Neurovascular Control of Renal Blood Flow During Exercise in African American Adults

非裔美国成年人运动期间肾血流的神经血管控制

• 批准号: 10653381
• 负责人: Rachel Claire Drew
• 金额: $ 43.48万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS BOSTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-05-03 至 2025-04-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10653381
• 关键词: Acceleration; Acute; Adult; African American; African American population; American Heart Association; Area; Attenuated; Blood Flow Velocity; Blood Pressure; Blood Vessels; Blood flow; Cardiovascular Diseases; Chronic; Data; Development; Diastolic blood pressure; Disease; Doppler Ultrasound; Educational Intervention; End stage renal failure; Exercise; Exertion; Exhibits; Foundations; Future; Goals; Heart Diseases; Hypertension; Incidence; Investigation; Kidney; Kidney Diseases; Knowledge; Measures; Mediating; Methods; Nerve; Population; Prevalence; Psyche structure; Renal Blood Flow; Research; Resistance; Rest; Risk; Skeletal Muscle; Stress Tests; Stroke; Sympathetic Nervous System; Testing; Time; Vascular resistance; Vasoconstrictor Agents; Work; arteriole; blood pressure elevation; cardiovascular disorder prevention; cardiovascular disorder risk; cardiovascular health; clinically significant; disorder risk; endurance exercise; experience; improved; innovation; insight; kidney vascular structure; lifetime risk; neural; neurovascular; novel; novel strategies; racial disparity; racial health disparity; response; statistics; stressor; temporal measurement; vasoconstriction

Project Summary African American (AA) adults have a greater risk for developing cardiovascular and renal disease (CVRD) than White (W) adults. Elevated sympathetic nervous system activity, usually occurring in response to stressors, is associated with increased incidence of CVRD. Physical exertion, such as exercise, acutely increases sympathetic nervous system activity directed towards the kidneys, resulting in renal vasoconstriction and reduced renal blood flow (RBF). Limited research shows that healthy young AA adults exhibit exaggerated sympathetic responsiveness both at rest and during sympathetic activation, which may be a major contributor to the increased risk of CVRD in this population. However, the acute renal vasoconstrictor response to any sympathetic nervous system activation has not been investigated to date in AA adults. During sympathetic nervous system activation such as exercise, sympathetic neural activity directed to the kidneys and/or the resultant vascular response might be exaggerated in AA adults, contributing to greater renal vasoconstriction and a larger reduction in RBF. Over time, this exaggerated neurovascular response to sympathetic activation could have a negative cumulative effect on the kidneys, which could be a contributing factor to the greater incidence of CVRD in this population. Therefore, this proposal aims to examine the renal vasoconstrictor response to sympathetic stressors in healthy AA adults prior to development of CVRD, which will be achieved via two specific aims. Our first aim is to determine the renal vasoconstrictor response to acute dynamic exercise in healthy young AA adults compared to healthy young W adults. Specifically, we will use state-of-the-art methods to measure RBF velocity and BP at rest and during acute cycling exercise to calculate renal vascular resistance responses to exercise. We will test the hypothesis that healthy young AA adults exhibit an exaggerated renal vasoconstrictor response to acute cycling exercise compared to healthy young W adults. In our second aim, we will assess the renal vasoconstrictor response to non-exercise sympathetic stressors in healthy young AA adults compared to healthy young W adults. Specifically, we will measure RBF velocity and BP at rest and during cold pressor and mental stress tests to calculate renal vascular resistance responses to these non-exercise stressors to test the hypothesis that healthy young AA adults exhibit exaggerated renal vasoconstrictor responses to non-exercise sympathetic stressors compared to healthy young W adults. We will use the highly innovative approach of Doppler ultrasound to measure RBF during exercise and non-exercise sympathetic stressors non-invasively and with high temporal resolution to complete these specific aims. This novel approach by our experienced research team to assess the renal vasoconstrictor response to sympathetic stressors in AA adults will provide new, mechanistic insights in this understudied yet clinically significant area. The findings from this project will advance our understanding of why AA adults have elevated CVRD risk, with implications for future efforts toward prevention of CVRD.

项目概要 非裔美国人 (AA) 成年人患心血管和肾脏疾病 (CVRD) 的风险高于 白色（W）成人。交感神经系统活动升高，通常是由于应激源而发生的 与 CVRD 发病率增加有关。体力消耗（例如运动）急剧增加 交感神经系统的活动指向肾脏，导致肾血管收缩 肾血流量（RBF）减少。有限的研究表明，健康的年轻 AA 成年人表现出夸张的表现 休息时和交感神经激活期间的交感反应性，这可能是导致 该人群患 CVRD 的风险增加。然而，对任何药物的急性肾血管收缩反应 迄今为止，尚未对 AA 成人的交感神经系统激活进行研究。同情期间 神经系统激活，例如运动、针对肾脏和/或肾脏的交感神经活动 由此产生的血管反应可能在 AA 成人中被夸大，导致更大的肾血管收缩 RBF 的大幅减少。随着时间的推移，这种对交感神经激活的过度神经血管反应 可能会对肾脏产生负面的累积影响，这可能是导致更大的影响的一个因素 该人群中 CVRD 的发病率。因此，本提案旨在检查肾血管收缩剂 健康 AA 成年人在 CVRD 发生之前对交感神经应激源的反应，这将实现 通过两个具体目标。我们的首要目标是确定肾血管收缩剂对急性动态运动的反应 与健康年轻的 W 成人相比，健康的年轻 AA 成人。具体来说，我们将使用最先进的 测量静息时和急性循环运动时的 RBF 速度和血压以计算肾血管的方法 对运动的抵抗反应。我们将检验以下假设：健康的年轻 AA 成年人表现出 与健康的年轻 W 成年人相比，急性自行车运动的肾血管收缩反应过度。在 我们的第二个目标是评估肾血管收缩剂对非运动交感神经应激源的反应 健康的年轻 AA 成年人与健康的年轻 W 成年人相比。具体来说，我们将测量 RBF 速度并 休息时、冷加压和精神压力测试期间的血压，以计算肾血管阻力反应 这些非运动压力源来检验健康年轻 AA 成年人表现出过度肾功能的假设 与健康的年轻 W 成年人相比，血管收缩反应对非运动交感神经应激源的影响。我们将 使用高度创新的多普勒超声方法来测量运动和非运动期间的 RBF 以非侵入性和高时间分辨率的交感神经应激源来完成这些特定目标。这 我们经验丰富的研究团队采用新方法评估肾血管收缩剂对交感神经的反应 AA 成人的压力源将为这个尚未充分研究但具有临床意义的领域提供新的、机制性的见解。 该项目的研究结果将加深我们对 AA 成年人 CVRD 风险升高的理解 对未来预防 CVRD 工作的影响。