Early Visual Processing in Schizophrenia

精神分裂症的早期视觉处理

• 批准号: 7619122
• 负责人: Michael F. Green
• 金额: $ 35.46万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1988
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1988-08-01 至 2011-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7619122
• 关键词: 12p; 16p; Accounting; Activities of Daily Living; Anterior; Area; Attenuated; Blinking; Brain Mapping; California; Cognitive Science; Collaborations; Complex; Data; Data Set; EP300 gene; Electrophysiology (science); Equation; Event; Feedback; Follow-Up Studies; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Goals; Grant; Hand; Head; Image Analysis; Individual; Inferior; Institutes; Intervention; Interview; Knowledge; Laboratories; Lateral; Lead; Light; Link; Masks; Measures; Mediator of activation protein; Methods; Modeling; Neurocognitive Deficit; Outcome; Outcome Assessment; Parietal; Participant; Patients; Performance; Procedures; Process; Protocols documentation; Psychopathology; Quality Control; Recruitment Activity; Reporting; Research; Rest; Retina; Role; Sample Size; Sampling; Schizophrenia; Scientist; Screening procedure; Short-Term Memory; Testing; Texas; Thalamic structure; Universities; Vision; Visual; Visual Cortex; Visual Perception; Work; authority; design; extrastriate visual cortex; feeding; functional outcomes; hemodynamics; innovation; interest; neuroimaging; neuropsychiatry; programs; relating to nervous system; response; social cognition; visual process; visual processing

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): We propose to continue a bi-directional research program that starts with careful characterization of visual processing deficits in schizophrenia and moves systematically into exploration of neural substrates on the one hand and functional outcome on the other. Our research program rests on the premise that considerable information about schizophrenia can be obtained by a close examination of a well- characterized neurocognitive deficit, in the case of this research program, it is early visual processing. The current application takes this program of research in three new directions: First, we plan to assess separately feed forward and reentrant processes of visual processing. Feed forward processes involve the flow of information from retina to and through visual cortex. Reentrant processes, which have become a focus in cognitive science, involve iterative feedforward-feedback processing loops within the cortex. We will examine these processes with performance, electrophysiological, and functional neuroimaging approaches. Second, we will move beyond the earliest components of visual processing that are assessed with visual masking tasks to consider visual short-term memory. Our masking procedures have typically assessed the first 150 ms of visual processing, whereas visual short-term memory represents the first 200 - 500 ms of processing. We will assess this component with versions of the attentional blink task that can be administered during EEC recordings and in the fMRI scanner. Third, we will apply structural equation modeling to explore further the paths between early visual processing and functional outcome in schizophrenia. Our previous studies have reported consistent relationships between early visual processing and social cognition, and between social cognition and functional outcome. Structural equation modeling which is very well suited for these questions, but requires large sample sizes. To accomplish these goals, we plan to recruit 200 patients with schizophrenia and 60 healthy comparison subjects over the 5 years of the project. Subjects will receive interviews, assessments of visual processing (visual masking and attentional blink), and electrophysiology (EEC during visual processing tasks). A subset of participants will receive visual processing tasks in the fMRI scanner. Knowledge from this research program will lead to information on the underlying neural substrates of visual processing in schizophrenia and may lead to innovative treatments, as well as alternative ways of developing and testing new treatments. Knowledge of the relationships between perceptual deficits and daily activities and the mechanisms for these relationships will help us to understand limitations on functional outcome in schizophrenia, help make predictions about outcome, and lead to design of targeted interventions.

描述（由申请人提供）：我们建议继续进行双向研究计划，该计划以精神分裂症中视觉处理缺陷的仔细表征开始，并系统地将一方面的神经底物探索，另一方面是功能性结果。我们的研究计划基于这样的前提：关于精神分裂症的大量信息可以通过对良好特征的神经认知不足的仔细检查获得，在此研究计划的情况下，这是早期的视觉处理。当前的应用程序将此研究计划朝三个新方向：首先，我们计划评估视觉处理的前进和重新入学过程。馈线过程涉及从视网膜到视觉皮层的信息流。重进入的过程已成为认知科学的重点，它涉及皮层内的迭代馈电回馈处理环。我们将使用性能，电生理和功能神经影像学方法来检查这些过程。其次，我们将超越视觉处理的最早组成部分，这些组件通过视觉掩盖任务评估，以考虑视觉短期记忆。我们的掩蔽过程通常评估了视觉处理的前150毫秒，而视觉短期内存代表了处理的第一个200-500毫秒。我们将使用EEC记录和fMRI扫描仪中可以管理的注意力眨眼任务的版本评估该组件。第三，我们将应用结构方程模型来进一步探索精神分裂症早期视觉处理和功能结果之间的路径。我们以前的研究报告了早期视觉处理与社会认知之间以及社会认知与功能结果之间的一致关系。结构方程建模非常适合这些问题，但需要大量样本量。为了实现这些目标，我们计划在该项目的5年中招募200名精神分裂症患者和60名健康比较主题。受试者将接受访谈，视觉处理评估（视觉掩盖和注意力眨眼）以及电生理学（视觉处理任务期间的EEC）。一部分参与者将在fMRI扫描仪中接收视觉处理任务。该研究计划的知识将导致有关精神分裂症视觉处理的潜在神经基板的信息，并可能导致创新治疗，以及开发和测试新疗法的替代方法。了解感知缺陷与日常活动之间的关系以及这些关系的机制将有助于我们了解精神分裂症中对功能结果的局限性，有助于对结果进行预测，并导致目标干预的设计。