A Prospective Study of Nicotine from Edible Solanaceae and Risk of Parkinson Disease

食用茄科植物中尼古丁与帕金森病风险的前瞻性研究

• 批准号: 9258504
• 负责人: Xiang Gao
• 金额: $ 7.86万
• 依托单位: PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY, THE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-04-15 至 2019-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9258504
• 关键词: Adverse effects; Affect; Age; American; Behavioral; Biological Markers; Botanicals; Brain; Caffeine; Capsicum; Caregivers; Case-Control Studies; Cigarette; Consumption; Coronary heart disease; Data; Development; Diet; Dietary intake; Disease; Disease Progression; Environmental Tobacco Smoke; Family; Fibrinogen; Follow-Up Studies; Food; Future; Genetic; Health Professional; Ibuprofen; Intake; Investigation; Juice; Life Style; Malignant neoplasm of lung; Neurodegenerative Disorders; Neuroprotective Agents; Nicotine; Nicotinic Receptors; Nurses' Health Study; Onset of illness; Parkinson Disease; Participant; Passive Smoking; Patient Self-Report; Patients; Potato; Prevention; Prospective Studies; Quality of life; Research Design; Retrospective Studies; Risk; Risk Factors; Safety; Sample Size; Sampling; Smoke; Smoker; Smoking; Smoking Behavior; Solanaceae; Source; Structure of nail of toe; Subgroup; Tobacco; Tomatoes; Translating; United States; Woman; aging population; alpha synuclein; base; cigarette smoking; clinical practice; cohort; disability; disorder prevention; disorder risk; environmental tobacco smoke exposure; epidemiology study; follow-up; lifestyle factors; men; never smoker; novel; prevent; prospective; protective effect; public health relevance; treatment strategy

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Parkinson disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease in the United States and affects over one million Americans; this number is growing due to population aging. Most patients eventually develop severe disability, which markedly affects their quality of life and that of their caregivers. There is thus a compellig need to develop disease modifying or neuroprotective treatments. In previous epidemiologic studies, cigarette smoking has been consistently shown to be associated with a lower risk of PD in men and women. Based on these observations, nicotine has been proposed to be a potential neuro-protective agent. However, the association between smoking and lower PD risk could be explained by a still-unknown third factor that increases the risk of PD and also causes an aversion to smoking behavior. In this context, it is of importance to examine whether nicotine from other sources, rather than cigarettes, is also associated with altered PD risk. Because a small amount of nicotine can saturate a substantial portion of nicotine receptors in the brain, we thus are able to examine the potential effects of dietary nicotine consumption on PD risk. This would provide strong evidence arguing for or against the potential casual relationship between nicotine and altered PD risk and is also important for the development of a novel prevention/treatment strategy. We thus propose to conduct a large-scale prospective study to examine whether dietary intake of nicotine and nicotine-containing solanaceae is associated with PD risk in two ongoing US cohorts including over 78,000 men and women who had never smoked. During 26-32 years of follow-up, we documented 921 incident cases of PD since dietary data were collected. We propose to examine 1) whether greater consumptions of dietary nicotine and nicotine-containing solanaceae are associated with lower risk of developing PD and 2) whether the association between dietary nicotine is more pronounced among those without environmental tobacco smoke exposure. As a secondary aim, we will examine the association between dietary intake of nicotine and toenail nicotine level, a long-term biomarker of nicotine exposure among 1,217 HPFS/NHS never-smokers with both data available. Finally, we will explore possible interactions between dietary nicotine and genetic factors (i.e., CHRNA5, iNOS2a, and SNCA) among never-smokers which have been previously shown to modify the smoking-PD relationship. Of note, with over 900 incident PD case, this is the only large prospective investigation of PD risk factors that includes repeated and detailed assessments of diet and other lifestyle factors. Given nicotine from tobacco may have adverse effects, the disease-modifying potential of dietary nicotine is of great value. This result could easily be translated in clinical practices due to the safety, acceptableness, and wide availability of edible solanaceae foods.

 描述（由申请人提供）：帕金森病 (PD) 是美国第二常见的神经退行性疾病，影响着超过一百万美国人；由于人口老龄化，这一数字还在不断增加，大多数患者最终会出现严重残疾，这对他们的健康产生了显着影响。因此，在之前的流行病学研究中，吸烟已被证明与男性和女性患帕金森病的风险降低有关。根据这些观察结果，尼古丁被认为是一种潜在的神经保护剂，然而，吸烟与降低帕金森病风险之间的关联可以用一个仍然未知的第三个因素来解释，该因素会增加帕金森病的风险，并导致人们厌恶吸烟。在这种情况下，重要的是检查其他来源的尼古丁（而不是香烟）是否也与帕金森病风险改变有关，因为少量的尼古丁可以使大脑中的大部分尼古丁受体饱和。有能力研究膳食尼古丁摄入量对帕金森病风险的潜在影响，这将为支持或反对尼古丁与帕金森病风险之间的潜在因果关系提供强有力的证据，并且对于制定新的预防/治疗策略也很重要。开展了一项大规模前瞻性研究，在美国的两个队列（包括超过 78,000 名从未吸烟的男性和女性）中研究尼古丁和含尼古丁茄科植物的膳食摄入量是否与帕金森病风险相关。自收集饮食数据以来，经过 26-32 年的随访，我们记录了 921 例 PD 病例，我们建议检查 1) 摄入更多的膳食尼古丁和含尼古丁的茄科植物是否与降低患 PD 的风险相关；2)。作为次要目标，我们将研究饮食中尼古丁摄入量与脚趾甲尼古丁水平（一种长期生物标志物）之间的关联。最后，我们将探讨饮食尼古丁与从不吸烟者中的遗传因素（即 CHRNA5、iNOS2a 和 SNCA）之间可能存在的相互作用，这些因素先前已被证明可以改变。值得注意的是，这是对 900 多例 PD 病例进行的唯一一次针对 PD 危险因素的大型前瞻性调查，其中包括对饮食和其他生活方式的重复和详细评估。鉴于烟草中的尼古丁可能产生不利影响，由于食用尼古丁的安全性、可接受性和广泛可用性，其缓解疾病的潜力具有重要价值。 茄科食品。