Emergence of Human Monkeypox in Central Africa

中部非洲出现人类猴痘

• 批准号: 7622673
• 负责人: Anne Walsh Rimoin
• 金额: $ 12.18万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-05-15 至 2013-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7622673
• 关键词: Affect; Automobile Driving; Behavior; Behavioral; Bioinformatics; Biological; Biological Assay; Central Africa; Climate; Clinical; Clinical Data; Collection; Congo; Consumption; Data; Data Set; Democratic Republic of the Congo; Deterioration; Development; Diagnostic; Disease; Disease Outbreaks; Environment; Environmental Risk Factor; Epidemiologic Methods; Epidemiological Factors; Epidemiology; Equilibrium; Evolution; Exhibits; Fostering; Future; Geographic Distribution; Growth; HIV; Habitats; Health Status; Human; Immunity; Infection; Integration Host Factors; Intervention; Laboratories; Lead; Link; Malnutrition; Microbe; Molecular Epidemiology; Monkeypox; Monkeypox virus; Morbidity - disease rate; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease; Natural History; Parasites; Pathogenesis; Pathogenicity; Play; Population; Poverty; Prevalence; Prevention; Reporting; Research; Research Activity; Research Infrastructure; Research Personnel; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Scientist; Smallpox; Specimen; Specimen Handling; Sudan; Therapeutic Intervention; Time; Training; United States; Vaccination; Variant; Viral; Virulence; Virus; War; Zoonotic Infection; anthropogenesis; career development; demographics; design; environmental change; forest; genome sequencing; interdisciplinary approach; land use; microbial; migration; pathogen; predictive modeling; programs; remote sensing; repository; statistics; transmission process

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Human monkeypox (MPX) is a smallpox-like disease primarily reported in the rainforests of Central Africa. Until recently, MPX was considered a rare zoonotic infection in humans; however the dramatic increase in reports of human MPX over the last decade in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and recent outbreaks in the United States, Republic of Congo, and Sudan underscore the importance of understanding tie capacity and geographic range for disease emergence. To study the risk factors driving MPX geographic distribution, prevalence, and risk of future emergence necessitates an interdisciplinary approach. The candidate proposes to undertake three primary career development activities: 1) training in remote sensing and spatial statistics; 2) training to understand the fundamental aspects of specimen processing and analysis, including virus growth, PCR, sequencing of MPX virus specimens; and 3) training in advanced epidemiologic methods to integrate ecologic and laboratory data with epidemiologic and clinical data/These training objectives are linked to the following research objectives: 1) to determine if prevalence and geographic distribution of human MPX has increased over time; 2) to identify behavioral, demographic and environmental risk factors for human MPX infection; and 3) to understand the role played by differential transmission and evolution of MPX. The research component will supplement and leverage a unique collection of biological specimens, existing research infrastructure in DRC, and access to remotely sensed data sets. The proposed research represents the first study in two decades to assess the prevalence of MPX in an endemic region and to establish if the epidemiology of the virus has changed over time. Together, the career development and research activities proposed in this application will advance understanding of the variables that drive emergence of human MPX and support the development of the candidate as a productive independent investigator with the capacity to study fundamental ecologic, epidemiologic and biologic drivers of viral emergence.

描述（由申请人提供）：人类猴子（MPX）是一种类似天花的疾病，主要在中非的雨林中报道。直到最近，MPX仍被认为是人类罕见的人畜共患感染。然而，在过去十年中，刚果民主共和国（DRC）以及美国，刚果共和国和苏丹最近爆发的人类MPX的报告急剧增加，强调了了解疾病出现的领带能力和地理范围的重要性。为了研究推动MPX地理分布，流行率和未来出现风险的危险因素，需要采取跨学科的方法。候选人建议从事三项主要职业发展活动：1）遥感和空间统计的培训； 2）培训以了解标本加工和分析的基本方面，包括病毒生长，PCR，MPX病毒标本的测序； 3）在高级流行病学方法中培训将生态和实验室数据与流行病学和临床数据/这些培训目标相结合的培训与以下研究目标有关：1）确定人类MPX的患病率和地理分布是否随着时间的推移而增加； 2）确定人类MPX感染的行为，人口统计和环境风险因素； 3）了解MPX的差分传播和演变所起的作用。研究组件将补充和利用独特的生物标本，现有的研究基础设施以及访问远程感知的数据集的独特集合。拟议的研究代表了评估流行地区MPX流行的二十年中的第一项研究，并确定该病毒的流行病学是否随着时间而变化。同时，本申请中提出的职业发展和研究活动将提高人们对推动人类MPX出现的变量的了解，并支持候选人作为一名生产性独立研究者的发展，具有研究病毒出现的基本生态，流行病学和生物学驱动因素的能力。