Gender, Harassment and Drinking among College Students

大学生中的性别、骚扰和饮酒

• 批准号: 7985917
• 负责人: KATHLEEN M ROSPENDA
• 金额: $ 52.54万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-07-10 至 2015-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7985917
• 关键词: Address; Adolescent; Adult; Affect; Age; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Alcoholism; Alcohols; American; Anxiety; Belief; Chronic; Cognitive; Communities; Complex; Data; Development; Discrimination; Distress; Drug usage; Emotions; Exhibits; Exposure to; Family; Family history of; Female; Gender; Gender Role; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Goals; Growth; Heavy Drinking; High Prevalence; Hostility; Illinois; Individual; Intervention; Knowledge; Legal; Life; Life Stress; Link; Measures; Mediating; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Methodology; Modeling; Occupations; Online Systems; Outcome; Pattern; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Population; Predictive Factor; Prevention strategy; Preventive Intervention; Public Health; Questionnaires; Research; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Risk Factors; Rural; Sampling; Schools; Sex Characteristics; Sexual Harassment; Social Conformity; Social support; Specific qualifier value; Stress; Stress and Coping; Students; Surveys; Techniques; Testing; Time; Universities; Woman; Work; Workplace; aged; base; bullying; college; college drinking; college student alcohol abuse; coping; design; drinking; drinking behavior; experience; high school; improved; innovation; intervention program; knowledge base; men; neglect; novel; outreach; peer; person centered; programs; psychosocial; public health relevance; research study; response; sex; social; statistical center; stressor; theories; underage drinking; university student; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This study will extend past research on college student drinking by a) examining how patterns of harassment at school (SH) and work (WH), in the context of other school and life stressors, may differentially contribute to drinking trajectories and problem drinking for women versus men college students, and b) applying a stressor-vulnerability model to examine how a variety of gender-linked risk and protective factors may influence the relationships between WH and SH and other work, school, and life stressors and trajectories of problematic alcohol use (i.e., trajectories of increasing or chronically heavy use) over time. Hypothesized moderators include relational orientation, coping strategies (emotion focused, active, and avoidant coping), perceived social support from family, school peers, and coworkers, drinking motives (tension-reduction, sociability, conformity, and power motives), same-sex drinking norms among school and work peers, and family history of alcoholism. We will also examine the extent to which the effects of WH and SH on drinking and drug use are mediated by negative affect (depression, anxiety, and anger/hostility), differentially by gender. Results of hypothesis tests incorporating these factors will contribute to the knowledge base about predictors of underage drinking, specifically the individual, school, and workplace issues that may place female students at particular risk for problematic drinking in response to stress. We propose to survey 3,000 incoming college freshman aged 18 or older from six Illinois universities and colleges (2- and 4-year; public and private; urban and rural) using a web-based questionnaire at 6 time points across four years; (1) 2 months prior to college entry (baseline), and at (2) 4 months; (3) 8 months; (4) 20 months; (5) 32 months; and (6) 44 months after college entry. This design will allow us to explore our hypotheses using both traditional variable-centered statistical approaches to look at structural relationships among variables, as well as a person-centered approach to examine predictors and outcomes of distinct patterns of intra-individual change in drinking among women and men college students. The person-centered approach will also allow us to examine at which time points predictive factors are most salient. This will be the first study to include WH and SH as potential predictors of alcohol use in the context of other school, work, and life stressors, and to incorporate these measures into person-centered latent growth mixture models of drinking trajectories. The long term goals of this study are to: 1) better understand how the complex array of psychosocial risk factors for alcohol abuse, within a variety of domains, differ over time for young adult women and men college students, 2) use this knowledge to develop timely, gender-specific prevention and intervention strategies that might be implemented at the individual, school, or workplace levels to address alcohol abuse among college students, and 3) provide data to support legal efforts to prohibit generalized workplace harassment. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: This project is relevant to public health in its focus on predictors of problematic drinking in college students, a population at particular risk for this behavior. The study will examine how understudied social stressors (e.g., workplace and school sexual harassment and generalized harassment) in conjunction with gender-linked risk and protective factors may explain problematic patterns of alcohol and drug use over time for women versus men students. Clarifying the mechanisms through which social stressors influence substance use patterns for women as compared to men, and the timing of when these stressors have the greatest influence on substance use, will enable us to suggest timely gender-specific intervention and prevention strategies to more effectively target alcohol, drug, and harassment-related issues among college students.

