Developing a novel pupillometric assessment of autonomic function: Testing targeted individual differences in BMI, temperament & aerobic fitness

开发一种新颖的自主神经功能瞳孔测量评估方法：测试 BMI、气质方面的针对性个体差异

• 批准号: 9806928
• 负责人: Margaret M Bradley
• 金额: $ 22.88万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-06-01 至 2021-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9806928
• 关键词: Aerobic Exercise; Affect; Aftercare; Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Arousal; Autonomic Dysfunction; Autonomic nervous system; Biological Assay; Body mass index; Caliber; Cardiac; Cardiovascular system; Clinic; Clinical; Computer software; Data; Diabetes Mellitus; Diagnosis; Diagnostic; Dilator; Discriminant Analysis; Disease; Electrocardiogram; Emotional; Emotions; Etiology; Fright; Galvanic Skin Response; Goals; Guidelines; Individual Differences; Laboratories; Light; Literature; Measures; Mediating; Mental disorders; Methodology; Methods; Mood Disorders; Moods; Muscle; Mydriasis; Nervous System Physiology; Nervous system structure; Neuraxis; Neurologic; Obesity; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Parkinson Disease; Participant; Patients; Persons; Population; Principal Component Analysis; Procedures; Pupil; Pupil light reflex; Questionnaires; Reflex action; Respiration; Rest; Sampling; Specificity; Sphincter; Stimulus; Stress; Sympathetic Nervous System; System; Techniques; Technology; Temperament; Testing; base; constriction; diabetic; heart rate variability; hedonic; indexing; instrument; negative affect; nervous system disorder; new technology; novel; psychologic; psychological stressor; response; screening; treatment effect; visual stimulus

Project Summary/Abstract Stress, both physical and psychological, is associated with compromised autonomic function, altering either parasympathetic or sympathetic nervous system activity. Autonomic dysfunction is implicated in physical (obesity/diabetes, etc.), psychological (anxiety/mood disorders, etc.) and neurological (Parkinson's, etc. ) disorders, making it critical to develop reliable measures of system function. A classic cardiovascular measure of parasympathetic function computes the variability in the beat-to-beat electrocardiogram, but, recently, existing cardiovascular measures of sympathetic nervous system activity have been called into question, prompting a search for new technologies. This exploratory proposal investigates pupillometry as a novel measure of autonomic function, since pupil diameter is under the control of two muscles - the sphincter and dilator - that are separately innervated by parasympathetic or sympathetic nervous system activity, respectively. Recent data from our laboratory suggest that different independent variables – the brightness and emotional arousal of visually presented stimuli – can be used to independently index activity mediated by the parasympathetic (sphincter) or sympathetic (dilator) nervous system. This proposal is the first to suggest that pupil diameter may serve as a new, non-invasive, easy-to-measure index of autonomic function and it's specific aims include: 1) assessing the test-retest reliability, agreeability, and validity of autonomic estimates based on pupil diameter in separate bi-weekly assessments. 2) compare autonomic estimates based on pupillary measures to classical cardiovascular estimates of autonomic function, and 3) explore whether estimates of autonomic function defined by pupil diameter covary as expected based on demonstrated individual differences in autonomic profiles based on body mass index, core negative affect, and aerobic exercise. To the extent that pupil diameter serves as a reliable, valid index of autonomic system function that is sensitive to individual differences, it promises an exciting new avenue in diagnosing autonomic dysfunction in a variety of physical, psychological, and neurological disorders, as well as in assessing effects of treatment on autonomic nervous system action.

项目概要/摘要 身体和心理上的压力与自主神经功能受损有关， 改变副交感神经或交感神经系统的活动是自主神经功能障碍。 涉及身体（肥胖/糖尿病等）、心理（焦虑/情绪障碍等）和 神经系统（帕金森氏症等）疾病，因此制定可靠的系统测量措施至关重要 副交感神经功能的经典心血管测量方法计算了副交感神经功能的变异性。 逐搏心电图，但最近，现有的交感神经心血管测量 系统活动受到质疑，促使人们寻找新技术。 探索性提案研究瞳孔测量作为自主神经功能的一种新测量方法，因为瞳孔测量 直径由两块肌肉（括约肌和扩张器）控制，它们分别受神经支配 分别通过副交感神经或交感神经系统活动来确定。 实验室表明不同的自变量——亮度和情绪唤醒 视觉呈现的刺激——可用于独立索引由 副交感神经（括约肌）或交感神经（扩张器）系统是第一个提出的。 表明瞳孔直径可以作为一种新的、非侵入性的、易于测量的自主神经指数 其功能及其具体目标包括：1）评估重测的可靠性、一致性和有效性。 根据每两周一次的单独评估中的瞳孔直径进行自主估计 2) 进行比较。 基于瞳孔测量的自主神经估计对自主神经的经典心血管估计 函数，以及 3) 探讨由瞳孔直径协方差定义的自主神经功能的估计是否为 根据体重显示的自主神经特征的个体差异进行预期 指数、核心负面影响和有氧运动 在某种程度上，瞳孔直径可以作为可靠的、 对个体差异敏感的自主系统功能的有效指标，它承诺 诊断各种身体、心理和疾病方面的自主神经功能障碍的令人兴奋的新途径 神经系统疾病，以及评估治疗对自主神经系统作用的影响。