Sleep among adolescents involved in the justice system

参与司法系统的青少年的睡眠情况

基本信息

批准号：
10665920
负责人：
Jessica C Levenson
金额：
$ 19.88万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2023
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2023-06-01 至 2025-05-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10665920
关键词：
Adolescence Adolescent Adult Age Aggressive behavior Behavior Behavioral Black race Caregivers Caring Charge Cognitive Communities Complex Coupled Cross-Sectional Studies Data Development Diagnosis Disease Drops Emotional Equity Event Family Future Health Health Personnel Human Resources Imprisonment Improve Access Impulsivity Individual Inequity Intervention Interview Justice Learning Literature Mental Health Mental Health Services Mental disorders Methods Moods National Institute of Mental Health Nature Outcome Parents Play Population Professional counselor Protocols documentation Provider Psychopathology Race Regulation Reporting Research Resources Sampling Services Sleep Sleep Disorders Sleeplessness Social Identification Social Interaction Strategic Planning Supervision Surveys System Testing Time Training Translating Translations Trauma Underserved Population United States Vulnerable Populations Work Youth actigraphy adverse childhood events adverse outcome data cleaning diaries emotion regulation evidence base experience high risk high school implementation intervention improved improvement on sleep inattention juvenile justice system low socioeconomic status marginalization marginalized population member minority children novel poor sleep probation programs racial disparity racial minority racial minority population racism skills sleep pattern sleep quality sleep-focused interventions social suicidal

项目摘要

Abstract Juvenile justice-involved youth (JJIY), primarily adolescents ages 13-17, are a complex and highly vulnerable population who have high rates of psychiatric disorders, suicidality, trauma, and lower socioeconomic status. Minoritized youth (by race) are disproportionately represented among JJIY. Though the need for mental health services is pervasive among this population, only 20-25% of JJIY receive mental health treatment while involved in the juvenile justice system, with even lower rates among racial minorities. All of these factors are associated with poor sleep; further, poor sleep quality and insomnia are widespread among incarcerated adults. Yet, there has not been a systematic study of the sleep of JJIY, the correlates of sleep in this population, nor the options for implementing evidence-based sleep-focused treatments in various juvenile justice system settings. This is a critical gap in the literature, especially because sleep promotion is associated with reduced psychopathology. We propose a descriptive, mixed-methods study to 1) examine the nature and correlates of sleep among JJIY; 2) identify points of intervention in the juvenile justice system where sleep treatment can be delivered, personnel who can deliver it, and the resources needed to do so; and 3) identify strategies for effective translation and implementation of evidence-based sleep-focused interventions in system settings. We will conduct a cross- sectional survey of JJIY (13-17y; n=25 in residential placement, n=75 under community supervision, reflecting national rates). Youth will complete a daily sleep diary and a subset (n=40) wear actigraphy for 10 days. Parents and adult caregivers will be invited to complete a complementary survey (n=100). To obtain further information, we will invite 20 of the full sample of 100 youth to participate in one-on-one qualitative interviews. We focus on ages 13-17 given the rapid and interacting changes in sleep, emotion regulation, and behavioral regulation during this period. We will also conduct qualitative interviews with 20 individuals working in the juvenile justice system (residential counselors, probation officers, healthcare providers). Survey data will be preliminarily analyzed to inform the interviews. Then, in Year 2 we will conduct and analyze the interviews using Rapid Qualitative Inquiry, and we will conduct quantitative data cleaning and full analysis. We will rely on stakeholder-engaged research, which values community members as equitable research partners and may result in more sustainable and effective programs by tailoring the program to the community context. This work aligns with the NIMH Strategic Plan Objective 4.3: to conduct research that optimizes and improves access to existing programs that improve mental health services for underserved populations. This R21 will constitute the essential first step in a program of research that will include further developing and adapting existing sleep interventions to target the sleep patterns, problems, and determinants of sleep relevant to JJIY, translating these interventions for implementation in juvenile justice settings, and testing these programs among JJIY in various system settings.

抽象的涉及少年司法的青少年 (JJIY)，主要是 13 至 17 岁的青少年，是一个复杂且高度脆弱的群体。精神疾病、自杀倾向、创伤发生率较高且社会经济地位较低的人群。 JJIY 中少数民族青年（按种族）所占比例过高。虽然需要心理健康服务在这一人群中很普遍，只有 20-25% 的 JJIY 在参与时接受了心理健康治疗在少年司法系统中，少数族裔的比率甚至更低。所有这些因素都是相关的睡眠不好；此外，睡眠质量差和失眠在被监禁的成年人中普遍存在。然而，有尚未对 JJIY 的睡眠、该人群睡眠的相关性以及选项进行系统研究在各种少年司法系统环境中实施以证据为基础的以睡眠为中心的治疗。这是一个文献中存在重大差距，特别是因为促进睡眠与减少精神病理学有关。我们提出了一项描述性的混合方法研究，以 1) 检查 JJIY 睡眠的性质和相关性； 2) 确定少年司法系统中可以提供睡眠治疗的干预点、人员谁可以提供它，以及这样做所需的资源； 3) 确定有效翻译的策略和在系统设置中实施以证据为基础的以睡眠为重点的干预措施。我们将进行一次跨 JJIY（13-17岁）分段调查；居住安置n=25，社区监督n=75，反映国家费率）。青少年将完成每日睡眠日记，并有一部分 (n=40) 佩戴体动记录仪 10 天。父母成年护理人员将被邀请完成一项补充调查（n=100）。为了获得更多信息，我们将邀请 100 名青年的完整样本中的 20 人参加一对一的定性访谈。我们专注于 13-17 岁期间，睡眠、情绪调节和行为调节会发生快速且相互作用的变化。这个时期。我们还将对 20 名少年司法系统工作人员进行定性访谈（住宿顾问、缓刑官员、医疗保健提供者）。调查数据将被初步分析通知面试。然后，在第二年，我们将使用快速定性调查进行和分析访谈，我们将进行定量的数据清洗和充分的分析。我们将依靠利益相关者参与的研究，它重视社区成员作为公平的研究伙伴，并可能导致更加可持续和根据社区情况定制计划，从而实现有效的计划。这项工作符合 NIMH 战略计划目标 4.3：开展研究，优化和改善现有项目的可及性，从而改善为服务不足的人群提供心理健康服务。 R21 将构成计划中重要的第一步的研究将包括进一步开发和调整现有的睡眠干预措施以针对睡眠与 JJIY 相关的睡眠模式、问题和决定因素，将这些干预措施转化为实施在少年司法环境中，并在 JJIY 中的各种系统设置中测试这些程序。