Protective Factors of Cognitive Aging among Latinos in the 50 States and Puerto Rico

50 个州和波多黎各拉丁裔认知老化的保护因素

基本信息

批准号：
10676470
负责人：
Mayra Lorell Estrella
金额：
$ 9.8万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCI CTR HOUSTON
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2022
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2022-08-10 至 2027-01-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10676470
关键词：
Adult Age Aging Alzheimer&apos s Disease Alzheimer&apos s disease related dementia Alzheimer&apos s disease risk Ancillary Study Area Body Composition Body fat Brain Cardiovascular Diseases Central American Chronic Disease Cognition Cognitive Cognitive aging Community Health Cuban Data Development Dominican Education Epidemic Epidemiology Exhibits Fatty acid glycerol esters Foundations Functional disorder Funding Goals Health Health Promotion Health Sciences High Prevalence Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos Household Intervention Investigation Island Knowledge Latino Latino Population Magnetic Resonance Imaging Maintenance Measures Memory Mental Health Mexican National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Neurocognitive Observational Study Occupations Participant Persons Population Positioning Attribute Protocols documentation Psychosocial Assessment and Care Puerto Rican Puerto Rico Research Research Personnel Research Training Risk Factors Sampling Schedule South American Structure Study of Latinos Testing Time Training Underrepresented Populations United States Visit Work aging brain base brain health brain magnetic resonance imaging cardiovascular disorder epidemiology cardiovascular disorder risk cognitive function cognitive reserve cohort dementia risk depressive symptoms epidemiology study ethnic minority ethnic minority population executive function experience follow-up health equity healthy aging indexing insight middle age mild cognitive impairment mortality neuroimaging post-doctoral training programs protective factors racial and ethnic resilience skills training socioeconomic disadvantage theories trend

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY Latinos living in the 50 United States (US; hereinafter States), the largest racial/ethnic minority US population, are 1.5 times more likely to have Alzheimer’s disease than non-Latino whites. Latinos in the States exhibit unique profiles of Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD) disparities across ethnic backgrounds (namely, Cubans, Dominicans, Mexicans, Puerto Ricans, and South and Central Americans). For example, Puerto Ricans are the Latino background with the lowest cognitive scores and highest prevalence of mild cognitive impairment and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors-- long associated with higher ADRD risk. Thus, it is not surprising that ADRD is also a growing crisis among Latinos living in the US territory (island) of Puerto Rico (PR). In fact, the age-adjusted AD mortality rate in PR is double that of Latinos in the States. Unfortunately, research on protective factors that may serve as targets for promoting cognitive and brain health among Latinos in the States is scant and even less is known among Latinos in PR. As an early stage investigator, born and raised in PR, with doctoral training in community health sciences and post-doctoral training on CVD epidemiology, this K01 would the provide new skills and training in theories of resilience and reserve as well as content knowledge on normative cognitive aging, brain structure and neuroimaging, and protective factors for healthy aging. This K01 would also achieve the overall research goal of examining the mechanisms through which protective factors shown important in older non-Latino whites, i.e., favorable body composition, better psychological health, and higher levels of cognitive enrichment, support cognitive and brain health in middle-aged and older Latinos (ages 45+) with an emphasis on PR. Specifically, Aim 1 is focused on resilience to age; we will investigate baseline protective factors related with maintenance of cognitive function over a 7-year follow-up period (i.e., cognitive resilience to age) and examine whether protective factors modify the cross-sectional relation of age with brain structure (i.e., brain resilience to age) using previously collected data from the largest epidemiological study of Latino health in the States, the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) Visits 1 and 2 and its NIA-funded SOL-INCA and SOL-INCA MRI ancillary studies. Aim 2 is focused on cognitive reserve; we will test whether protective factors modify the cross- sectional relations of brain structure with cognition by leveraging data from SOL-INCA MRI and SOL-INCA. Aim 3 is focused on PR, we will administer the HCHS/SOL cognitive battery in the NHLBI-funded PROSPECT cohort, an island-wide longitudinal epidemiological study of health, to estimate cognition and compare the protective factors-cognition relations between Puerto Ricans in PROSPECT and HCHS/SOL. This research is responsive to the priority areas of the NIA of identifying protective factors associated with successful cognitive aging in ADRD disparities populations. The proposed research will provide preliminary data to conduct a larger epidemiological R01 study on resilience and reserve among adults living in PR.

项目概要居住在美国 50 个州（以下简称“州”）的拉丁美洲人，是美国人口最多的少数族裔/族裔，在美国，患有阿尔茨海默病的可能性是非拉丁裔白人的 1.5 倍。不同种族背景的阿尔茨海默病和相关痴呆症 (ADRD) 差异的独特特征（即古巴人、多米尼加人、墨西哥人、波多黎各人以及南美洲和中美洲人）。波多黎各人是拉丁裔背景，认知得分最低，轻度认知障碍患病率最高认知障碍和心血管疾病 (CVD) 危险因素——长期以来与较高的 ADRD 风险相关。因此，毫不奇怪，ADRD 也是居住在美国领土（岛屿）的拉丁美洲人中日益严重的危机。事实上，波多黎各 (PR) 的年龄调整 AD 死亡率是美国拉丁裔的两倍。不幸的是，对可能作为促进和大脑健康目标的保护因素的研究在美国的拉丁裔中很少有人知道，在公关的早期阶段，拉丁裔中的了解更少。研究员，在公共关系领域出生和长大，接受过社区健康科学博士培训和博士后关于 CVD 流行病学的培训，该 K01 将提供复原力和恢复力理论方面的新技能和培训关于规范认知老化、大脑结构和神经影像学的储备和内容知识，以及该K01也将实现检查健康衰老的总体研究目标。保护因素在老年非拉丁裔白人中表现出重要作用的机制，即有利的身体组成、更好的心理健康以及更高水平的认知丰富、支持和大脑中年和老年拉丁美洲人（45 岁以上）的健康，重点是公关具体来说，目标 1 的重点是公共关系。对年龄的适应能力；我们将调查与维持认知功能相关的基线保护因素在 7 年的随访期内（即对年龄的认知弹性）并检查保护因素是否会改变使用先前收集的年龄与大脑结构的横截面关系（即大脑对年龄的弹性）数据来自美国最大的拉丁裔健康流行病学研究西班牙裔社区健康拉丁裔研究/研究 (HCHS/SOL) 访问 1 和 2 及其 NIA 资助的 SOL-INCA 和 SOL-INCA MRI 辅助设备研究目标 2 的重点是认知储备；我们将测试保护因素是否会改变交叉认知。利用 SOL-INCA MRI 和 SOL-INCA 的数据，研究大脑结构与认知的截面关系。目标 3 侧重于 PR，我们将在 NHLBI 资助的 PROSPECT 中管理 HCHS/SOL 认知电池队列是一项全岛范围内的健康纵向流行病学研究，旨在评估认知能力并比较 PROSPECT 和 HCHS/SOL 中波多黎各人之间的保护因素-认知关系。响应 NIA 的优先领域，确定与成功认知相关的保护因素拟议的研究将为开展更大规模的研究提供初步数据。关于居住在 PR 的成年人的恢复力和储备力的流行病学 R01 研究。