Addressing structural racism to reduce racial disparities in youth firearm injuries

解决结构性种族主义，减少青少年枪伤的种族差异

基本信息

批准号：
10670388
负责人：
Jonathan Jay
金额：
$ 12.84万
依托单位：
BOSTON UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CAMPUS
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2022
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2022-07-22 至 2027-03-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10670388
关键词：
Address Adopted Age Area Behavioral Sciences Biometry Black race Boston Cause of Death Censuses Cities Communities Community Health Computer Simulation Computers Cost Analysis Cost Measures Cost Savings Coupled Data Desegregation Development Discrimination Disparity Economics Ensure Environment Epidemiology Evidence based intervention Exhibits Firearms Future Goals Gun injury Health Health Sciences Hispanic Homicide Hospitals Individual Inequity Injury Intervention Investments Life Cycle Stages Link Maps Measures Mediating Mental Health Mentors Mentorship Modeling National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities Neighborhoods Not Hispanic or Latino Outcome Measure Pathway interactions Performance Play Police Policies Population Positioning Attribute Public Health Schools Public Policy Race Racial Segregation Recording of previous events Research Research Personnel Research Project Grants Resources Risk Risk Factors Schools Science Social Environment Social Sciences Strategic Planning Structural Racism Testing Training Trees United States Universities Victimization Violence Work Youth assault behavior change built environment career community engaged research cost design disparity reduction economic evaluation ethnic disparity ethnic minority experience gun violence health disparity health equity improved mid-career faculty minority children models and simulation novel outreach participatory mapping peer physical conditioning post-doctoral training prevent professor programs protective factors racial disparity racial health disparity racial minority residential segregation segregation structural determinants violence exposure violence prevention virtual experiments

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY Dr. Jay’s long-term career goal is to become a leading independent investigator whose research contributes to the elimination of racial/ethnic disparities in firearm violence, with a focus on city-dwelling youth. Most firearm violence occurs in cities, where Black youth are 20 times more likely, and Hispanic youth are 4.4 times more likely, to be fatally shot than non-Hispanic White youth at ages 18-24. The overarching goal of Dr. Jay’s research project is to identify optimal strategies for reducing racial/ethnic disparities in youth firearm injuries in cities. Specifically, this K01 tests whether disparities in youth firearm injuries can be reduced by bolstering individual-level programs with two related interventions: (a) Desegregation policies, i.e., changing public policy to decrease racial segregation across neighborhoods, and (b) Physical investments, i.e., improving the built environment in disinvested areas. Dr. Jay will assess disinvestment as a pathway linking segregation with youth firearm injury disparities (Aim 1); conduct participatory mapping with racial/ethnic minority youth in Boston, MA to identify novel targets for physical investments (Aim 2); and test possible intervention strategies in a computer-simulated environment to determine which strategies produce the greatest reductions in youth firearm injury disparities, within realistic budgetary constraints (Aim 3). The proposed research builds upon Dr. Jay’s prior research on place-based interventions for violence prevention and his postdoctoral training in youth firearm injury and computational epidemiology. He will pursue the following K01 training goals to prepare him for the proposed research and for his career goals: (1) Structural racism and discrimination as drivers of health disparities; (2) Community-engaged research; (3) Computer simulation modeling; and (4) Economic evaluation. Dr. Jay has assembled a mentorship team led by his primary mentor, Dr. Emily Rothman, Professor of Community Health Sciences at Boston University School of Public Health (BUSPH). Co-mentors include Dr. David Williams, the Chair of Social and Behavioral Sciences at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health (HSPH); Dr. Melissa Tracy, Associate Professor of Epidemiology and Biostatistics at SUNY-Albany; Dr. Ankur Pandya, Associate Professor of Health Decision Science at HSPH. Advisors are Dr. Sandro Galea, the Dean and Robert A. Knox Professor at BUSPH and Dr. Charles Branas, the Chair of Epidemiology at the Columbia Mailman School of Public Health. The resources available at BUSPH, coupled with the expertise of Dr. Jay’s mentorship team, will ensure Dr. Jay’s successful completion of the research and training aims and his development as an independent investigator.

项目概要 Jay 博士的长期职业目标是成为一名领先的独立研究者，其研究成果有助于消除枪支暴力方面的种族/民族差异，重点关注居住在城市的青少年。城市中发生暴力事件的可能性是黑人青年的 20 倍，西班牙裔青年的可能性是城市的 4.4 倍与 18 至 24 岁的非西班牙裔白人青少年相比，被枪杀的可能性更大。杰伊博士的总体目标是。研究项目旨在确定减少青少年枪伤中种族/民族差异的最佳策略具体而言，本 K01 测试是否可以通过加强支持来减少青少年枪支伤害的差异。具有两项相关干预措施的个人一级方案： (a) 废除种族隔离政策，即改变公共政策减少社区之间的种族隔离，以及 (b) 有形投资，即改善建筑杰伊博士将评估撤资作为将隔离与隔离联系起来的途径。青少年枪伤差异（目标 1）；与少数种族/族裔青少年进行参与性绘图马萨诸塞州波士顿确定实物投资的新目标（目标 2）并测试可能的干预策略；在计算机模拟环境中确定哪些策略可以最大程度地减少青年人的数量在现实的预算限制内，枪伤造成的差异（目标 3）。拟议的研究建立在杰伊博士之前关于基于地点的暴力干预措施的研究的基础上他将从事青少年枪伤和计算流行病学的预防和博士后培训。以下 K01 培训目标，帮助他为拟议的研究和职业目标做好准备：(1) 结构性种族主义和歧视是健康差异的驱动因素；(2) 社区参与的研究；(3) 计算机模拟建模；以及（4）杰伊博士组建了一个指导团队。他的主要导师，波士顿大学学院社区健康科学教授 Emily Rothman 博士公共卫生学院 (BUSPH) 的共同导师包括社会和行为科学系主任 David Williams 博士。哈佛大学陈曾熙公共卫生学院 (HSPH) 副教授 Melissa Tracy 博士纽约州立大学奥尔巴尼分校流行病学和生物统计学博士 Ankur Pandya，健康决策副教授 HSPH 的科学顾问是 BUSPH 的院长兼 Robert A. Knox 教授 Sandro Galea 博士和 Dr. 查尔斯·布拉纳斯 (Charles Branas)，哥伦比亚梅尔曼公共卫生学院流行病学系主任。 BUSPH 提供的技术，再加上 Jay 博士导师团队的专业知识，将确保 Jay 博士的成功完成研究和培训目标以及作为独立研究者的发展。