Neurovascular Control of Renal Blood Flow During Exercise in African American Adults

非裔美国成年人运动期间肾血流的神经血管控制

• 批准号: 10653381
• 负责人: Rachel Claire Drew
• 金额: $ 43.48万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS BOSTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-05-03 至 2025-04-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10653381
• 关键词: Acceleration; Acute; Adult; African American; African American population; American Heart Association; Area; Attenuated; Blood Flow Velocity; Blood Pressure; Blood Vessels; Blood flow; Cardiovascular Diseases; Chronic; Data; Development; Diastolic blood pressure; Disease; Doppler Ultrasound; Educational Intervention; End stage renal failure; Exercise; Exertion; Exhibits; Foundations; Future; Goals; Heart Diseases; Hypertension; Incidence; Investigation; Kidney; Kidney Diseases; Knowledge; Measures; Mediating; Methods; Nerve; Population; Prevalence; Psyche structure; Renal Blood Flow; Research; Resistance; Rest; Risk; Skeletal Muscle; Stress Tests; Stroke; Sympathetic Nervous System; Testing; Time; Vascular resistance; Vasoconstrictor Agents; Work; arteriole; blood pressure elevation; cardiovascular disorder prevention; cardiovascular disorder risk; cardiovascular health; clinically significant; disorder risk; endurance exercise; experience; improved; innovation; insight; kidney vascular structure; lifetime risk; neural; neurovascular; novel; novel strategies; racial disparity; racial health disparity; response; statistics; stressor; temporal measurement; vasoconstriction

Project Summary African American (AA) adults have a greater risk for developing cardiovascular and renal disease (CVRD) than White (W) adults. Elevated sympathetic nervous system activity, usually occurring in response to stressors, is associated with increased incidence of CVRD. Physical exertion, such as exercise, acutely increases sympathetic nervous system activity directed towards the kidneys, resulting in renal vasoconstriction and reduced renal blood flow (RBF). Limited research shows that healthy young AA adults exhibit exaggerated sympathetic responsiveness both at rest and during sympathetic activation, which may be a major contributor to the increased risk of CVRD in this population. However, the acute renal vasoconstrictor response to any sympathetic nervous system activation has not been investigated to date in AA adults. During sympathetic nervous system activation such as exercise, sympathetic neural activity directed to the kidneys and/or the resultant vascular response might be exaggerated in AA adults, contributing to greater renal vasoconstriction and a larger reduction in RBF. Over time, this exaggerated neurovascular response to sympathetic activation could have a negative cumulative effect on the kidneys, which could be a contributing factor to the greater incidence of CVRD in this population. Therefore, this proposal aims to examine the renal vasoconstrictor response to sympathetic stressors in healthy AA adults prior to development of CVRD, which will be achieved via two specific aims. Our first aim is to determine the renal vasoconstrictor response to acute dynamic exercise in healthy young AA adults compared to healthy young W adults. Specifically, we will use state-of-the-art methods to measure RBF velocity and BP at rest and during acute cycling exercise to calculate renal vascular resistance responses to exercise. We will test the hypothesis that healthy young AA adults exhibit an exaggerated renal vasoconstrictor response to acute cycling exercise compared to healthy young W adults. In our second aim, we will assess the renal vasoconstrictor response to non-exercise sympathetic stressors in healthy young AA adults compared to healthy young W adults. Specifically, we will measure RBF velocity and BP at rest and during cold pressor and mental stress tests to calculate renal vascular resistance responses to these non-exercise stressors to test the hypothesis that healthy young AA adults exhibit exaggerated renal vasoconstrictor responses to non-exercise sympathetic stressors compared to healthy young W adults. We will use the highly innovative approach of Doppler ultrasound to measure RBF during exercise and non-exercise sympathetic stressors non-invasively and with high temporal resolution to complete these specific aims. This novel approach by our experienced research team to assess the renal vasoconstrictor response to sympathetic stressors in AA adults will provide new, mechanistic insights in this understudied yet clinically significant area. The findings from this project will advance our understanding of why AA adults have elevated CVRD risk, with implications for future efforts toward prevention of CVRD.

项目摘要 非裔美国人（AA）成年人患心血管和肾脏疾病（CVRD）的风险要大于 白人（W）成人。通常是由于压力响应压力的，交感神经系统活动升高，是 与CVRD的发生率增加有关。锻炼等身体劳累急性增加 针对肾脏的交感神经系统活动，导致肾血管收缩和 减少肾血流（RBF）。有限的研究表明，健康的年轻AA成年人表现出夸张 在静止和同情激活期间的同情反应能力，这可能是造成 该人群中CVRD的风险增加。但是，急性肾血管收缩剂对任何 迄今为止，AA成年人尚未研究交感神经系统的激活。在同情期间 神经系统的激活，例如运动，针对肾脏的交感神经活动和/或 在AA成年人中可能会夸大由此产生的血管反应，从而导致更大的肾血管收缩 RBF较大的减少。随着时间的流逝，这种夸张的神经血管反应对交感神经激活 可能对肾脏产生负面累积作用，这可能是促成更大的因素 CVRD在该人群中的发病率。因此，该建议旨在检查肾血管收缩剂 在发展CVRD之前，健康的AA成年人对交感应激源的响应，这将被实现 通过两个具体目标。我们的第一个目的是确定对急性动态运动的肾血管收缩反应 与健康的年轻W成年人相比，健康的年轻AA成年人。具体来说，我们将使用最新的 在休息和急性循环运动中测量RBF速度和BP的方法以计算肾血管 抵抗运动对运动的反应。我们将检验以下假设：健康的年轻AA成年人表现出 与健康的年轻W成年人相比，夸张的肾血管收缩反应对急性循环运动。在 我们的第二个目标是，我们将评估对非运动交感应激源的肾血管收缩反应 与健康的年轻W成年人相比，健康的年轻AA成年人。具体而言，我们将测量RBF速度和 BP在休息和冷压和心理压力测试中，以计算肾血管抗性反应 这些非运动压力源以检验健康的年轻AA成年人表现出夸张的肾脏的假设 与健康的年轻W成年人相比，对非运动交感应激源的血管收缩反应。我们将 使用多普勒超声的高度创新方法在运动和非运动过程中测量RBF 非侵入性和时间分辨率的交感应激源以完成这些特定目的。这 我们经验丰富的研究团队的新方法评估肾血管收缩对同情的反应 AA成年人的压力源将在这个研究经过研究但临床意义的领域中提供新的机械见解。 该项目的发现将使我们对AA成年人为何具有CVRD风险升高的理解，并且 对预防CVRD的未来努力的影响。