Bridging the Internal and External Sensory Worlds in Autism

连接自闭症患者的内部和外部感官世界

基本信息

批准号：
10455460
负责人：
Carissa J Cascio
金额：
$ 42.46万
依托单位：
VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2014-08-07 至 2024-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10455460
关键词：
Animal Model Anxiety Architecture Attention Behavior Behavioral Bladder Brain Cardiac Characteristics Clinical Complex Cues Development Emotional Endocrine system Environment Esthesia Evaluation Evoked Potentials Fascia Foundations Heart Heart Rate Human Immune system Impairment Individual Interoception Knowledge Lung Maintenance Measures Mediating Motivation Motor Pain Periodicity Physiological Play Process Psychiatry Reaction Recording of previous events Research Rest Role Safety Scanning Sensory Severities Signal Transduction Skin Sleep Social Behavior Social Interaction Stimulus Stream Subgroup Symptoms System Testing Uncertainty Viscera Visceral Vision Visual Visual Cortex Work autism spectrum disorder base blood oxygen level dependent blood oxygenation level dependent response clinically relevant communication behavior comorbidity emotion regulation emotional experience emotional functioning experience heart rate variability improved indexing individuals with autism spectrum disorder insight interest multisensory neuroimaging pleasure potential biomarker relating to nervous system repetitive behavior respiratory response sensory input sensory stimulus social social communication impairment social deficits somatosensory theories visual stimulus

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY Altered sensory experiences are prevalent in autism and have been implicated in not only the core behavioral characteristics of impaired social communication and repetitive behaviors, but in a range of associated comorbidities including sleep disturbances2 and anxiety24. Recent work in the sensory domain strongly suggests that the predictability, or lack thereof, of sensory stimuli heavily influences aberrant reactions and mediates relations between sensory sensitivity, anxiety, and social motivation in autism78-79. Most sensory research thus far has emphasized exteroceptive sensation—sensory signals that originate in the external environment—with less work on interoceptive sensation—sensory signals that arise from the viscera and skin to signal the brain about the physiological condition of the body6. These interoceptive cues are often the precursors of emotional experience, and thus have significant transdiagnostic clinical relevance in psychiatry. Evaluation of the emotional relevance of the external environment—within which social stimuli are embedded—requires a continuous exchange of information between exteroceptive and interoceptive processing streams. In other words, successful navigation of the social world depends on multisensory integration across the body boundary. Critically for autism, many visceral interoceptive signals tend to be very rhythmic (e.g., cardiac signals), and/or are under voluntary control (e.g., respiratory signals) and are thus far more predictable than environmental exteroceptive cues. This predictability is enhanced on average in individuals with autism, who tend to have higher heart rates and lower heart rate variability than controls. In the current project period, we found evidence for profoundly disrupted temporal integration of visceral interoceptive and exteroceptive signals, without clear evidence of disrupted interoception alone. We now propose, in this renewal, to isolate and test potential neural drivers and clinical sequelae of this disrupted integration. The proposed work will provide important new insights into the consequences of sensory processing deficits in autism that go beyond exteroceptive sensation, incorporating a sensory milieu that has high relevance for social-emotional functioning.

项目概要感觉体验的改变在自闭症患者中很普遍，并且不仅与核心社会沟通受损和重复行为的行为特征，但在一系列相关的合并症包括睡眠障碍2和焦虑24。强烈表明感觉刺激的可预测性或缺乏可预测性会严重影响异常行为自闭症患者的反应并调节感觉敏感性、焦虑和社会动机之间的关系78-79。迄今为止，大多数感觉研究都强调外感受——源自大脑的感觉信号。外部环境——内感受的工作较少——内脏产生的感觉信号和皮肤向大脑发出有关身体生理状况的信号6。情绪体验的前兆，因此具有显着的跨诊断临床相关性精神病学。评估外部环境的情感相关性——其中社会刺激。嵌入——需要外感受和内感受之间持续交换信息换句话说，社交世界的成功导航取决于多感官。对于自闭症来说，重要的是，许多内感受信号往往是跨身体边界的整合。非常有节奏（例如，心脏信号），和/或处于自愿控制之下（例如，呼吸信号），因此平均而言，这种可预测性比环境外感受线索更可预测。患有自闭症的人，与对照组相比，他们的心率往往更高，心率变异性更低。在当前的项目期间，我们发现了内脏内感受的时间整合受到严重破坏的证据和外感受信号，没有明确的内感受中断的证据，我们现在在此提出。更新，以分离和测试这种破坏性整合的潜在神经驱动因素和临床后遗症。拟议的工作将为感知处理缺陷的后果提供重要的新见解自闭症超越了外感受，融入了与自我高度相关的感觉环境社会情感功能。