RFA-CE-22-004, Firearm Violence Perpetration: A Nationally Representative Multi-Wave Survey of Youth and Young Adults Across the United States

RFA-CE-22-004，枪支暴力犯罪：对美国青少年和年轻人进行的具有全国代表性的多轮调查

• 批准号: 10563892
• 负责人: KIMBERLY J MITCHELL LEMA
• 金额: $ 65万
• 依托单位: NATIONAL OPINION RESEARCH CENTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-30 至 2025-09-29
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10563892
• 关键词: RFA; CE; 22; 004; Firearm

Project Summary/Abstract In response to CDC’s RFA-CE-22-004 (Research Objective 1, Funding Option B), we propose to conduct a nationally representative 3-wave longitudinal survey of 2,750 youth and young adults ages 10-34 to identify risk and protective factors associated with indirect (witnessing) and direct (gun carrying, perpetration, and victimization) firearm violence in the US. The nationally representative sample will be recruited through NORC’s AmeriSpeak Panel®. This study, guided by the Socio-Ecological Framework and a life course perspective, will provide critical data to better identify youth and young adults at risk for firearm violence, including past and concurrent factors from individual, family, peer, school/work, and community contexts that may amplify risk and lead to different types of firearm violence. We will investigate how factors from these domains function in three developmental periods (10-17, 18-24, 25-34 years of age). Specific aims of the project are to: (SA1) provide population-based estimates of direct (perpetration, gun carrying and victimization) and indirect (witnessing) firearm violence; (SA2) identify the individual, relational (peer, family, romantic partner), school/workplace, and community-level risk and protective factors associated with indirect and direct firearm violence; and (SA3) understand the factors under which youth and young adults have the opportunity and engage in bystander behavior to help prevent firearm violence. Using a nationally representative longitudinal design rarely used in this field, this study will address gaps in the research by comparing how risk factors vary across youth and young adult developmental periods, examining detailed measures of modifiable protective factors, comparing how different forms of firearm violence co-relate, and examining “bystander behavior” in reducing firearm violence. Descriptive and bivariate analyses will be conducted for each specific aim to identify overall prevalence rates of firearm exposure and disparities in exposure by subgroup, and more advanced modeling techniques such as latent class analysis and structural equation modelling will be used to examine the relationship between risk/protective factors and outcomes of interest. Our interdisciplinary team from NORC at the University of Chicago (lead) and the University of New Hampshire specializes in violence prevention research, and has expertise in data linkages, longitudinal analyses, and multi-level modeling. Population-based studies, like the one proposed here, are critical for informing the development of primary and secondary prevention and intervention efforts that are applicable to a broad spectrum of youth and young adults as well as those who represent high risk for firearm violence exposure.

项目概要/摘要 为了响应 CDC 的 RFA-CE-22-004（研究目标 1，资助选项 B），我们 建议对 2,750 名青少年和儿童进行具有全国代表性的三波纵向调查 10-34 岁的年轻人识别与间接相关的风险和保护因素 （目睹）和直接（持枪、实施和受害）美国的枪支暴力。 具有全国代表性的样本将通过 NORC 的 AmeriSpeak Panel® 招募。 这项研究以社会生态框架和​​生命历程的视角为指导，将 提供关键数据，以更好地识别面临枪支暴力风险的青少年和年轻人， 包括来自个人、家庭、同伴、学校/工作和社区的过去和同时发生的因素 我们将调查可能放大风险并导致不同类型枪支暴力的情况。 这些领域的因素如何在三个发育时期（10-17、18-24、25-34）发挥作用 该项目的具体目标是： (SA1) 提供基于人口的估计 直接（实施、携带枪支和受害）和间接（目击）枪支暴力； (SA2) 识别个人、关系（同伴、家庭、浪漫伴侣）、学校/工作场所以及 与间接和直接枪支暴力相关的社区层面的风险和保护因素； (SA3) 了解青年和年轻人有机会和的因素 参与旁观者行为，以帮助防止枪支暴力。 纵向设计在该领域很少使用，本研究将通过以下方式解决研究中的空白 比较风险因素在青少年和年轻成人发育时期的变化， 检查可改变的保护因素的详细措施，比较不同形式的保护因素 枪支暴力相互关联，并检查“旁观者行为”以减少枪支暴力。 将对每个具体目标进行描述性和双变量分析，以确定总体目标 枪支暴露流行率以及按亚组划分的暴露差异等 先进的建模技术，例如潜在类分析和结构方程建模 将用于检查风险/保护因素与结果之间的关系 我们来自芝加哥大学 NORC 的跨学科团队（领导）和 新罕布什尔大学专门从事暴力预防研究，并拥有以下专业知识 数据链接、纵向分析和基于人群的多层次建模等。 这里提出的一项对于小学和中学的发展至关重要 适用于广大青少年的预防和干预工作 成年人以及那些面临枪支暴力高风险的人。