功能连接——压力敏感回路这一发现表明，增加体验多样性。可能是一种合理的现实世界干预措施，可以通过加强特定的神经回路来增加积极影响。利用一支强大的团队，在移动跟踪、静息状态功能磁共振成像、治疗方面拥有互补的专业知识发展和情感科学，这个 R01 应用程序将在一个大的、具有人口统计学代表性的样本，涵盖一系列快感缺乏严重程度（从无症状到严重）收集地理定位 (GPS)、情绪体验采样和功能 MRI，以 (1) 精确地描绘与瞬时增加最密切相关的体验多样性的具体地理空间特征（EMA 测量）积极影响（例如，从未去过的社区、绿地、海滩/海洋）（2）；确定快感缺乏程度较高的个体是否从这些类型中获得类似的情感益处 (3)确定神经网络电路支持体验多样性和情感之间关联的机制作为快感缺失的函数； (4) 在独立样本中，通过实验诱导体验多样性以确定其是否导致增加该应用的结果将有助于定义探索和影响的神经机制。体验多样性预示着积极影响的增加，并将产生可操作的现实世界干预措施改善哮喘快感缺失患者积极情绪的临床试验。