描述（由申请人提供）：本研究将通过a）通过a）检查学校和工作（WH）的骚扰模式如何在其他学校和生活压力的背景下如何差异化，可能有助于饮酒轨迹和饮酒的女性与女性与男性大学生相对于女性大学生的饮酒轨迹，以及b的压力模型，以实现其他型号的趋势和范围的影响力和保护性，并影响着各种各样的性别范围，并有可能涉及潮流和保护性的影响力，并且有可能涉及各种各样的性别范围，并且有可能涉及潮流的影响，并且有可能涉及潮流的影响力，并且有可能涉及潮流的影响力，并影响了各种各样的性别范围，并且涉及潮流的影响力，并且涉及潮流的影响力，并且涉及潮流的影响力，并且有可能涉及潮流的影响力，并且有可能涉及潮流的影响力和临床。随着时间的流逝，生活压力和有问题的酒精使用轨迹（即增加或长期使用的轨迹）。假设的主持人包括关系取向，应对策略（以情感为中心，主动和回避的应对），家庭，学校同伴和同事的社会支持，饮酒动机（减少紧张，社交性，一致性，符合性和权力动机），学校以及学校和工作者之间的同性饮酒规范，以及家族的饮酒规范，以及家族史，饮酒的家族历史。我们还将研究WH和SH对饮酒和吸毒的影响的程度，由负面影响（抑郁，焦虑和愤怒/敌意）介导，并由性别差异化。纳入这些因素的假设检验的结果将有助于知识基础，这些预测因素是未成年人饮酒的预测因素，尤其是个人，学校和工作场所问题，这些问题可能会使女学生在响应压力方面有问题饮酒的风险。我们建议使用基于Web的问卷调查3,000名伊利诺伊州大学和学院（2年和4年；公共和私人和私人）18岁以上的年龄在18岁以上的新生，并在四年的6个时点使用基于网络的问卷调查； （1）在大学入学前2个月（基线）和（2）4个月； （3）8个月； （4）20个月； （5）32个月； （6）大学入学后44个月。这种设计将使我们能够使用以传统的以变量为中心的统计方法来探索我们的假设，以查看变量之间的结构关系，以及以人为中心的方法来检查预测因素和男女大学生中饮酒中饮酒的不同模式的不同模式。以人为中心的方法还将使我们能够在哪个时间点预测因素最为突出的时间点检查。这将是首次将WH和SH作为其他学校，工作和生命压力源中酒精使用的潜在预测指标，并将这些措施纳入以人为本的以人为本的潜在生长混合物模型的饮酒轨迹模型。这项研究的长期目标是：1）更好地理解酗酒的复杂心理社会危险因素如何在各种领域内，年轻的成年女子和男子大学生会随着时间的流逝而有所不同，2）使用这些知识来制定及时的，性别的预防和干预策略，这些策略可能会在个人，学校或工作场所中实施，以便在大学生中实施滥用饮酒，并提供了一般性的努力，并努力支持数据。 公共卫生相关性：该项目与公共卫生有关，重点是大学生有问题饮酒的预测因素，这是该行为特别风险的人群。该研究将研究社会压力源（例如，工作场所和学校性骚扰和普遍骚扰）如何与性别相关的风险和保护因素结合使用，可以解释女性与男性学生的酒精和吸毒模式。与男性相比，澄清社会压力源会影响女性的物质使用模式的机制，以及这些压力源对使用物质的影响最大的时机，将使我们能够建议我们提出及时针对性性别的干预策略，以更有效地针对酒精，药物和大学生中的骚扰问题。