Effects of acculturation on gestational biology in Mexican-American pregnant women

文化适应对墨西哥裔美国孕妇妊娠生物学的影响

• 批准号: 9391767
• 负责人: Molly Maurer Fox
• 金额: $ 11.66万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-06-15 至 2020-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9391767
• 关键词: Effects; acculturation; gestational; biology; Mexican

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): RESEARCH SUMMARY. The importance of elucidating the biobehavioral determinants of health disparities in minority populations, and particularly among Mexican immigrants in the U.S., is well established. In this context, an important issue that warrants further investigation relates to the underlying cause(s) of epidemiologic observations that Mexican immigrants exhibit a progressive decline in health (particularly obesity) over time and across generations. The construct of acculturation (post‐migration socio‐cultural adjustment) is often invoked as an explanation because acculturation produces psychological and behavioral changes that affect health. But, this paradigm does not address intergenerational decline in health. First, I suggest that the intergenerational decline in health (particularly escalation in obesity rates) could be a consequence of acculturation‐related biological changes in women. During pregnancy, these changes may be transmitted to the next generation (the fetus) to influence offspring phenotypes that determine susceptibility for obesity (adiposity). A necessary step towards investigating this hypothesis is determining whether, in fact, acculturation is associated with changes in aspects of gestational biology involved in the fetal programming of offspring adiposity. Second, I suggest that many of the inconsistencies of findings across studies in the acculturation‐health literatur may relate to limitations of operationalization of the acculturation construct, and failure to consider the role of social context as an effect modifier (context of reception; contrast of life i origin/host countries). My proposal seeks to address both these important limitations. In Project 1 I will develop, in a population‐based, representative sample of 1,000 pregnant women, an improved measure of acculturation for Mexican immigrants optimized for health research. In Project 2, in a separate sample of 100 pregnant women, I will evaluate the hypothesis that acculturation status is associated with key indicators of gestational biology implicated in offspring obesity risk. My proposed study incorporates the following Aims: 1. Develop measures of acculturation and socio‐cultural context in Mexican immigrant women. 2: Administer and optimize measures of acculturation and socio‐cultural context in a representative, population‐based cohort of pregnant Mexican immigrant women. 3. Psychometric validation of acculturation and socio‐cultural context instruments. 4. Test the hypothesis that acculturation and socio‐cultural context are associated with gestational biology (stress and metabolic biomarkers related to fetal programming of obesity). Findings from this project will reveal new information about the health status of vulnerable populations (Mexican immigrants, their unborn children) and serve as a platform for future studies of maternal acculturation and fetal programming, which, in turn, could lead to new avenues for early identification of at‐risk individuals, and for prevention/intervention strategies to limit the intergenerational perpetuation of disadvantage and poor health. CANDIDATE SUMMARY. I am primarily interested in the concepts of biological embedding of socio‐ecological conditions, and the fetal origins of health and disease paradigm. My career goal is to become an independent investigator in human developmental biology with R01 funding, addressing key questions related to a) how an individual's social and environmental ecology influences biological systems, and b) how biological links between generations affect the development of homeostatic mechanisms associated with chronic disease risk. My short‐ term career goals are a) to apply the frameworks of evolutionary and developmental biology towards addressing immigrant and minority health, and b) to investigate the socio‐cultural effects of migration on gestational biology. My past and current research has been guided by an interest in female reproductive function as a biological continuum between generations, and what this can reveal about health and disease. I was trained in the inter‐ disciplinary field of Biological Anthropology at Yale University and University of Cambridge. CAREER DEVELOPMENT PLAN SUMMARY. My training plan is designed to allow me to acquire the professional and technical skills necessary for a successful transition to independence as a Human Developmental Biologist with a focus in life‐course determinants of chronic disease. I will attain a Master of Science in Biomedical and Translational Science degree during Years 1‐2 of the K01 award period. I will be mentored by a team of prominent experts in their respective fields, led by Prof. Pathik Wadhwa (a leader in the field of prenatal stress biology and DOHaD), with co-mentor Prof. Greg Duncan (a leader in the field of development science and member of the National Academy of Sciences) among others, and receive specialized short‐term training from a team of distinguished faculty at other universitie, including Prof. John Berry (founder of the field of acculturation studies). ENVIRONMENT SUMMARY. Based in the UC Irvine Development, Health and Disease Research Program (DHDRP), which is currently funded by multiple major NIH grants, I will have myriad resources, including an inter‐ disciplinary team of 30 senior investigators to provide an intellectually productive environment, research staff, office, and laboratory facilities, and experiential education in state‐of‐the‐art methods for studies of maternal‐ placental‐fetal gestationa biology (including epigenetics, telomere and mitochondrial biology), fetal development, and newborn, infant and child outcomes related to body composition, metabolic function and brain development. The UCI Institute of Clinical and Translational Science (ICTS), funded by the NIH Clinical and Translational Sciences Award (CTSA) program, provides particular support to junior scientists including research design, advanced biostatistics, community engagement, bioassay platforms, and training opportunities, that will directly benefit my training and career development.

