Investigating Health Effects of Climate-Related Disasters in the United States

调查美国气候相关灾害对健康的影响

• 批准号: 9197287
• 负责人: Brooke Anderson
• 金额: $ 24.48万
• 依托单位: COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-01-07 至 2019-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9197287
• 关键词: Acute; Address; Affect; Air Pollution; Biometry; Cardiovascular system; Cessation of life; Climate; Code; Collaborations; Communities; Computer software; County; Data; Data Set; Databases; Disaster Planning; Disasters; Drowning; Earthquakes; Environmental Exposure; Environmental Health; Environmental Impact; Epidemiologic Methods; Epidemiology; Event; Floods; Frequencies; Future; Grant; Health; Hospitalization; Human; Hurricane; Injury; Institution; Link; Los Angeles; Medical; Medical Examiners; Medicare; Medicine; Mental Depression; Mentors; Mentorship; Methodology; Methods; Modeling; Morbidity - disease rate; Natural Disasters; Outcome; Pattern; Phase; Population; Public Health; Publishing; Research; Research Infrastructure; Research Personnel; Research Training; Risk; Severities; South Carolina; Statistical Methods; Techniques; Temperature; Time Series Analysis; Training; Transportation; United States; United States National Center for Health Statistics; Universities; Variant; Work; base; cardiovascular health; career; climate change; climate data; climate impact; experience; hazard; health data; human morbidity; human mortality; improved; inter-institutional; mortality; open source; respiratory; respiratory health; response; skills

Abstract Despite the frequency of climate-related natural disasters (e.g., hurricanes, floods), little is known about how such disasters affect all-cause human mortality and morbidity. Research identifying health risks for all-cause mortality and morbidity, including cardiovascular and respiratory risks, would inform disaster planning and response. Furthermore, climate change is likely to change patterns of climate-related disasters, making it critical to understand health risks associated with current climate-related disasters to fully understand health risks associated with future climate change. However, research on the effects of disasters on all-cause, cardiovascular, and respiratory mortality and morbidity is difficult to conduct with current disaster epidemiology methods. Most disaster epidemiology either focuses on quickly identifying the health risks associated with a single disaster as part of disaster response or investigates only health outcomes classified by a medical examiner as “disaster-related”. During the training phase of this grant, Dr. Anderson will develop statistical methods to investigate the effects of climate-related disasters on all-cause, cardiovascular, and respiratory health outcomes by combining current methods and concepts from two types of analysis: episode analysis and environmental time series analysis (Aim 1). During the independent phase of the grant, she will apply these methods to quantify effects of cyclonic storms (hurricanes, tropical storms, and tropical depressions) on all- cause, cardiovascular, and respiratory mortality and Medicare hospitalizations in the United States (Aim 2). For this analysis, she will link national datasets of daily health data from the National Center for Health Statistics and Medicare billing with storm data from the National Climatic Data Center's Storm Data and the University of South Carolina's Spatial Hazard Events and Losses Database to conduct a multi-year, multi-community analysis of the health effects of cyclonic storms. She will also determine how the health risks of cyclonic storms are modified by the infrastructure damage caused by each storm (Aim 3). To do this, she will work with a co- mentor who models infrastructure risks associated with climate-related disasters, and use both these models of infrastructure risk and data from utility companies and state departments of transportation to quantify how the health risk associated with a storm modifies its effects on all-cause, cardiovascular, and respiratory morbidity and Medicare hospitalizations. Dr. Anderson is well suited to perform this research based on 1) her past research experience investing the effects of temperature and air pollution on all-cause health outcomes in national studies, 2) her access, through mentors, co-mentors, and her research institution, to extensive national health and infrastructure data; and 3) her access to world-class mentorship, training, and coursework in statistical methods and disaster risks. The proposed research and training will allow Dr. Anderson to establish an independent career as a leader in the epidemiology of climate-related natural disasters.

抽象的 尽管与气候相关的自然灾害（例如飓风、洪水）频繁发生，但人们对如何应对却知之甚少。 此类灾害影响全因人类死亡率和发病率 确定全因健康风险的研究。 死亡率和发病率，包括心血管和呼吸系统风险，将为灾难规划和 此外，气候变化可能会改变与气候相关的灾害的模式，使其成为可能。 了解与当前气候相关灾害相关的健康风险对于充分了解健康至关重要 然而，有关灾害对全因的影响的研究， 根据目前的灾害流行病学情况很难进行心血管、呼吸系统和发病率的研究 大多数灾害流行病学要么侧重于快速识别与灾害相关的健康风险。 作为灾难​​响应的一部分的单一灾难或仅调查按医学分类的健康结果 在这笔赠款的培训阶段，安德森博士将开发统计数据。 研究气候相关灾害对全因、心血管和呼吸系统影响的方法 目前结合两种分析类型的方法和概念得出的健康结果：事件分析和 环境时间序列分析（目标 1）。在资助的独立阶段，她将应用这些分析。 量化气旋风暴（飓风、热带风暴和热带低气压）对所有地区影响的方法 美国的病因、心血管和呼吸系统死亡率以及医疗保险住院率（目标 2）。 在这项分析中，她将链接来自国家卫生统计中心的国家每日健康数据数据集 医疗保险账单使用来自国家气候数据中心的风暴数据和大学的风暴数据 南卡罗来纳州空间灾害事件和损失数据库将开展多年、多社区研究 她还将分析气旋风暴对健康的影响。 因每次风暴造成的基础设施损坏而发生变化（目标 3）。为此，她将与一名同事合作。 谁指导与气候相关灾害相关的基础设施风险建模，并使用这两种模型 基础设施风险以及来自公用事业公司和国家交通部门的数据，以量化 与风暴相关的健康风险改变了其对全因、心血管和呼吸道疾病发病率的影响 安德森博士非常适合基于 1) 她的过去进行这项研究。 研究温度和空气污染对全因健康结果影响的经验 国家研究，2）她通过导师、共同导师和她的研究机构获得广泛的 国家健康和基础设施数据；3) 她获得世界一流的指导、培训和课程 拟议的研究和培训将使安德森博士能够 建立独立的职业生涯，成为气候相关自然灾害流行病学的领导者。

项目成果

Classifying heatwaves: Developing health-based models to predict high-mortality versus moderate United States heatwaves.

• DOI: 10.1007/s10584-016-1776-0
• 发表时间: 2018-03
• 期刊: Climatic change
• 影响因子: 4.8
• 作者: Anderson GB;Oleson KW;Jones B;Peng RD
• 通讯作者: Peng RD

Working with Daily Climate Model Output Data in R and the futureheatwaves Package.

• DOI: 10.32614/rj-2017-032
• 发表时间: 2017
• 期刊: The R journal
• 作者: Anderson GB;Eason C;Barnes EA
• 通讯作者: Barnes EA

Projected trends in high-mortality heatwaves under different scenarios of climate, population, and adaptation in 82 US communities.

• DOI: 10.1007/s10584-016-1779-x
• 发表时间: 2018-03
• 期刊: Climatic change
• 影响因子: 4.8
• 作者: Anderson GB;Oleson KW;Jones B;Peng RD
• 通讯作者: Peng RD

Assessing United States County-Level Exposure for Research on Tropical Cyclones and Human Health.

• DOI: 10.1289/ehp6976
• 发表时间: 2020-10
• 期刊: Environmental health perspectives
• 影响因子: 10.4
• 作者: Anderson GB;Ferreri J;Al-Hamdan M;Crosson W;Schumacher A;Guikema S;Quiring S;Eddelbuettel D;Yan M;Peng RD
• 通讯作者: Peng RD