Synaptic Dysfunction and Energy Failure in Parkinson's Disease

帕金森病的突触功能障碍和能量衰竭

基本信息

批准号：
10891269
负责人：
HUI ZHANG
金额：
$ 43.74万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2022
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2022-06-15 至 2027-03-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10891269
关键词：
ATP Synthesis Pathway Address Affect Age of Onset Axon Behavioral Biochemical Biological Assay Brain Buffers Calcium Characteristics Corpus striatum structure Data Defect Dopamine Early treatment Electron Transport Electrophysiology (science)Event Failure Fluorescence Functional disorder Genes Genetic Haplotypes Homeostasis Human Image Impairment In Vitro Isradipine Kinesin Knock-out LRRK2 gene Measures Mediating Mitochondria Morphology Motor Mus Mutation Neurodegenerative Disorders Neurons Parkinson Disease Pathogenesis Pathogenicity Pathologic Pathology Phenotype Preparation Proteins Respiration Role Slice Substantia nigra structure Symptoms Synapses Testing Therapeutic Intervention Transgenic Mice Transportation Virus age group age related axonal degeneration axonopathy dopaminergic neuron experimental study hyperphosphorylated tau in vivo insight knock-down mitochondrial dysfunction mouse genetics mouse model mutant neurochemistry neuronal survival neuropathology neurotransmission neurotransmitter release optogenetics overexpression oxidant stress patch clamp pre-clinical prevent promoter sporadic Parkinson&apos s Disease tau Proteins tau aggregation tau expression tau-1 trafficking transmission process two-photon

项目摘要

Summary Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease. Loss of substantia nigra compacta (SNc) dopaminergic projections and decreased striatal dopamine levels are the characteristic features of PD. Emerging evidence suggest that synaptic dysfunction of dopamine neurons is an early event in the pathogenesis of PD occurring prior to the onset of symptoms. Mutations in the leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) gene are the most prevalent causes of familial and sporadic PD, demonstrating an unprecedented significant role in PD pathogenesis. A transgenic mouse model with over-expression of human LRRK2- R1441G has been shown to recapitulate robust motor behavioral, neurochemical and pathological features of PD. At the level of pathology, the most robust phenotype is the axonopathy of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic projection, accompanied by age-dependent hyperphosphorylated tau and DA transmission deficits. Both genetic and environmental causes of PD have highlighted the importance of mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of PD. Mitochondrial trafficking is critical for neurons’ survival and functions including synaptic neurotransmission. However, mitochondrial trafficking and dynamics in mutant LRRK2 associated-PD has not been well studied. We find that the mitochondrial oxidant stress is elevated in the LRRK2-R1441G mutants whereas mitochondrial respiration and mitochondrial ATP synthesis is significantly reduced. In addition, our preliminary studies uncovered early and defining features in mitochondria trafficking and dynamics impairment: frangmented mitochondria in SNc dopamine neurons and terminals, increased cytosolic calcum levels, tau hyperphosphorylation, and decreased anterograde healthy mitochondrial transport. We hypothesize that R1441G mutation impairs mitochondria trafficking and dynamics via dysregulation of Miro1 and calcium homeostasis and pathologic tau accumulation that ultimately result in synaptic dysfunction, energy failure and axonal degeneration. We will utilize a combination of two-photon imaging (2PLSM) and electrophysiology recording in living brain slices, and mouse genetics to uncover mechanisms underlying DAergic transmission deficits and axonal degeneration in PD.

概括帕金森病（PD）是第二常见的神经退行性疾病。黑质致密区 (SNc) 多巴胺能投射和纹状体多巴胺减少新出现的证据表明突触水平是 PD 的特征。多巴胺神经元功能障碍是 PD 发病机制中的一个早期事件，发生在 PD 之前。富含亮氨酸重复激酶 2 (LRRK2) 基因的突变是导致症状出现的原因。家族性和散发性帕金森病最常见的病因，显示出前所未有的显着性人 LRRK2- 过度表达的转基因小鼠模型。 R1441G 已被证明能够重现强大的运动行为、神经化学和 PD的病理特征在病理学水平上，最稳健的表型是PD。黑质纹状体多巴胺能投射的轴突病，伴有年龄依赖性过度磷酸化的 tau 蛋白和 DA 传输缺陷既有遗传原因，也有环境原因。 PD 的研究强调了线粒体功能障碍在 PD 发病机制中的重要性。线粒体运输对于神经元的生存和功能（包括突触）至关重要然而，突变体 LRRK2 的线粒体运输和动力学。我们发现线粒体氧化应激尚未得到充分研究。 LRRK2-R1441G 突变体中线粒体呼吸和线粒体呼吸作用升高此外，我们的初步研究发现，ATP 合成显着减少。线粒体运输和动力学损伤的定义特征：支离破碎 SNc 多巴胺神经元和末梢中的线粒体、胞浆钙水平、tau 蛋白增加过度磷酸化，并减少顺行健康线粒体运输。 R1441G 突变通过以下方式损害线粒体运输和动力学 Miro1 和钙稳态的失调以及病理性 tau 积累最终导致导致突触功能障碍、能量衰竭和轴突变性。双光子成像 (2PLSM) 和活体大脑电生理学记录的结合切片和小鼠遗传学揭示 DAergic 传输缺陷的潜在机制和 PD 中的轴突变性。