 描述（由申请人提供）： 研究摘要。阐明了少数族裔人口中健康差异的生物行为决定者，尤其是在美国墨西哥移民中的重要性。在这种情况下，一个重要的问题要进一步调查，涉及流行病学观察的根本原因，即墨西哥移民随着时间的流逝而逐渐下降的健康（尤其是肥胖）的逐渐下降。适应的构建（移民后社会文化调整）通常被称为一种解释，因为文化会产生影响健康的心理和行为变化。但是，这种范式不能解决健康的代际下降。首先，我建议健康的代际下降（肥胖率的部分升级）可能是妇女与文化相关的生物学变化的结果。在怀孕期间，这些变化可能会传播给下一代（胎儿），以影响决定观察易感性（肥胖）的后代表型。研究这一假设的必要步骤是确定实际上适应是否与参与后代肥胖胎儿编程有关的妊娠生物学方面的变化有关。其次，我建议在适应健康文献中跨研究的许多发现的不一致可能与文化化结构的操作局限性有关，并且未能将社会环境作为效果修饰者的作用（接收环境；对生活的对比；生命的对比； I Origin/host in Original/opport国家）。我的建议旨在解决这两个重要局限性。在项目1中，我将在基于人群的1000名孕妇的代表性样本中开发，改进了对健康研究优化的墨西哥移民的培养。在项目2中，在单独的100名孕妇样本中，我将评估以下假设：适应状况与后代肥胖风险中实施的妊娠生物学的关键指标有关。我提出的研究纳入了以下目的：1。在墨西哥移民妇女中开发适应和社会文化背景的测量。 2：在代表性的，基于人口的墨西哥移民妇女的同类中，管理和优化了适应和社会文化背景的措施。 3。对文化和社会文化背景工具的心理测量验证。 4.检验假设，即适应和社会文化背景与妊娠生物学有关（与物体的胎儿编程有关的压力和代谢生物标志物）。该项目的调查结果将揭示有关弱势群体（墨西哥移民，未出生的孩子）健康状况的新信息，并作为未来对母亲文化和胎儿节目的研究的平台，这反过来又可能导致早期识别AT -strisk个人的新途径，并限制预防/干预策略以限制造成预防/干预策略的灾难和不良健康和不良健康和不良健康。候选摘要。我主要对社会生态状况的生物学嵌入以及健康和疾病范式的胎儿起源感兴趣。我的职业目标是通过R01资金成为人类发育生物学的独立研究者，解决了与a）个人的社会和环境生态学有关的关键问题，如何影响生物学系统，b）世代之间的生物学联系如何影响与慢性病风险相关的稳态机制的发展。我的短期职业目标是a）将进化和发展生物学的框架应用于解决移民和少数民族健康的框架，b）调查移民对妊娠生物学的社会文化影响。我的过去和现在的研究一直是对女性生殖功能的兴趣作为一代生物学连续性的兴趣，以及这可以揭示的健康和疾病。我在耶鲁大学和剑桥大学的生物人类学跨学科领域接受了培训。职业发展计划摘要。我的培训计划旨在使我能够获得成功过渡为人类发育生物学家所必需的专业和技术技能，重点是生命过程，决定了慢性病。我将在K01奖奖的1 - 2年内获得生物医学和转化科学学位的科学硕士学位。由帕特克·沃达瓦（Pathik Wadhwa）教授（在产前压力生物学和多哈德（Dohad）领域的领导者）领导的一支著名专家团队中，我将与同事格雷格·邓肯（Greg Duncan）教授（发展科学领域的领导者）（在国家科学学院的成员和其他人培训）培训的小组中，众所周知的熟练培训了其他训练的培训，该公司的领导者（培养领域）。环境摘要。 Based in the UC Irvine Development, Health and Disease Research Program (DHDRP), which is currently funded by multiple major NIH grants, I will have myriad resources, including an inter-disciplinary team of 30 senior investigators to provide an intellectually productive environment, research staff, office, and laboratory facilities, and experienced education in state-of-the-art methods for studies of maternal-placetal-fetal gestationa biology (including epigenetics, telomere and线粒体生物学），胎儿发育以及与身体成分，代谢功能和大脑发育有关的新生儿，婴儿和儿童结果。由NIH临床和转化科学奖（CTSA）计划资助的UCI临床与转化科学研究所（ICT）为初级科学家提供了特别的支持，包括研究设计，高级生物统计学，社区参与，生物赛平台和培训机会，这些机会将直接受益于我的培训和职业发展。