Time Perception and Timed Performance in Autism

自闭症患者的时间感知和定时表现

• 批准号: 7739793
• 负责人: Melissa J. Allman
• 金额: $ 8.99万
• 依托单位: HUGO W. MOSER RES INST KENNEDY KRIEGER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-01 至 2011-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7739793
• 关键词: Age; American Psychiatric Association; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Autistic Disorder; Award; Awareness; Behavior; Behavior Therapy; Behavioral; Brain; Cerebrum; Clinical; Code; Cognition; Cognitive; Communication; Coupled; Data; Detection; Development; Diagnosis; Diagnostic tests; Dimensions; Discrimination; Early Diagnosis; Early treatment; Educational process of instructing; Ensure; Environment; Event; Expectancy; Faculty; Fingers; Fostering; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Functional disorder; Goals; Impairment; Individual; Infant; Instruction; Intelligence; Intervention; Judgment; Knowledge; Laboratories; Lead; Learning; Life; Melissa; Memory; Mentors; Methodology; Motor; Movement; Nature; Neuraxis; Neurodevelopmental Disorder; Neurologic; Neurology; Nonverbal Communication; Pattern; Perception; Performance; Persons; Phase; Population; Positioning Attribute; Process; Production; Regulation; Relative (related person); Reproduction; Research; Research Project Grants; Research Training; Rubia; Schizophrenia; Sensory; Social Behavior; Social Environment; Social Interaction; Socialization; Speech; Stereotyping; Structure; System; Time; Time Perception; Training; Training Programs; Translations; Triad Acrylic Resin; Universities; Vision; Wing; Yang; base; biobehavior; career; career development; improved; infancy; information processing; interest; joint attention; medical schools; millisecond; neurobehavioral; neurochemistry; public health relevance; remediation; response; sensory integration; social communication; social skills; sound; theories; time interval

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The long term objective of this research is to improve the phenotypic characterization of autism by delineating the relative function of the interval timing system (ITS) in these individuals. The ITS is fundamental for adaptive cognitive and behavioral function, and there are theoretical, anecdotal and empirical grounds to suppose the ITS is dysfunctional in people with autism, and directly contributes to their triad of impairments. Only a handful of studies have assessed the ITS in autism, despite the fact that functioning of the ITS is being examined in other clinical populations (e.g., ADHD, schizophrenia). There are three specific aims of this research project that will fill gaps in our knowledge about autism, employing methodologies adapted from the basic laboratory (within the framework of scalar expectancy theory). The first aim (ROO phase) examines time perception (temporal bisection & generalization); the second aim (ROO) examines timed performance (temporal reproduction & finger tapping); the third aim (K99 phase) employs fMRI to elucidate the neurological basis of preliminary data demonstrating quantifiable differences in time perception in autism (on temporal bisection; that correlates with scores on diagnostic tests). Results from K99/R00 studies will form the basis of an ROI application during the ROO cycle that will build upon the theoretical framework established during the K99 phase of the award and extend assessments of temporal information processing in autism. The support of a K99/R00 will provide the PI with mentored research training in developmental cognitive neurology, autism, fMRI (all at Johns Hopkins School of Medicine) and interval timing (with Dr. Warren Meck at Duke University), that extends and compliments her research background. Coupled with formal training classes, including autism diagnosis, this training plan will ensure the studies proposed during ROO can be successfully implemented. Research during the K99 phase will be conducted in the laboratory of Dr. Martha Denckla (primary mentor) who has a proven track record of supervising fellows into faculty positions. The proposed program of training and research will 'bridge' the transition to independence, and allow the PI to develop a unique and original line of autism research that will form the basis of her academic career. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Time perception and timed performance has been implicated in many social competencies (including communication). This project will characterize the nature of dysfunction of interval timing in autism, which has been suggested to contribute to core autistic symptomology. This in turn may lead to advances in early detection and behavioral interventions, and inform related lines of research (e.g., joint attention).

描述（由申请人提供）：本研究的长期目标是通过描述这些个体的间隔计时系统（ITS）的相对功能来改善自闭症的表型特征。 ITS 是适应性认知和行为功能的基础，并且有理论、轶事和经验依据认为 ITS 在自闭症患者中功能失调，并直接导致他们的三重障碍。尽管事实上 ITS 的功能正在其他临床人群（例如 ADHD、精神分裂症）中进行检查，但只有少数研究评估了自闭症中的 ITS。该研究项目有三个具体目标，将采用基础实验室（在标量期望理论框架内）改编的方法来填补我们关于自闭症知识的空白。第一个目标（ROO 阶段）检查时间感知（时间二分和泛化）；第二个目标（ROO）检查定时性能（时间再现和手指敲击）；第三个目标（K99 阶段）采用功能磁共振成像来阐明初步数据的神经学基础，这些数据表明自闭症患者时间感知的可量化差异（在时间二分法上；与诊断测试的分数相关）。 K99/R00 研究的结果将构成 ROO 周期期间 ROI 应用的基础，该应用将以 K99 奖项阶段建立的理论框架为基础，并扩展对自闭症时间信息处理的评估。 K99/R00 的支持将为 PI 提供发育认知神经学、自闭症、功能磁共振成像（均在约翰·霍普金斯医学院）和间隔计时（与杜克大学的 Warren Meck 博士合作）方面的指导性研究培训，从而扩展和补充她的研究背景。加上包括自闭症诊断在内的正式培训课程，该培训计划将确保 ROO 期间提出的研究能够成功实施。 K99 阶段的研究将在 Martha Denckla 博士（主要导师）的实验室中进行，她在指导研究员担任教职方面拥有良好的记录。拟议的培训和研究计划将“架起”向独立的过渡，并使 PI 能够开发出独特且原创的自闭症研究路线，这将构成她学术生涯的基础。 公共卫生相关性：时间感知和定时表现与许多社交能力（包括沟通能力）有关。该项目将描述自闭症间隔计时功能障碍的本质，这被认为有助于核心自闭症症状学。这反过来可能会导致早期检测和行为干预方面的进步，并为相关研究领域（例如联合注意力）提供信息。