Influence of Meal Timing and Sleep Variability on Macronutrient Intake and Body Composition in College Undergraduates

进餐时间和睡眠变化对大学生宏量营养素摄入和身体成分的影响

• 批准号: 9385238
• 负责人: Andrew William McHill
• 金额: $ 0.14万
• 依托单位: BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-06-30 至 2017-06-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9385238
• 关键词: Adult; Affect; Age; American; Behavior; Biological; Biological Clocks; Body Composition; Body fat; Body mass index; Calories; Car Phone; Carbohydrates; Child; Circadian Rhythms; Clinical; Consumption; Cost of Illness; Data Collection; Degenerative polyarthritis; Development; Diabetes Mellitus; Diet; Diet Records; Diné Nation; Disease; Dissociation; Eating; Energy Intake; Ensure; Fellowship; Food; Funding; Future; General Population; Goals; Health; Health Care Costs; Health behavior; Hour; Hyperphagia; Individual; Inpatients; Intake; Internet; Knowledge; Lead; Link; Macronutrients Nutrition; Malignant Neoplasms; Measures; Melatonin; Metabolic Diseases; Metabolism; National Research Service Awards; Obesity; Obesity associated disease; Older Population; Outcome; Overweight; Pattern; Phase; Phonation; Physiological; Physiology; Polysomnography; Population; Populations at Risk; Prevalence; Public Health; Research; Risk Factors; Schedule; Schools; Services; Sleep; Social Network; Stroke; Students; System; Telephone; Testing; Time; United States; United States National Institutes of Health; Wakefulness; Weight; Weight Gain; Work; aged; aging population; awake; base; burden of illness; college; combat; design; diaries; energy balance; experimental study; heart disease risk; novel; programs; public health relevance; sensor; sleep onset; social; treatment strategy; undergraduate student; university student

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Weight gain and obesity have reached alarming levels throughout the developed world. Over 30% of Americans are obese and 1.4 billion adults worldwide are overweight. Obesity is a risk factor for numerous metabolic diseases and accounts for ~$147 billion in health care costs each year in the United States. The greatest increase in prevalence of obesity rates occurs in the college-aged population, an age that is a critical developmental time period for establishing long-term health behaviors. Eating during the night and variable sleep-wake timing are novel potential risk factors for weight gain and obesity, yet little is known about how these risk factors influence weight and obesity in the college-aged population. We have recently found that the number of meals college students consume after 2000h is associated with a higher percentage of body fat relative to weight. However, more detail is needed on the relationship between the timing of meals with circadian physiology and sleep-wake behaviors as: (i) the circadian phase in college students is delayed as compared to older populations and thus 2000h may not be the "circadian" night (i.e., when melatonin is elevated); (ii) composition of meals at specific times of the day could differently affect body composition; and (iii) variable sleep-wake timing may influence the timing of food intake. We therefore propose an experiment to identify the association of both meal and sleep-wake timing variability with weight, body composition, and meal composition in college undergraduates. This study will be a supplement to a currently funded NIH R01 project on the effects of social networks on sleep in college students. For that study, each student participates for 1-month while at school by: (i) completing online diaries twice daily about sleep-wake patterns; (ii) wearing sensors that monitor sleep and wakefulness; (iii) allowing an application on their mobile phone to track phone and internet usage; and (iv) staying overnight at our facility to assess melatonin onset (a marker of circadian phase and the time at which the circadian system begins to promote sleep). For this supplement, we will also track the timing and content of food consumed using a time-stamped mobile phone food diary for a 7-day period and record their weight and body composition (percent body fat). Sleep variability will be assessed using the daily online sleep-wake diaries and wearable sensors that measure daily sleep timing and duration. The results from the proposed work will allow us to quantify relationships among eating at inappropriate circadian times, sleep-wake timing variability, weight, body composition, and meal composition. Identifying potential modifiable behaviors (e.g., timing of meals and sleep) to reduce weight levels in this population is crucial for developing research based strategies for decreasing the burdens and high cost of disease during adulthood. The results will provide additional information about the relationships between circadian rhythms, sleep-wake behavior, and metabolism. The knowledge can be utilized in public health forums, including educational campaigns about food timing and its effects on body composition.

 描述（适用提供）：体重增加和肥胖在整个发达国家达到了令人震惊的水平。超过30％的美国人是肥胖，全球14亿成年人超重。肥胖是多种代谢疾病的危险因素，在美国，每年的医疗保健费用约为1470亿美元。肥胖率的患病率最大的增加发生在大学时代的人群中，这是建立长期健康行为的关键发展时期。夜间进食和可变的睡眠效果时间是体重增加和肥胖症的新型潜在风险因素，但是对于这些危险因素如何影响大学时代人群的体重和肥胖，几乎没有知识。最近，我们发现，在2000h之后，大学生的餐食数量与体重相对于体重的比例较高。但是，需要更多详细信息，内容涉及昼夜节律生理学和睡眠效果行为的餐点之间的关系：（i）与较老的人群相比，大学生的昼夜节律阶段被延迟，因此2000H可能不是“昼夜节律”之夜（即，何时升高忧郁症时）； （ii）一天中特定时间的餐食组成可能会对身体组成有所不同； （iii）可变的睡眠觉醒时机可能会影响食物摄入的时机。因此，我们提出了一个实验，以确定大学本科生的体重，身体成分和饮食成分的相关性与体重，身体成分和餐食的关联。这项研究将是当前资助的NIH R01项目对社交网络对大学生睡眠影响的影响的补充。对于这项研究，每个学生在学校时都会参加1个月的参与：（i）每天两次完成有关睡眠效果模式的在线日记； （ii）戴着监视睡眠和清醒的传感器； （iii）允许手机上的应用程序跟踪电话和互联网使用； （iv）在我们的设施中过夜，以评估褪黑激素的发作（昼夜节律的标志以及昼夜节律系统开始促进睡眠的时间）。对于此补充，我们还将在7天的时间内使用时型手机食品日记来跟踪食物消耗的食物的时机和内容，并记录其体重和身体成分（身体百分比）。胖的）。睡眠变异性将使用日常在线睡眠效果日记和可穿戴传感器进行评估，以测量每日睡眠时间和持续时间。拟议的工作的结果将使我们能够在不适当的昼夜节律，睡眠时间变化，体重，身体成分和餐食中量化饮食之间的关系。确定潜在的可修改行为（例如，餐食和睡眠时间）以降低该人群的体重水平，对于制定基于研究的策略以降低伯内斯和成年期间疾病的高成本至关重要。结果将提供有关昼夜节律，睡眠效果行为和代谢之间关系的其他信息。这些知识可以在公共卫生论坛中使用，包括有关食物时机及其对身体成分影响的教育运动。