Leveraging the chemo-physical interaction of halorespiring bacteria with solid surfaces to enhance halogenated organic compounds bioremediation

利用嗜盐细菌与固体表面的化学物理相互作用来增强卤化有机化合物的生物修复

基本信息

批准号：
10369017
负责人：
Upal Ghosh
金额：
$ 15万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE COUNTY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2021-03-10 至 2025-12-31
项目状态：
未结题

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY There is a lack of fundamental understanding on how microbial breakdown of chlorinated organic compounds is influenced by the presence of sorptive surfaces. Several laboratory and field studies have demonstrated a synergy between sorptive materials and microorganisms leading to the development of material aided delivery of bioamendments in both groundwater and sediment applications. However, a mechanistic understanding of the relationship between sorptive surfaces and microbial dechlorination is lacking. To fill this critical knowledge gap, this research team of chemical/environmental engineers and microbiologists will investigate the fundamental mechanism of microbial dechlorination of chlorinated organics on sorptive surfaces and develop quantitative models that allow optimization and engineering scaleup of enhanced bioremediation aided by materials engineering. Improved understanding will allow better prediction of the degradation of sorbed chemicals in the environment and enable optimization of material science aided technologies for the delivery of biodegradation technologies. The project will target chlorinated organics ranging from less hydrophobic compounds like chloroethenes typically associated with groundwater and strongly hydrophobic compounds such as PCBs typically associated with sediments. These pollutants will be investigated individually as well as in mixtures that are commonly encountered at Superfund sites. A set of carbon-based sorbent materials will be produced in the laboratory to provide a range of physical and chemical properties. In addition to the lab synthesized materials, two most commonly used activated carbons (bituminous coal based, and coconut shell based) and graphite will be tested in parallel for comparison. Through systematic laboratory experiments, the physical and chemical properties (such as specific surface area, pore size distribution, electron accepting capacity, and carbon content) will be evaluated for influence on the sorption characteristics and synergy with biodegradation of chloroethenes and PCBs. Final material selection will also be guided by environmental sustainability considerations. Sorption and biokinetics data from the experimental studies with optimized materials will be synthesized into advanced site models to predict material behavior for field-scale remedial applications. Results from the modeling simulations will allow for optimization of the engineering design for pilot and full-scale applications at contaminated groundwater and sediment Superfund sites. This platform of combining tailored materials with biodegradation will be adaptable for targeting other pollutant mixtures.

项目摘要缺乏对氯化微生物崩溃的基本了解有机化合物受吸尘表面的存在影响。几个实验室和现场研究表明，吸附材料和微生物之间的协同作用导致在两种地下水和沉积物应用。但是，对之间关系的机械理解缺乏吸附的表面和微生物脱氯。为了填补这个关键的知识差距，这个化学/环境工程师和微生物学家的研究团队将调查氯化有机物微生物脱氯的基本机制并开发定量模型，允许优化和工程规模材料工程协助的生物修复。改善的理解将更好预测环境中吸附化学品降解的预测，并能够优化材料科学辅助生物降解技术的技术。该项目将针对氯化有机物，从较少的疏水化合物（如氯乙烯通常与地下水和强疏水化合物相关作为PCB通常与沉积物相关。这些污染物将进行单独调查以及在超级基金站点通常遇到的混合物中。一组碳基实验室将生产吸附的材料，以提供一系列物理和化学特性。除实验室合成材料外，两种最常用的激活碳（基于煤炭的煤炭和椰子壳）和石墨将并行测试进行比较。通过系统的实验室实验，物理和化学属性（例如特定的表面积，孔径分布，电子接受能力和碳含量）将评估对吸附特征的影响，并与氯乙烯和PCB的生物降解。最终的材料选择也将由环境可持续性考虑。来自实验的吸附和生物动力学数据使用优化材料的研究将合成到高级站点模型中，以预测现场尺度补救应用的物质行为。建模模拟的结果将允许优化用于飞行员和全尺度应用的工程设计受污染的地下水和沉积物超级基金地点。这个结合量身定制的平台具有生物降解的材料将适应其他污染物混合物的靶向。