CONTROLLED & AUTOMATIC COGNITION IN MONKEYS: DEVELOPMENT OF A NEW MODEL SYSTEM

受控

• 批准号: 7715750
• 负责人: ROBERT L. HAMPTON
• 金额: $ 2.85万
• 依托单位: EMORY UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-05-01 至 2009-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7715750
• 关键词: Animals; Biological Models; Cognition; Cognitive; Computer Retrieval of Information on Scientific Projects Database; Conflict (Psychology); Development; Dissociation; Face; Funding; Grant; Habits; Hearing; Human; Institution; Macaca mulatta; Memory; Monkeys; Organism; Performance; Procedures; Process; Relative (related person); Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Solutions; Source; Stimulus; System; Testing; Training; United States National Institutes of Health; Voice; coping; experience; memory process

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. In humans a fundamental distinction is made between memories that are consciously accessible (explicit or declarative) and those that are nonconscious (implicit or nondeclarative). Historically this distinction has depended on verbal reports of private experience (e.g. "I knew" versus "I guessed"), making it impossible to apply to nonverbal animals. Furthermore, because more than one memory system may contribute to solution of a given cognitive task, equating performance in specific tasks with the function of a specific memory system is problematic. Process dissociation procedures (PDPs) offer a potential solution to these problem. PDP does not depend on verbal reports to distinguish between memory processes, and can therefore be used with nonverbal organisms. Furthermore, by presuming simultaneously active memory processes, PDP avoids the pitfalls of ascribing specific memory processes to specific tasks, and rather quantifies the relative contributions of automatic (implicit) and controlled (explicit) memory processes in a single cognitive task. Monkeys have been trained and tested in the PDP procedure which involves modified matching training in which certain stimuli are over-represented so as to instill memory habits in the monkeys. We have observed contributions of both habit and memory. We have also been taking as second approach to this problem by examining how rhesus monkeys cope with conflicting information in memory tasks, specifically when they hear a monkey voice that does not match with the monkey face.

该子项目是利用该技术的众多研究子项目之一 资源由 NIH/NCRR 资助的中心拨款提供。子项目及 研究者 (PI) 可能已从 NIH 的另一个来源获得主要资金， 因此可以在其他 CRISP 条目中表示。列出的机构是 对于中心来说，它不一定是研究者的机构。 在人类中，有意识可访问的记忆（显式或陈述性）和无意识记忆（内隐或非陈述性）之间存在根本区别。从历史上看，这种区别取决于对私人经历的口头报告（例如“我知道”与“我猜测”），因此不可能适用于非语言动物。 此外，由于不止一个记忆系统可能有助于解决给定的认知任务，因此将特定任务的表现与特定记忆系统的功能等同起来是有问题的。进程分离程序（PDP）为这些问题提供了一个潜在的解决方案。 PDP 不依赖于语言报告来区分记忆过程，因此可以用于非语言生物体。此外，通过假定同时活跃的记忆过程，PDP 避免了将特定记忆过程归因于特定任务的陷阱，而是量化了单个认知任务中自动（隐式）和受控（显式）记忆过程的相对贡献。 猴子已经在 PDP 程序中接受了训练和测试，该程序涉及修改后的匹配训练，其中某些刺激被过度呈现，以便向猴子灌输记忆习惯。我们观察到习惯和记忆的贡献。我们还一直在采取第二种方法来解决这个问题，研究恒河猴如何处理记忆任务中的冲突信息，特别是当它们听到与猴脸不匹配的猴子声音时。