Ethanol and Social Interactions in Adoolescent Rats

青春期大鼠的乙醇和社会互动

基本信息

批准号：
7392411
负责人：
ELENA I VARLINSKAYA
金额：
$ 30.16万
依托单位：
STATE UNIVERSITY OF NY,BINGHAMTON
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2002-02-01 至 2012-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The risk of extensive alcohol use is increased during adolescence, and attractiveness of ethanol at this age is based in part on its properties to produce social facilitation, since adolescence as a developmental period is characterized by a high significance of interactions with peers and high social motivation. An attenuated sensitivity to adverse effects of ethanol that normally serve to diminish drinking (including ethanol-induced social inhibition) could serve as a permissive factor for heavy drinking during adolescence. Animal studies have shown that adolescent rats, like their human counterparts, are extremely sensitive to activating effects of ethanol on social behavior and relatively insensitive to ethanol-induced behavioral suppression and social inhibition. Considerable ontogenetic differences in the social consequences of ethanol are evident even within the adolescent period, with early adolescence being a time of particularly pronounced adolescent-typical sensitivities to ethanol. In adult animals, endogenous opioid mechanisms have been shown to be involved in mediation of ethanol effects, with positive (stimulatory and reinforcing) properties of ethanol being related to mu receptors and adverse (aversive and inhibitory) effects of the drug being associated with kappa receptors. The present proposal uses an animal model of peer-directed social activity to investigate whether these opposing opioid mechanisms are likewise involved in mediation of the social consequences of ethanol and whether adolescent animals are more sensitive than adults to ethanol- induced activation of the mu opioid system and less sensitive than their adult counterparts to activation of the kappa opioid system. Using a psychopharmacological approach with receptor-selective opioid antagonists and agonists, experiments will be conducted to determine the effectiveness of opioid antagonists in reversing ethanol-induced social facilitation and social inhibition, and to compare the social consequences of opioid agonists in early, mid, and late adolescent as well as adult rats with previously characterized ontogenetic patterns of responsiveness to the stimulatory and inhibitory effects of ethanol on social behavior. The proposed work will provide information about substrates underlying the age-specific sensitivities of young adolescents to the social consequences of ethanol and their potential implications regarding the frequent initiation of ethanol use and high consumption levels at this age.

描述（由申请人提供）：青春期中大量饮酒的风险增加，并且在这个年龄段的乙醇吸引力部分基于其产生社会促进的特性，因为青春期作为发育时期的特征是与同龄人相互作用的高意义和高度社会动机。对乙醇的不良影响的敏感性通常用于减少饮酒（包括乙醇引起的社会抑制作用），这可能是青春期大量饮酒的允许因素。动物研究表明，青少年大鼠像人类对应物一样对激活乙醇对社会行为的影响非常敏感，并且对乙醇诱导的行为抑制和社会抑制相对不敏感。即使在青春期内，乙醇的社会后果上有很大的个体论差异也很明显，青春期早期是对乙醇特别明显的青少年典型敏感性的时期。在成年动物中，内源性阿片类药物机制已被证明参与了乙醇作用的介导，乙醇与MU受体有关的阳性（刺激性和增强）特性与MU受体以及与Kappa受体相关的不良（厌恶和抑制作用）有关。本提案使用以同行指导的社交活动的动物模型来研究这些相反的阿片类药物机制是否同样参与了乙醇的社会后果的调解，以及青春期动物是否比成年人对乙醇对MU阿片类药物的激活的激活更敏感，并且比成人对成人对kappa opioid System的激活的敏感性更低。使用心理药物学方法与受体选择性阿片类药物拮抗剂和激动剂，将进行实验，以确定阿片类药物拮抗剂在逆转乙醇引起的社会促进和社会抑制的有效性，并比较早期的成年人效应，并与以前的成年效应相比，与以前的跨性别作用相比，关于社会行为的乙醇。拟议的工作将提供有关年轻青少年对乙醇社会后果的特定年龄敏感性的基础的信息，以及他们对在这个年龄段频繁开始使用乙醇和高消费水平的潜在影响。